通过前后端分离的方式将服务端从系统中独立分配出来进行部署，使前端的视图层与后端的业务逻辑层进行分层，对逻辑以及视图进行解耦。通过个人实践，使用SpringMVC搭建REST风格系统。
搭建过程主要还是对spring的配置文件的设置
maven依赖
项目构建通过maven进行包的管理，在这里我们通过Spring框架进行系统配置，同时使用json作为rest请求消息格式，我们所需要的包分别是SpringMVC的依赖包以及Jackson的Json处理包。主要依赖包配置如下：
<!--spring 依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jackson json -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.castor</groupId>
<artifactId>castor-xml</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
web.xml
在这里进行Spring配置文件的配置，以及过滤器的配置工作。
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContextMain.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/action-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!--设置所有请求都提交给spring进行处理-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
spring配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:oxm="http://www.springframework.org/schema/oxm"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/oxm
http://www.springframework.org/schema/oxm/spring-oxm-4.2.xsd">
<!-- 静态资源处理，由于我们将所有请求都交由spring进行处理，对于html,js,css这些静态资源我们需要进行特殊配置，使得我们能够直接进行访问 -->
<mvc:resources location="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**"></mvc:resources>
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的jar包，限定只对controller进行扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.rest.action"
use-default-filters="false">
<context:include-filter type="annotation"
expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 完成请求和注解POJO的映射-->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="stringHttpMessageConverter" />
<ref bean="mappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter" />
<ref bean="marshallingHttpMessageConverter" />
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!--pojo对象转换Json-->
<bean id="stringHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter" />
<bean id="mappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter" />
<bean id="marshallingHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.MarshallingHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="marshaller" ref="castorMarshaller" />
<property name="unmarshaller" ref="castorMarshaller" />
</bean>
<bean id="castorMarshaller" class="org.springframework.oxm.castor.CastorMarshaller" />
<!-- 对转向页面的路径解析。prefix：前缀， suffix：后缀 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
p:prefix="/jsp/" p:suffix=".jsp" />
</beans>
试例方法
Controller类，负责接收url请求
package org.rest.action;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.rest.pojo.UserInfo;
import java.util.ArrayList;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/userinfo")
public class SpittleController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}/{name}", method = RequestMethod.GET, headers = { "Accept=application/json" })
public @ResponseBody ArrayList<UserInfo> getSpittle(
@PathVariable("id") int id, @PathVariable("name") String name,
Model model) {
UserInfo user = new UserInfo();
user.setId(id);
user.setName(name);
ArrayList<UserInfo> list = new ArrayList<UserInfo>();
list.add(user);
return list;
}
}
Pojo类
package org.rest.pojo;
public class UserInfo {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
部署完成，测试如下：
系统部署测试
源码下载
Demo已上传至GitHub，欢迎指正！
