DAY 1and DAY 2：Vocabulary
1、resistance
n.{u} dislike of or opposition to a plan, an idea, etc.; refusal to obey抵抗；阻力；抗力
eg:As with all new ideas it met with resistance.
{u}the act of using force to oppose sb/sth
eg:armed resistance
{u} ~(to sth)the power not to be affected by sth
eg:AIDS lowers the body's resistance to infection.
{u} {c}the opposition of a substance or device to the flow of an electrical current
{u} a secret organization that resists the authorities, especially in a country that an enemy has control of
eg:resistance fighters
Thesaurus: confrontation;fighting
2、demonstrate
v. (t) to show sth clearly by giving proof or evidence
eg:The theories were demonstrated to be false.
(t)to show by your actions that you have a particular quality, feeling or opinion
eg:You need to demonstrate more self-control.
(t)to show and explain how sth works or how to do sth
eg:Her job involves demonstrating new educational software
(i)to take part in a public meeting or march, usually as a protest or to show support for sth
eg:They are demonstrating in favour of free higher education.
Thesaurus:explain,expoubd,operate,instruct
3、explicit
adj:fully and clearly expressed or demonstrated; leaving nothing merely implied; unequivocal:definite and unreserved in expression; outspoken
eg:an explicit act of violence
He was quite explicit as to what he expected us to do for him.
Related forms:{adv}explicitly ; {n} explicitness {adj} overexplicit
can be confused:implicit; implied
4、gravitational
n. the force of attraction between any two masses. (Physics)
eg:Compare law of gravitation
the gravitational pull of the moon
an act or process caused by this force
eg:The gravitational interaction of a satellite and a nearby particle is somewhat counterintutive.
a sinking or falling
a movement or tendency toward something or someone:
5、orbit
n.{c}{u}a curved path followed by a planet or an object as it moves around another planet, star, moon, etc.
eg:the earth's orbit around the sun
{sing}an area that a particular person, organization, etc. deals with or is able to influence
eg:to come/fall/be within sb's orbit
v:{t}to move or travel around in anorbitalor elliptical path:
eg:The earth orbits the sun once every 365.25 days.
{i}to go or travel in an orbit.
Related forms: {adj}orbitary
Thesaurus:path.track
6、irrational
adj:without the faculty of reason; deprived of reason; not in accordance with reason; utterly illogical
eg:irrational arguments.
Economists often refer to this sort of behaviour as irrational.
Mathematics.(of a number) not capable of being expressed exactly as a ratio of two integers.
eg:irrational number
Thesaurus:illogical,unreasonable
7、illusion
n.something that deceives by producing a false or misleading impression of reality
Psychology
eg:She's under the illusion that(= believes wrongly that) she'll get the job
Mirrors in a room often give an illusion of space
Related forms:delusion,impression
8、notable
adj:worthy of note or notice; noteworthy: prominent, important, or distinguished
eg:a notable success/achievement/example
The town is notable for its ancient harbour.
n:a prominent, distinguished, or important person
eg:All the usual local notables were there
Related forms: {n}notableness {adv}notably {adj} nonnotable
Thesaurus:personage ;celebrity
9、Jupiter
n:Also calledJove. the supreme deity of the ancient Romans: the god of the heavens and of weather.(木星）
eg:Jupeter has fourteen mons ,the largest number of any planet.
10、disturbance
n:{u}{c}actions that make you stop what you are doing, or that upset the normal state that sth is in; the act of disturbing sb/sth or the fact of being disturbed
eg:The building work is creating constant noise, dust and disturbance
{c}a situation in which people behave violently in a public place
eg:He was charged with causing a disturbance after the game
{u}{c}a state in which sb's mind or a function of the body is upset and not working normally
eg:emotional disturbance
Thesaurus:trouble,commotion
11、in terms of 依…；从…方面
in effect 实际上，总之
eg:So we wanted to place some debts in terms of future investment that would pay off the company in the long term.
eg:In effect, all that the darek does is highlight the lack of Light and it is through such experiences that you grow spiritually.
12、contract
n:an official written agreement 合同；合约；契约
eg:These clauses form part of the contract between buyer and seller
to enter into/make/sign a contract with the supplier
(informal)~(on sb) an agreement to kill sb for money（雇用杀人的）协议，合同
eg:to take out a contract on sb
v:(t) to draw together or into smaller compass; draw the parts of together（使）收缩，缩小
eg:The exercise consists of stretching and contracting the leg muscles.
(t) to get an illness 感染（疾病）；得（病）
eg:to contract AIDS/a virus/a disease
(t)(i) to make a legal agreement with sb for them to work for you or provide you with a service与…订立合同（或契约）
eg:The player is contracted to play until August.
She has contracted to work 20 hours a week.(vi) ~to do sth
(t) to formally agree to marry sb/form an alliance with sb（与…）订立（婚约）；（与…）缔结（同盟）
~ a marriage/an alliance (with sb)
Idioms:put out a contract on {to hire or attempt to hire an assassin to kill (someone):}雇用刺客谋杀
Related forms: contractible (adj)
Thesaurus:agreement,bond,convention
13、postulate
v.to suggest or accept that sth is true so that it can be used as the basis for a theory, etc假定；假设
eg:They postulated a 500-year lifespan for a plastic container.
n:a statement that is accepted as true, that forms the basis of a theory, etc.假定；假设
a fundamental principle.
Related forms: postulation (n) ;postulational (adj)
Thesaurus:assume,hypothesize,claim,suggest
14、confine
v:to keep sb/sth inside the limits of a particular activity, subject, area, etc.限制，限定
~ sb/sth to sth
eg:The work will not be confined to the Glasgow area.
to keep a person or an animal in a small or closed space
eg:Keep the dog confined in a suitable travelling cage.
to have to stay in bed, in a wheelchair (be confined to bed, a wheelchair)
eg:She was confined to bed with the flu.
n:confines. a boundary or bound; limit; border; frontier
confines. region; territory.
Related forms:confinable,confineable(adj) ;confineless(adj) ;confiner(n)
Thesaurus:restrain;restrict,limit,curb,narrow
15、intrinsic
adj:belonging to or part of the real nature of sth/sb固有的，内在的，本身的
eg:These tasks were repetitive, lengthy and lacking any intrinsic interest.
Thesaurus:basic,essential,fundamental,central
16、velocity
n:the speed of sth in a particular direction（沿某一方向的）速度
eg:the velocity of light
high speed高速；快速
eg:Jaguars can move with an astonishing velocity.
Thesaurus:speed;rate;swiftness
17、detect
v.to discover or notice sth, especially sth that is not easy to see, hear, etc.发现
eg:The tests are designed to detect the disease early.
n:a shortcoming, fault, or imperfection
eg:a defect in an argument; a defect in a machine
lack or want, especially of something essential to perfection or completeness; deficiency:
eg:a defect in hearin
Related forms: defectible (adj) ;defectibility (n)
18、coordinate
adj:of the same order or degree; equal in rank or importance.
eg:Coordinate offices of a business.
v:(t)to organize the different parts of an activity and the people involved in it so that it works well使协调，使相配合 to place or arrange in proper order or position.
eg:They appointed a new manager to coordinate the work of the team
eg:This shade coordinates with a wide range of other colours.
n:either of two numbers or letters used to fix the position of a point on a map or graph坐标
eg:the x, y coordinates of any point on a line
pieces of clothing that can be worn together because, for example, the colours look good together(颜色协调的）配套服装，套装(pl)
Related forms:coordinately(adv);coordinateness (n)
Thesaurus:order:correlate
19、arbitrary
adj:subject to individual will or judgment without restriction; contingent solely upon one's discretion:任意的，武断的，随心所欲的
eg:an arbitrary decision
The choice of players for the team seemed completely arbitrary
having unlimited power; uncontrolled or unrestricted by law; despotic; tyrannical
eg:an arbitrary government
That's arbitrary from amoral point of view.
Thesaurus:subjective,illogical
Related forms:arbitrarily(adv) ;arbitrariness(n)
20、emit
v:to send forth (liquid, light, heat, sound, particles, etc.); discharge.
to give forth or release (a sound):
eg:He emitted one shrill cry and then was silent.
The metal container began to emit a clicking sound.
Thesaurus:produce. release,send out
21、sphere
n:a solid figure that is completely round, with every point on its surface at an equal distance from the centre球；球形；球体
any object that is completely round, for example a ball圆球；球状物
an area of activity, influence or interest; a particular section of society范围；领域；阶层；界
eg:the political sphere政界
This area was formerly within the sphere of influence of the US.
a region that surrounds a planet, especially the earth（包围地球等的大气的）层
eg:ionosphere电离层
atomosphere大气层
V(t):to enclose in or as if in a sphere.包围；把……放在球内
to form into a sphere.使成球形
to place among the heavenly spheres.使处于天体之间
22、ripple
n:a small wave on the surface of a liquid, especially water in a lake, etc.波纹；细浪；涟漪
eg:The air was so still that there was hardly a ripple on the pond's surface
a sound that gradually becomes louder and then quieter again起伏的声音
eg:a ripple of applause/laughter
a feeling that gradually spreads through a person or group of people逐渐扩散的感觉
eg:A ripple of fear passed through him.
v:(t)(i)to move or to make sth move in very small waves（使）如波浪般起伏
eg:The sea rippled and sparkled.
(i)to spread through a person or a group of people like a wave 扩散；涌起
eg:A gasp rippled through the crowd.
Thesaurus:wave;undulate
23、deflect
v(t)(i):to change direction or make sth change direction, especially after hitting sth(尤指击中某物后）偏斜，转向，使偏斜，使转向
eg:The ball deflected off Reid's body into the goal.
(t)to succeed in preventing sth from being directed towards you转移，引开
eg:All attempts to deflect attention from his private life have failed
(t)to prevent sb from doing sth that they are determined to do阻止（某人做已决定做的事）
~sb(from sth)
eg:The government will not be deflected from its commitments.
Related forms: deflectable （adj）deflector (反射器;偏向器；偏转电极；空气 n)
Day 3 :
Annie's exmaple
DAY4:
Annie say:
Q:本来文章承前启后逻辑通顺，可到光速后一下转到电磁波就看不懂了。电磁波和光速有什么关系呢？
A:光是一种电磁波。电磁波是个很宽的光谱，从微波到伽马光子，可见光是上面很窄的一段，也是电磁场的震动传播。
Q:理论上人的速度如果大于光速，就可以进入未来世界，对吧？
A:光速就算是无限大也到不了未来。光速是没有静质量的光子的振动，静质量为0达到光速，还要超过光速的话，那要怎么样加速呢？没有静质量，因为光在真空里也传播呀。它是个场波动传递，场呢......你可以理解为气场哈哈。
Q:He observed that the times at which the moons of Jupiter appeared to pass behind Jupiter were not evenly spaced, as one would expect if the moons went round Jupiter at a constant rate.
A:evenly spaced均匀地分布，the times是时间、时刻。如“今天早上六点看到，明天七点看到”，木卫出现的时间无定，而本来应该是确定的，如果运转速度恒定的话。
Q:怎么判断一个人讲话有没有逻辑？
A:有线索可以听懂，可以在事实之外的方面的被反驳性，越能被反驳，逻辑漏洞越多。基础的层次就是你的整篇整段整句话要是一条通路，高一点的层次就是能够在攻击下还保持不倒通常逻辑漏洞能够present itself to you，不用仔细挑毛病。Sometimes they have hiddenassumptions which might take a bit longer to detect if you happen to have thesame assumptions
As a person, my actions will only and should only be driven by what matters to me. But that is not the same thing as being selfish.
1.社科类是谁都可以参与的，是真的；而问题的根源往往都在于人心也是真的。
A:对，这里霍金的思维有点跳跃，突然提到利用光速和时间差来测量距离，这当然也可能是一个对时间空间维度等价的展示。凡是空间上的距离都可以转化为时间的距离。（但是反过来就不好操作了，像我们昨晚讨论的一样。回到过去就无法用改变空间距离来实行）
你这个解释很好，也就是我昨天挣扎着试图解释的时间膨胀概念，我总想彻底抛弃经典物理学角度但是忘了惯性坐标系还是成立的只是时间测量上不再是绝对的了。这个小球其实就是原子钟里面的脉冲波，每一秒大概是9亿个脉冲的样子，每个脉冲都在近光速经过的观察者看来经过了比在钟旁边的人看到的更长的距离，所以钟对于这个飞船上的观察者来说自然就走的更慢。
Q: stub one's toe on the stone是什么意思呢
A:Stub是断了的意思，就是说踢石头却反伤了自己的脚趾，形容那种愤恨的心情
Q:What happens at such events can neither affect nor be affected by what happens at P.这句话怎么理解呢
A:这些事件（包括它们的时空坐标）无法影响P点发生的事，也无法被其影响
stub one's toe:If you stub your toe,you hurt it by accidentlly kicking something.
eg:I stubbed my toe against a table leg.
stub out:When someone stubs out a cigarette, they put it out by pressing it against something hard.
eg:Signs across the entrances warn all visitors to stub out their cigarettes.
�preferred state of rest,最倾向的状态。Take up采取，物体在没有外力作用下总是倾向于采取静止状态
Q:怎么理解时间是相对的呢
A:如果我无法和你实时对手表，那我和你的时间就不是一回事，Eg:如果我想祝你20岁生日快乐，却在你22岁时才收到了谢谢,这样子是夸大，但是这么说换个参考的标准光速也就不那么快了，导致宇宙没有了绝对时间这个概念
Q:我们所接受的光，是已经过去的时间吗
A:是太阳的过去，世界上最远的距离就是我说我爱你太阳的同时，他说我爱你地球，然而它八年前就说了，于是我充满幸福感的等了八年，等到了一片黑暗，原来太阳八年前熄灭了。Hhh科学文艺的爱情
Thought:
文章结构
文章首先以亚里士多德的Absolute rest的理论为开头，引出了伽利略的实验，牛顿以伽利略的理论的基础，提出牛顿第一第二定律。之后又提出牛顿与亚里士多德的共同点为，都支持绝对时间。突然转至光速，提出科学家们对“以太”的设想。尔后又证明了此设想的不必要性。绝对时间，绝对空间，空间维度，时间距离与空间距离的等价性，重力场的重要性区分狭义相对论与广义相对论，光线弯曲等的实验介绍，科学理论组合成了这篇关于时间和空间关系的科普文章。
心得
The first day，open这份长达12页的科学文章，已做好耗费大量精力的准备。阅读了3个小时，只渐渐读懂2页的内容，生词也仅摘抄了10个。在此过程中，也不免时时犯困，因此也造成了效率不高的结果。经过几次研习，还有观看微信群中老师和同学们的问答，也渐渐对《相对论》有了浅浅的认识。科学家们总是能对我们take for granted的事情提出疑问，进而提出设想，做实验，验伪证。即使是科学家，也会时常不愿意承认自身的错误，牛顿也曾不愿意承认时间，空间的相对，他坚信绝对的神。尽管如此，还是会有接踵而至的科学家不断向前人的理论提出挑战，质疑，开拓新思维。有限的光速，时间的不可逆，我们不能回到过去的时间，我们所接收到的光是太阳的过去式，双胞胎的故事……越来越多新鲜的theory在拓宽思维的界限。宇宙的无限可能性时时都能带来不同的惊喜。the universe must have a beginning and, possibly, an end.
The science is endless.
