In July2016, a knife attack in Japan killing 19 people sent shockwaves across thecountry.
2016年7月，一名男子持刀袭击东京附近一个残疾人康复中心，造成19人遇难，震惊全日本。
This wasthe largest mass killing ever seen in Japan’s modern history.
这是日本近代史上规模最大的一次屠杀。
In fact,over the last 60 years, japan’s violent crime rate has steadily declined, andtoday, the country has one of the lowest homicide rates in the world.
过去60年中，日本的暴力犯罪率持续下降。如今，这个国家是世界上谋杀率最低的国家之一。
So whyis it that japan is so safe?
为什么日本如此安全呢？
Well,many attribute the low rate of crime to the low rate of gun ownership.
很多人把犯罪率低归因于持枪率低。
Accordingto separate reports by the University of Chicago and the United Nations, justone in 175 households in japan own firearms, compared to the United States,where it is one in three.
根据芝加哥大学和联合国的独立报道，日本家庭拥有枪支的比例为1/175，而美国这一数字为1/3。
This islargely because japan makes purchasing a gun extremely difficult.
这主要是因为在日本购买枪支非常困难。
Mostfirearms are illegal, as the country’s 1958 weapons control law states that “Noperson shall possess firearms or swords” and even exceptions to this law areheavily regulated.
大多数武器是非法的，该国1958年《武器控制法》规定，“任何人不得拥有枪支或刀剑”，该法律甚至对免责条款也严格管制。
Accordingto the Atlantic, buying a gun in japan requires a rigorous background check, screeningsfor mental illness and sobriety, as well as an all-day class ending in awritten exam.
据《大西洋》报道，在日本购买枪支需要进行严格的背景审查、精神疾病筛查和清醒测试，以及一整天的课程，最后还有笔试。
What ismore, gun owners must provide law enforcement with the exact location of theirweapon and ammunition, both of which must be locked and stored separately.
此外，枪支拥有者必须向执法人员提供其武器和弹药的确切位置，这两者必须锁起来分开存放。。
Gunowners are even required to retake the class every three years, and hand overtheir weapon to police for annual exams.
枪支持有人甚至需要每三年重新学习一次课程，并将他们的武器交给警察进行年检。
Othercredit japan’s safety to a highly efficient criminal justice system.
日本非常安全还归功于它有一套高效的刑事司法系统。
Policeextract confessions from 95 percent of those arrested, and according to theirown data, solve 98 percent of homicide cases.
警方从95%的被捕者中提取口供，根据他们自己的数据，解决了98%的凶杀案件。
Theconviction rate is also reportedly very high at 99 percent as juries do notexist. But japan’s criminal justice system is not perfect.
因为没有陪审团，根据报道，其定罪率高达99%。但日本的刑事司法制度并不完美。
Courthousesare understaffed and judges are reportedly promoted according to the speed bywhich they process cases.
法院人手不足，据说法官升职的依据是他们处理案件的速度。
Thispressure to convict provides the illusion that every crime is investigated andsolved, but many allege that the system does not paint an accurate picture ofviolent crime rates in japan.
这种压力之下，对定罪产生了一种错觉，即对每一种犯罪行为都调查清楚和解决了，但许多人认为该系统没有准确反映日本暴力犯罪率。
This isall against the backdrop of japan’s uniquely non-violent culture, whichstrongly emphasizes honor and politeness, and considers anger and aggressionshameful, even childish.
这完全违背了日本独特的非暴力文化背景，（非暴力文化）非常强调荣誉和礼节，并认为愤怒和激进可耻，甚至幼稚。
Someexperts link this to the aftermath of world war two, when japanconstitutionally and philosophically rejected violence after being victim totwo nuclear attacks.
一些专家将这一点与二战的后果联系起来，当日本成为两次核攻击受害者之后，该国从宪法层面和哲学层面都拒绝暴力。
Soonafter, the crime rate began to steadily drop, and today Japanese men commitroughly a tenth of the homicides than they did in the mid 20thcentury.
随后，犯罪率开始持续下降。如今，日本人犯凶杀案的比例大约是20世纪中叶的十分之一。
Thereare a slew of other reasons why the Japanese are, for the most part, abiding bythe law.
大多数情况下，日本人遵守法律还有许多其他原因。
Someexperts point to the country’s low rates of poverty, unemployment and drug use.
一些专家指出，日本的贫困率、失业率和吸毒率都很低。
But it’slikely that not one but a combination of these factors that make japan one ofthe safest countries in the world.
但是，应该不只是某一个原因，而是这些因素的组合，使日本成为世界上最安全的国家之一。
Butwhile japan is safe, it is also home to one of the largest criminalorganizations in the world: the Yakuza.
尽管日本很安全，同时它也保留了世界上最大的犯罪组织之一：暴力团。
Find outjust how powerful the Yakuza really is by watching this video.
想了解暴力团有多么强大，看这个视频吧。
Withmore than 50000 members spread over 21 independently run cartels, the Yakuza isone of the most powerful mafia like groups in the world, their largest and mostwell-known syndicate is yamaguchi-gumi. In 2014, this faction to gain 6.6billion dollars.
有超过50000成员，分布在21独立运营的帮派。暴力团是世界上最强大的黑手党团体之一。其中最大和最知名的财团是山口组。2014年，该集团营收为66亿美元。
英文原版视频链接：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Uv8al_aRAM
中文字幕视频链接：http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMjQ4NTYxNzIwOA==.html
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