1998年，美国一个反体罚组织—有效管教中心（Center For Effective Discipline）发起名为国际不打小孩日的活动，将每年的4月30日定为国际不打小孩日（International SpankOut Day），它的口号：请你试试看，至少在今天不要打小孩，或者你将会发现，今天过后的每一天，你都不需要打小孩了。
What is SpankOut Day?
SpankOut Day USA was initiated in 1998 to give widespread attention to the need to end corporal punishment of children and to promote non-violent ways of teaching children appropriate behavior.
corporal punishment
表示“体罚”，英文解释为“Corporal punishment is the punishment of people by hitting them.”举个🌰：
Corporal punishment in public schools is forbidden.
体罚在公立学校是被禁止的。
spank
作动词，表示“ 用手打 (小孩的) 屁股”，英文解释为“If someone spanks a child, they punish them by hitting them on the bottom several times with their hand.”举个🌰：
When I used to do that when I was a kid, my mom would spank me.
我小时候做那种事时，我妈妈总是打我的屁股。
EPOCH-USA (End Physical Punishment of Children) sponsors SpankOut Day USA on April 30th of each year.
All parents, guardians, and caregivers are encouraged to refrain from hitting children on this day, and to seek alternative methods of discipline through programs available in community agencies, churches and schools.
refrain from
1）表示“忍住；克制”，英文解释为“If you refrain from doing something, you deliberately do not do it.”举个🌰：
He refrained from making any comment.
他忍住了没做任何评论。
2）补充：refrain还可以作名词表示“副歌；一再重复的话”，如：a refrain from an old song 一首老歌的副歌，举个🌰：
Her constant refrain is that she doesn't have a life.
她总是不断重复的一句话就是她生活得很无聊。
EPOCH-USA is a program of the Center for Effective Discipline and part of an international effort to end corporal punishment of children through education and legal reform.
下面，我们看看南华早报（South China Morning Post）去年的一则关于暴力虐待儿童的报道。
Abuse of children younger than 3 years old soars in Hong Kong
South China Morning Post
The number of child abuse cases in Hong Kong involving infants aged two or below has more than doubled in recent years, and the abusers were younger too, according to the latest report from the government's Social Welfare Department.
infant
相信大家对这个词并不陌生，这里想跟大家分享它的另一个意思，作形容词表示“初期的”，英文解释为“An infant organization or system is new and has not developed very much.”举个🌰：
The infant company was based in Hangzhou.
这家初创的公司总部设在杭州。
A total of 947 cases – a high since 2013 – were recorded in last year's annual study, which also revealed that abuse targeting children aged two or younger shot up from 92 cases in 2015 to 222 last year.
shoot up
1）表示“猛增”，近义词为rocket，英文解释为“to increase very quickly and suddenly”举个🌰：
Demand for water has shot up by 50% over the last 15 years.
过去15年来，水的需求量猛增了50%。
2）还有一个比较有趣的意思，可以表示“（儿童）迅速长高，蹿个儿”，英文解释为“If a child shoots up, he or she grows taller very quickly and suddenly”，举个🌰：
I can't believe this is Kangkang – he's shot up since we last saw him!
想不到这就是康康，我们上次见到他之后，他长这么高了！
This age group made up 23 per cent of the 2017 cases – the highest percentage of all age groups.
The pattern was a marked change from the one in 2015 and 2016, when most cases involved youngsters between the ages of 12 and 14.
marked
表示“明显的”，英文解释为“A marked change or difference is very obvious and easily noticed”举个🌰：
The patient showed a marked improvement in her condition after changing medication.
换药治疗后病人的病情明显好转。
More than three-quarters of the abused children aged two or younger suffered neglect defined as a lack of attention to the child's basic needs that could endanger or impair health or development. Examples included failure to provide necessary food, clothing or medical treatment.
Lee Yu-po, service manager at protection group Against Child Abuse, said families with infants aged three or younger were more prone to abuse because of the pressures of taking care of a newborn.
neglect
此处作名词，表示“忽略；忽视；未被重视；疏于照管”，英文解释为“the fact of not giving enough care or attention to sth/sb; the state of not receiving enough care or attention”举个🌰：
The law imposes penalties for the neglect of children.
法律对疏于照管儿童有处罚措施。
impair
表示“损害；削弱，损伤”，英文解释为“If something impairs something such as an ability or the way something works, it damages it or makes it worse.”举个🌰：
The illness had impaired his ability to think and concentrate.
这种疾病损害了他的思维能力和注意力。
prone
表示“易于（受某事物影响或做某事）的”，英文解释为“To be prone to something, usually something bad, means to have a tendency to be affected by it or to do it.”举个🌰：
For all her experience as a television reporter, she was still prone to camera nerves.
尽管有丰富的做电视记者的经验，她仍然倾向于在镜头前紧张。
However, the spike in cases involving youngsters under three could also be caused by greater awareness and a higher rate of reporting, Lee said.
spike
1）此处作名词表示“（数量或比率的）激增”，英文解释为“a sudden large increase in the number or rate of something”，如“利率大幅上调”就可以说a spike in interest rates。
2）spike还可以作动词表示“激增”，英文解释为“If the number or rate of something spikes, it increases quickly and by a large amount”，举个🌰：
New TV orders have spiked in the last two years.
新装电视订单在过去两年里激增。
- END -
「才思汇：持续行动第五年，LR是怎么做到的？」
LearnAndRecord
2015年2月8日
2019年4月30日
第1543天
每天持续行动学外语
