为什么要用xcodebuild 命令行打包？因为不会受到 Jenkins xcode 插件的影响。最近就是因为升级了Jenkins xcode插件，导致所有xcode项目无法打包。
先来看看 xcodebuild 命令是怎样打包和发布 ios 项目的
一 、xcodebuild 打包解析
1、xcodebuild 常用命令
xcodebuild -showsdks: 列出 Xcode 所有可用的 SDKs-
xcodebuild -showBuildSettings
xcodebuild -showBuildSettings [-project name.xcodeproj | [-workspace name.xcworkspace -scheme schemename]]查看当前工程 build setting 的配置参数，Xcode 详细的 build setting 参数参考官方文档 Xcode Build Setting Reference， 已有的配置参数可以在终端中以 buildsetting=value 的形式进行覆盖重新设置
-
xcodebuild -list
xcodebuild -list [-project name.xcodeproj | -workspace name.xcworkspace]查看 project 中的 targets 和 configurations，或者 workspace 中 schemes
2、打开钥匙串访问， 导入证书
security unlock-keychain "-p" password "/Users/***/Library/Keychains/login.keychain-db"
3、清理项目
xcodebuild -workspace ***.xcworkspace -scheme *** -configuration Release clean
4、编译 archive
xcodebuild archive -workspace $project_workspace \
-scheme $project_scheme \
-configuration $Configuration \
PLATFORM_NAME=iphoneos \
-archivePath $archive_path \
BUILD_DIR="$build_dir" \
CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY="$CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY" \
PROVISIONING_PROFILE_SPECIFIER="$CPROVISIONING_PROFILE_NAME" \
PROVISIONING_PROFILE="${PROFILE_UUID}" \
PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER="${BUILD_ID}" \
-quiet
参数解析
-workspace 项目的workspace，以 .xcworkspace 命名的文件
-scheme 可通过 xcodebuild -list 查询
BUILD_DIR 编译输出路径
-archivePath acrhive的目标路径，在BUIDL_DIR下
-
CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY 证书名称, 注意可能会包证书错误
CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY获取方法:
打开你的钥匙串访问->选中目标证书->右键->显示简介，把标题复制出来就可以了。
-
PROVISIONING_PROFILE_SPECIFIER
描述文件名
xxx.moileprovision -
PROVISIONING_PROFILE
描述文件UUID , 打开
xxx.moileprovision文件，搜索UUID PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER BUILD_ID
com.xxxx.mall-quiet 只输出警告、错误消息
5、以版本号命名 .ipa文件
/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c "Print :ApplicationProperties:CFBundleVersion" ${archivePath}/Info.plist
/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c "Print :ApplicationProperties:CFBundleShortVersionString" ${archivePath}/Info.plist
6、输出 IPA 包文件
xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath $archive_path -exportOptionsPlist $exportOptionsPlist -exportPath $export_path
-
-exportOptionsPlist
这是必须项，是一个配置文件，里面配置了证书信息什么的。
XCode9以后如果使用命令打包，就需要有这个配置文件。
创建ExportOptions.plist的方式有两种：
1 、XCode执行发布，生产ipa同时会同时生成这个文件。
2、 也可以手动创建ExportOptions.plist，然后加入相关键值对。OptionExport.plist范例
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>signingStyle</key> <string>manual</string> <key>method</key> <string>development</string> <key>signingCertificate</key> <string>iOS Developer</string> <key>provisioningProfiles</key> <dict> <key>'${BundleID}'</key> <string>'${PROFILE_UUID}'</string> </dict> <key>iCloudContainerEnvironment</key> <string>Development</string> <key>stripSwiftSymbols</key> <key>teamID</key> <string>XXXXXXXXX</string> <true/> <key>compileBitcode</key> <true/> </dict> </plist>OptionExport.plist各字段说明
method： 字符串，为打包的类型，分为app-store，ad-hoc，enterprise和development，根据自己实际打包情况填写。
provisioningProfiles： 字典，Xcode9需要，键值对为{bundleid：证书标识 Identifiers }，{PROFILE_UUID：描述文件名对应的UUID。}
signingCertificate： 证书类型，开发环境为iPhone Developer，生产环境为iPhone Distribution。
signingStyle： 自动还是手动（manual与automatic），填写manual即可。
stripSwiftSymbols： 填写为YES。
teamID： 为开团队ID，在钥匙串中点击证书详情可以查看到。
uploadBitcode： 为YES即可。
uploadSymbols： 为YES即可。
！错误解决
error: Missing private key for signing certificate. Failed to locate the private key matching certificate "Apple Development: *********" in the keychain. To sign with this signing certificate, install its private key in your keychain. If you don't have the private key, select a different signing certificate for CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY in the build settings editor. (in target 'ALWMallGuideDevelop' from project 'ALWMallGuide')
删除 CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY="$CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY" 参数即可
二、 jenkins配置范例
需要的插件
git，emall, Inject environment variables(环境变量注入)
1、仓库配置
2、构建脚本
先添加 shell 将变量写入文件
# 打包的环境，正式环境为空，可选 {'Develop'; 'Release'; ''}
APP_ENV="Develop"
#工程名字(Target名字)
Project_Name="ALWMallGuide"
# build 路径
project_workspace="${Project_Name}.xcworkspace"
project_scheme="${Project_Name}${APP_ENV}"
# 获取app版本号
APP_VERSION=`/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c "Print :CFBundleShortVersionString" "${WORKSPACE}/ALWMallGuide/Resources/${project_scheme}-Info.plist"`
export_path="/Users/admin/project/build/${Project_Name}"
export_name="${export_path}/${project_scheme}_${APP_VERSION}.ipa"
# archive 目标路径
build_dir="${WORKSPACE}/build"
archive_path="${build_dir}/${project_scheme}.xcarchive"
#plist文件
exportOptionsPlist="${build_dir}/${project_scheme}.plist"
# 构建变量写入文件
echo "APP_VERSION=${APP_VERSION}
project_workspace=${project_workspace}
project_scheme=${project_scheme}
export_path=${export_path}
export_name=${export_name}
build_dir=${build_dir}
archive_path=${archive_path}
exportOptionsPlist=${exportOptionsPlist}" > BuildVariable
添加环境变量注入
# 打包的环境，正式环境为空，可选 {'Develop'; 'Release'; ''}
APP_ENV=Develop
#配置环境，Release或者Debug
Configuration=Release
#AdHoc版本的Bundle ID
BundleID=com.xxxx.mall
#证书名#描述文件
CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY=Apple Development: **************
CPROVISIONING_PROFILE_NAME=***********Mall_dep
PROFILE_UUID=9f4b27dc-f3f7-45e3-bb0c-816c7586560f
添加打包脚本（Execute shell）
#!/bin/bash
#author Jony
func_export_plist(){
echo '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>signingStyle</key>
<string>manual</string>
<key>method</key>
<string>development</string>
<key>signingCertificate</key>
<string>iOS Developer</string>
<key>provisioningProfiles</key>
<dict>
<key>'${BundleID}'</key>
<string>'${PROFILE_UUID}'</string>
</dict>
<key>iCloudContainerEnvironment</key>
<string>Development</string>
<key>stripSwiftSymbols</key>
<true/>
<key>compileBitcode</key>
<true/>
</dict>
</plist>' > ${exportOptionsPlist}
}
func_build(){
# 证书解锁
security unlock-keychain -p 123456 ~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain-db
# 清理
xcodebuild clean -workspace $project_workspace -scheme $project_scheme -configuration $Configuration
# 构建 archive 包
xcodebuild archive -workspace $project_workspace \
-scheme $project_scheme \
-configuration $Configuration \
PLATFORM_NAME=iphoneos \
-archivePath $archive_path \
BUILD_DIR="$build_dir" \
PROVISIONING_PROFILE_SPECIFIER="$CPROVISIONING_PROFILE_NAME" \
PROVISIONING_PROFILE="${PROFILE_UUID}" \
PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER="${BundleID}" -quiet
# 输出版本号
/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c "Print :ApplicationProperties:CFBundleVersion" ${archivePath}/Info.plist
/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c "Print :ApplicationProperties:CFBundleShortVersionString" ${archivePath}/Info.plist
#输出ipa包
xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath $archive_path -exportOptionsPlist $exportOptionsPlist -exportPath $export_path
}
cd ${WORKSPACE}
mkdir -p build
# 编译
func_export_plist
func_build
添加发布脚本
# 生成download.plist文件
echo '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>items</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>assets</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>kind</key>
<string>software-package</string>
<key>url</key>
<string>${url}/mallguide/'${project_scheme}'_'${APP_VERSION}'.ipa</string>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>kind</key>
<string>display-image</string>
<key>url</key>
<string>${url}/mallguide/image.57x57.png</string>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>kind</key>
<string>full-size-image</string>
<key>url</key>
<string>${url}/mallguide/image.512x512.jpg</string>
</dict>
</array>
<key>metadata</key>
<dict>
<key>bundle-identifier</key>
<string>com.xxxx.mall</string>
<key>bundle-version</key>
<string>'${APP_VERSION}'</string>
<key>kind</key>
<string>software</string>
<key>title</key>
<string>App名称</string>
</dict>
</dict>
</array>
</dict>
</plist>' > ${export_path}/${project_scheme}_${APP_VERSION}_Download.plist
mv ${export_path}/${project_scheme}.ipa ${export_name}
最后添加邮件发送
