人们都相信，把心思放在一件事上拼命重复，就能学得更好。可事实并非如此。不科学的重复是无效的重复，对学习效果的提升毫无益处。那么应该如何有效科学的重复呢？
在《认知天性》这本书中，作者提出了有间隔的练习，有穿插内容的练习以及多样化练习，会让你把学到的东西掌握得更牢固，记忆的更长久。间隔练习就是让你在这段时间里出现一些遗忘，让你付出更多的努力来回忆学过的知识，这样会记忆得更加牢固。这个原理在我的上一篇文章中也有提到过。
穿插练习是指一些不同的知识点一起穿插地学习。从掌握知识和长期记忆上看，穿插练习比集中练习的效果好。我想或许是因为穿插性练习使练习有间隔，并且在练习不同内容的时候有对比，反而容易让大脑记得更加深刻。
作者也提出，多样化练习能够促进知识的活学活用，多样化且难度更高的练习，需要耗费更多的脑力，因此通过这种方式学到的东西会被大脑变成更灵活的表征，适用范围更广。这就是为什么没练过三英尺距离投掷的孩子比只练习三英尺距离投掷的孩子表现更好的原因。
因此，为了将所学的知识记忆的更加牢固，应该科学的去进行间隔练习，穿插性练习和多样化练习。
It is believed that the knowledge would stick to our mind if we learn and review it time and time again. However, things may be different, because some repetitions may be useless and ineffective. So what kind of repetitions are necessary?
In the book MAKE IT STICK, it is proposed by the author to do the interval, mixed and diversified practices. Interval practice means you do the practice intermittently so that you have to take more efforts to recall it. After this process, the knowledge will be stored in your brain for longer time. The principle was explained in my last article.
Mixed practice refers to learning varieties of knowledge at the same time, and it's more effective than learning individually. I think maybe the reason is the intervals occur when practise several things at one time, and your brain would compare these things, which makes the knowledge easier to stick to our mind.
And it is explained by the author diversified and tougher practice which consumes more energy will underpin your ability of applying the knowledge in a large scale. Then you will master the knowledge better.
The above are ther reasons why we need to do the interval practice, mixed practice and diversified practice. Are you ready to practise these theories? Don't hestitate to apply them in your learning to become an efficient learner!
