概述
- show status 获取服务器信息
- describe [table] 或 show columns from [table]获取表字段信息
- show create database [database] 显示创建特定数据库
- show create table [table] 显示创建特定数据表
- show grants 用来显示授权用户的安全权限
- show errors 显示错误信息
- show warnings 显示警告信息
明细
1. show status 获取服务器信息
+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| Aborted_clients | 0 |
| Aborted_connects | 6 |
| Binlog_cache_disk_use | 0 |
| Binlog_cache_use | 0 |
| Binlog_stmt_cache_disk_use | 0 |
| Binlog_stmt_cache_use | 0 |
| Bytes_received | 618 |
| Bytes_sent | 14539 |
| Com_admin_commands | 0 |
| Com_assign_to_keycache | 0 |
| Com_alter_db | 0 |
| Com_alter_db_upgrade | 0 |
| Com_alter_event | 0 |
| Com_alter_function | 0 |
| Com_alter_instance | 0 |
| Com_alter_procedure | 0 |
| Com_alter_server | 0 |
| Com_alter_table | 0 |
| Com_alter_tablespace | 0 |
| Com_alter_user | 0 |
| Com_analyze | 0 |
| Com_begin | 0 |
| Com_binlog | 0 |
| Com_call_procedure | 0 |
| Com_change_db | 3 |
| Com_change_master | 0 |
| Com_change_repl_filter | 0 |
| Com_check | 0 |
| Com_checksum | 0 |
| Com_commit | 0 |
| Com_create_db | 0 |
| Com_create_event | 0 |
| Com_create_function | 0 |
| Com_create_index | 0 |
| Com_create_procedure | 0 |
| Com_create_server | 0 |
| Com_create_table | 0 |
| Com_create_trigger | 0 |
| Com_create_udf | 0 |
| Com_create_user | 0 |
| Com_create_view | 0 |
| Com_dealloc_sql | 0 |
| Com_delete | 0 |
| Com_delete_multi | 0 |
| Com_do | 0 |
| Com_drop_db | 0 |
| Com_drop_event | 0 |
| Com_drop_function | 0 |
| Com_drop_index | 0 |
| Com_drop_procedure | 0 |
| Com_drop_server | 0 |
| Com_drop_table | 0 |
| Com_drop_trigger | 0 |
| Com_drop_user | 0 |
| Com_drop_view | 0 |
| Com_empty_query | 0 |
| Com_execute_sql | 0 |
| Com_explain_other | 0 |
| Com_flush | 0 |
| Com_get_diagnostics | 0 |
| Com_grant | 0 |
| Com_ha_close | 0 |
| Com_ha_open | 0 |
| Com_ha_read | 0 |
| Com_help | 0 |
| Com_insert | 0 |
| Com_insert_select | 0 |
| Com_install_plugin | 0 |
| Com_kill | 0 |
| Com_load | 0 |
| Com_lock_tables | 0 |
| Com_optimize | 0 |
| Com_preload_keys | 0 |
| Com_prepare_sql | 0 |
| Com_purge | 0 |
| Com_purge_before_date | 0 |
| Com_release_savepoint | 0 |
| Com_rename_table | 0 |
| Com_rename_user | 0 |
| Com_repair | 0 |
| Com_replace | 0 |
| Com_replace_select | 0 |
| Com_reset | 0 |
| Com_resignal | 0 |
| Com_revoke | 0 |
| Com_revoke_all | 0 |
| Com_rollback | 0 |
| Com_rollback_to_savepoint | 0 |
| Com_savepoint | 0 |
| Com_select | 1 |
| Com_set_option | 1 |
| Com_signal | 0 |
| Com_show_binlog_events | 0 |
| Com_show_binlogs | 0 |
| Com_show_charsets | 0 |
| Com_show_collations | 0 |
| Com_show_create_db | 2 |
| Com_show_create_event | 0 |
| Com_show_create_func | 0 |
| Com_show_create_proc | 0 |
| Com_show_create_table | 1 |
| Com_show_create_trigger | 0 |
| Com_show_databases | 2 |
| Com_show_engine_logs | 0 |
| Com_show_engine_mutex | 0 |
| Com_show_engine_status | 0 |
| Com_show_events | 0 |
| Com_show_errors | 1 |
| Com_show_fields | 1 |
| Com_show_function_code | 0 |
| Com_show_function_status | 0 |
| Com_show_grants | 1 |
| Com_show_keys | 0 |
| Com_show_master_status | 0 |
| Com_show_open_tables | 0 |
| Com_show_plugins | 0 |
| Com_show_privileges | 0 |
| Com_show_procedure_code | 0 |
| Com_show_procedure_status | 0 |
| Com_show_processlist | 0 |
| Com_show_profile | 0 |
| Com_show_profiles | 0 |
| Com_show_relaylog_events | 0 |
| Com_show_slave_hosts | 0 |
| Com_show_slave_status | 0 |
| Com_show_status | 2 |
| Com_show_storage_engines | 0 |
| Com_show_table_status | 0 |
| Com_show_tables | 2 |
| Com_show_triggers | 0 |
| Com_show_variables | 0 |
| Com_show_warnings | 1 |
| Com_show_create_user | 0 |
| Com_shutdown | 0 |
| Com_slave_start | 0 |
| Com_slave_stop | 0 |
| Com_group_replication_start | 0 |
| Com_group_replication_stop | 0 |
| Com_stmt_execute | 0 |
| Com_stmt_close | 0 |
| Com_stmt_fetch | 0 |
| Com_stmt_prepare | 0 |
| Com_stmt_reset | 0 |
| Com_stmt_send_long_data | 0 |
| Com_truncate | 0 |
| Com_uninstall_plugin | 0 |
| Com_unlock_tables | 0 |
| Com_update | 0 |
| Com_update_multi | 0 |
| Com_xa_commit | 0 |
| Com_xa_end | 0 |
| Com_xa_prepare | 0 |
| Com_xa_recover | 0 |
| Com_xa_rollback | 0 |
| Com_xa_start | 0 |
| Com_stmt_reprepare | 0 |
| Compression | OFF |
| Connection_errors_accept | 0 |
| Connection_errors_internal | 0 |
| Connection_errors_max_connections | 0 |
| Connection_errors_peer_address | 0 |
| Connection_errors_select | 0 |
| Connection_errors_tcpwrap | 0 |
| Connections | 153 |
| Created_tmp_disk_tables | 1 |
| Created_tmp_files | 5 |
| Created_tmp_tables | 5 |
| Delayed_errors | 0 |
| Delayed_insert_threads | 0 |
| Delayed_writes | 0 |
| Flush_commands | 1 |
| Handler_commit | 1 |
| Handler_delete | 0 |
| Handler_discover | 0 |
| Handler_external_lock | 2 |
| Handler_mrr_init | 0 |
| Handler_prepare | 0 |
| Handler_read_first | 2 |
| Handler_read_key | 2 |
| Handler_read_last | 0 |
| Handler_read_next | 0 |
| Handler_read_prev | 0 |
| Handler_read_rnd | 0 |
| Handler_read_rnd_next | 246 |
| Handler_rollback | 0 |
| Handler_savepoint | 0 |
| Handler_savepoint_rollback | 0 |
| Handler_update | 0 |
| Handler_write | 210 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_dump_status | Dumping of buffer pool not started |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_load_status | Buffer pool(s) load completed at 170228 9:14:04 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_resize_status | |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_data | 258 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_bytes_data | 4227072 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_dirty | 0 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_bytes_dirty | 0 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_flushed | 461 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_free | 762 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_misc | 4 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_pages_total | 1024 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_read_ahead_rnd | 0 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_read_ahead | 127 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_read_ahead_evicted | 0 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_read_requests | 43032 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_reads | 1086 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_wait_free | 0 |
| Innodb_buffer_pool_write_requests | 13834 |
| Innodb_data_fsyncs | 264 |
| Innodb_data_pending_fsyncs | 0 |
| Innodb_data_pending_reads | 0 |
| Innodb_data_pending_writes | 0 |
| Innodb_data_read | 19943936 |
| Innodb_data_reads | 1331 |
| Innodb_data_writes | 747 |
| Innodb_data_written | 13175808 |
| Innodb_dblwr_pages_written | 262 |
| Innodb_dblwr_writes | 43 |
| Innodb_log_waits | 0 |
| Innodb_log_write_requests | 1136 |
| Innodb_log_writes | 109 |
| Innodb_os_log_fsyncs | 123 |
| Innodb_os_log_pending_fsyncs | 0 |
| Innodb_os_log_pending_writes | 0 |
| Innodb_os_log_written | 765952 |
| Innodb_page_size | 16384 |
| Innodb_pages_created | 165 |
| Innodb_pages_read | 1212 |
| Innodb_pages_written | 495 |
| Innodb_row_lock_current_waits | 0 |
| Innodb_row_lock_time | 0 |
| Innodb_row_lock_time_avg | 0 |
| Innodb_row_lock_time_max | 0 |
| Innodb_row_lock_waits | 0 |
| Innodb_rows_deleted | 0 |
| Innodb_rows_inserted | 1325 |
| Innodb_rows_read | 4168 |
| Innodb_rows_updated | 2 |
| Innodb_num_open_files | 111 |
| Innodb_truncated_status_writes | 0 |
| Innodb_available_undo_logs | 128 |
| Key_blocks_not_flushed | 0 |
| Key_blocks_unused | 53578 |
| Key_blocks_used | 7 |
| Key_read_requests | 74 |
| Key_reads | 7 |
| Key_write_requests | 0 |
| Key_writes | 0 |
| Last_query_cost | 3.399000 |
| Last_query_partial_plans | 1 |
| Locked_connects | 0 |
| Max_execution_time_exceeded | 0 |
| Max_execution_time_set | 0 |
| Max_execution_time_set_failed | 0 |
| Max_used_connections | 10 |
| Max_used_connections_time | 2017-02-28 11:50:12 |
| Not_flushed_delayed_rows | 0 |
| Ongoing_anonymous_transaction_count | 0 |
| Open_files | 44 |
| Open_streams | 0 |
| Open_table_definitions | 204 |
| Open_tables | 421 |
| Opened_files | 878 |
| Opened_table_definitions | 0 |
| Opened_tables | 1 |
| Performance_schema_accounts_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_cond_classes_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_cond_instances_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_digest_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_file_classes_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_file_handles_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_file_instances_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_hosts_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_index_stat_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_locker_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_memory_classes_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_metadata_lock_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_mutex_classes_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_mutex_instances_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_nested_statement_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_prepared_statements_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_program_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_rwlock_classes_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_rwlock_instances_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_session_connect_attrs_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_socket_classes_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_socket_instances_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_stage_classes_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_statement_classes_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_table_handles_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_table_instances_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_table_lock_stat_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_thread_classes_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_thread_instances_lost | 0 |
| Performance_schema_users_lost | 0 |
| Prepared_stmt_count | 0 |
| Qcache_free_blocks | 1 |
| Qcache_free_memory | 1031872 |
| Qcache_hits | 0 |
| Qcache_inserts | 0 |
| Qcache_lowmem_prunes | 0 |
| Qcache_not_cached | 788 |
| Qcache_queries_in_cache | 0 |
| Qcache_total_blocks | 1 |
| Queries | 2418 |
| Questions | 19 |
| Select_full_join | 0 |
| Select_full_range_join | 0 |
| Select_range | 0 |
| Select_range_check | 0 |
| Select_scan | 6 |
| Slave_open_temp_tables | 0 |
| Slow_launch_threads | 0 |
| Slow_queries | 0 |
| Sort_merge_passes | 0 |
| Sort_range | 0 |
| Sort_rows | 0 |
| Sort_scan | 0 |
| Ssl_accept_renegotiates | 0 |
| Ssl_accepts | 0 |
| Ssl_callback_cache_hits | 0 |
| Ssl_cipher | |
| Ssl_cipher_list | |
| Ssl_client_connects | 0 |
| Ssl_connect_renegotiates | 0 |
| Ssl_ctx_verify_depth | 0 |
| Ssl_ctx_verify_mode | 0 |
| Ssl_default_timeout | 0 |
| Ssl_finished_accepts | 0 |
| Ssl_finished_connects | 0 |
| Ssl_server_not_after | |
| Ssl_server_not_before | |
| Ssl_session_cache_hits | 0 |
| Ssl_session_cache_misses | 0 |
| Ssl_session_cache_mode | NONE |
| Ssl_session_cache_overflows | 0 |
| Ssl_session_cache_size | 0 |
| Ssl_session_cache_timeouts | 0 |
| Ssl_sessions_reused | 0 |
| Ssl_used_session_cache_entries | 0 |
| Ssl_verify_depth | 0 |
| Ssl_verify_mode | 0 |
| Ssl_version | |
| Table_locks_immediate | 169 |
| Table_locks_waited | 0 |
| Table_open_cache_hits | 2 |
| Table_open_cache_misses | 1 |
| Table_open_cache_overflows | 0 |
| Tc_log_max_pages_used | 0 |
| Tc_log_page_size | 0 |
| Tc_log_page_waits | 0 |
| Threads_cached | 4 |
| Threads_connected | 6 |
| Threads_created | 10 |
| Threads_running | 1 |
| Uptime | 9902 |
| Uptime_since_flush_status | 9902 |
+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
356 rows in set
2. describe [table] 或 show columns from [table]
示例：
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| code | varchar(255) | NO | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(255) | NO | | NULL | |
| name_en | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| remark | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| creator_id | int(10) unsigned | YES | MUL | NULL | |
| created_at | timestamp | YES | | NULL | |
| updated_at | timestamp | YES | | NULL | |
| deleted_at | timestamp | YES | | NULL | |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
3. show create database [database]
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| sfabric_local | CREATE DATABASE `sfabric_local` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci */ |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set
4. show create table [table] （由于格式问题，已省略格式部分）
CREATE TABLE `yarns` (
`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`code` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '编码',
`name` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '名称',
`name_en` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '英文名称',
`remark` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '备注',
`creator_id` int(10) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,
`created_at` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`updated_at` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`deleted_at` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `yarns_creator_id_foreign` (`creator_id`),
CONSTRAINT `yarns_creator_id_foreign` FOREIGN KEY (`creator_id`) REFERENCES `t_account` (`FID`) ON DELETE CASCADE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=11 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci
参考书籍：
- MySQL必知必会
