先来对一下昨天小练习的答案~

c 2. c 3. a 4. b 5. c 6. a 7. a 8. b

我自己做错了两个，分别是第5题，误解了fond的意思，第6题，donation是捐赠物，supporter更贴近于benefactor

今天将学习 BELL 和 PAC 两个词根~ 开始吧~

BELL. 源自拉丁词语，意为"war". Bellona是一个小有名气的罗马战争女神，她的丈夫Mars是掌管战争的神。

antebellum. Existing before a war, especially before the American Civil War(1861-1865).

例句：When World War I was over, the French nobility(贵族) found it impossible to return to their extravagant antebellum way of life.

即使战争胜利了，战胜国的情况也不会比战争前好多少，更不用说战败国了。So antebellum often summons up images of ease, elegance, and entertainment that disappeared in the postwar years. 在美国南部，the antebellum way of life depended on a social structure, based on slavery, that collapsed after the Civil War; Margaret Mitchell's Gone with the Wind shows the nostalgia(怀旧，尤指对美好时光的) and bitterness felt by wealthy Southerners after the war more than the relief and anticipation experienced by those released from slavery. 一战打碎了上层阶级的美好生活，即便是获胜了法国和英国，（也未能幸免）。短短的四年，一战彻底改变了整个社会。

bellicose. Warlike, aggressive, quarrelsome.

例句：The more bellicose party always got elected whenever there was tension along the border and the public believed that military action would lead to security.

bellicose描述的是一种渴望真实战争的态度，这个词总的来说适用于领导者和他们所领导的国家。在20世纪，这个词通常用来描述轴心国三大领袖，德国的Kaiser Wilhelm, 意大利的Benito Mussolini,和日本的General Tojo。The international relations of a nation with a bellicose foreign policy tend to be stormy and difficult, and bellicosity usually makes the rest of the world very uneasy.

belligerence. Aggressiveness, combativeness.

例句：The belligerence in Turner's voice told them that the warning was a serious threat.

与bellicose和bellicosity不同的是，belligerence能被用在从个体到全局的每一个层次。The belligerence of Marlon Brando's performances as the violet Stanley Kowalski in A Streetcar Named Desireelectrified the country in the 1940s and '50s. At the same time, belligerent speeches by leaders of the Soviet Union and the United States throughout the Cold War were keeping the world on edge. Belligerent is even a noun; the terrible war in the recent years, for example, has involved seven nations as belligerents.

rebellion. Open defiance and opposition, sometimes armed, to a person or thing in authority.

例句：A student rebellion that afternoon in Room 13 resulted in the new substitute teacher racing out of the building in tears.

（这一段解释感觉保留英文更能表达其含义）

Plenty of teenagers rebel against their parents in all kinds of ways. But a rebellion usually involves a group. Armed rebellions are usually put down by a country's armed forces, or at least kept from expanding beyond a small area.

The American War of Independence was first viewed by the British as a minor rebellionthat would soon run its course, but this particular rebellion led to a full-fledged(figurative (established, qualified)) revolution-that is, the overthrow of a government. Rebellion, armed or otherwise, has often alerted those in power that those they control are very unhappy.

PAC. 与拉丁词中含义为"agree"和"peace"的词相关。Pacific Ocean，即平静的海洋，由Ferdinand Magellan命名。有一次他驾船穿过了靠近Cape Horn的风暴后，发现太平洋是如此的平静，因此给该洋起名Pacific Ocean。（显然Magellan没遇到过太平洋台风）

pacify. (1)To soothe(缓解或安慰) anger or agitation(焦躁), (2)To subdue(控制) by armed action.

例句：It took the police hours to pacify the angry demonstrators.

Someone stirred up by a strong emotion can usually be pacified by some kind words and the removal of its causes. 例如：

Unhappy babies are often given a rubber pacifier for sucking to make them stop crying.

在越战中，pacification of an area意味着用武力驱逐敌人，用建筑学校和提供社会服务来笼络当地人的心。但是军队常常用纯武力来维护所谓的“和平”，而不带有任何安慰人心的多余动作。

pacifist. A person opposed to war or violence, especially someone who refuses to bear arms or to fight, on moral or religious grounds.

例句：Her grandfather had fought in the Marines in World War II, but in his later years he had become almost a pacifist, opposing every war for one reason or another.

The Quakers and the Jehovah's Witnesses are pacifist religious groups.Henry David Thoreau和马丁路德金就是美国著名的pacifist. 像这些组织和个人这样的pacifists, 不是总能遇到同情和理解的。pacifism，至始至终抵制者战争，有着强烈的个人信仰，但是在战时常常被屠杀或监禁。

pact. An agreement between two or more people or groups; a treaty or formal agreement between nations to deal with a problem or to resolve a dispute.

The girls made a pact never to reveal what had happened on that terrifying night in the abandoned house.

Pact has "peace" at its root because a pact often ends a period of unfriendly relations. 这个词通常用在国际关系中，像是外交官常说的"arms pact","trade pact"或者"fishing-rights pact"。它也可以用在任何两人之间的严肃约定或者承诺。

pace. Contrary to the opinion of.(和步调那个pace 不同，这里用的是拉丁含义 )

例句：She had only three husbands, pace some Hollywood historians who claim she had as many as sex.

这个单词很像是常用的那个pace, 但这里注意其发音是PAY-see. It is used only by intellectuals, and often printed in italics so that the reader doesn't mistake it for the other word. 作家用这个词仅在纠正一个被多数人信以为真的观点，如，"The costs of the program, pace some commentators, will not be significant."

So what does pace have to do with peace?

Because it says "Peace to them(that is, to the people I'm mentioning)-I don't what to start an argument; I just want to correct the facts."

Quizzes

Fill in each blank with the correct letter:

a. antebellum b. pacifist c. pact d. pace

e. rebellion f. bellicose g. pacify h. belligerence

The native __________ began at midnight, when a gang of youths massacred the Newton family and set the house afire.

The grand __________ mansion has hardly been altered since it was built in 1841.

The Senate Republicans, outraged by their treatment, were in a _______ mood.

__________ some of the younger scholars, no good evidence has been found that Japan was involved in the incident.

The cease-fire _______ that had been reached with such effort was shattered by the news of the slaughter.

Their relations during the divorce proceedings had been mostly, so his _________ in the judge's chambers surprised her.

The world watched in amazement as the gentle _________ Gandhi won India its independence with almost no bloodshed.

Her soft lullabies(摇篮曲) could always _________ the unhappy infant.