英语流利说 Level7 Unit3 Part1 : Being a Global Citizen
Hugh Evans: What does it mean to be a citizen of the world?
TED2016 • 16:56 • Posted April 2016

What does it mean to be a citizen of the world?

成为世界公民意味着什么？

演讲者最近的推文一直在提倡新冠病毒期间要在家隔离

L7-U3-P1: Being a Global Citizen 1

1
I want to introduce you to an amazing woman.
我想给你们介绍个了不起的女性。.
introduce to 将某人介绍给另一个人
introduce myself to you 向你介绍我自己 ; 向你做自我介绍
作者这里应该想说introduce an amazing woman to you。

2
Her name is Davinia.
她的名字是Davinia.

3
Davinia was born in Jamaica, emigrated to the US at the age of 18, and now lives just outside of Washington, DC.
Davinia出生在牙买加，在18岁的时候移民去美国，现在就住在华盛顿特区外（郊区）。
immigrate, emgrate, migrate三个词都是“迁移”的意思，但是immigrate强调迁入，emigrate强调迁出，而migrate不强调方向，而是迁移的动作，用在人的身上时，通常表示国与国之间的迁居。
Washington DC是指美国的首都华盛顿，DC指 the District of Columbia，即哥伦比亚特区，说的都是一个地方，就是指首都，在美国的东海岸；而Washington指美国的华盛顿州，在美国的西北角。

4
She's not a high-powered political staffer, nor a lobbyist.
她既不是高级政治职员，也不是说客。
staffer n. 职员；编辑；采访记者
lobbyist n. 说客；活动议案通过者
staff n. 职员；参谋；棒；支撑；五线谱
looby n. 笨蛋，傻瓜
lobby n. 大厅；休息室；会客室；游说议员的团体；vt. 对……进行游说

5
She'd probably tell you she's quite unremarkable, but she's having the most remarkable impact.
她可能告诉你她很不起眼，但是她却做了非常了不起的事。

6
What's incredible about Davinia is that she's willing to spend time every single week focused on people who are not her:
难以置信的是Davinia愿意每周花时间在别人身上。
every single表示强调“每一”，这个用法在也前面的TED中多次出现。

7
people not in her neighborhood, her state, nor even in her country -- people she'd likely never meet.
这些人不是她的邻居，不是一个州的，也不是一个国家的 -- 这些人她从来没见过。
would likely 可能会
eg：If I suddently have a lot of money, I would likely just ignore and reject them for self protection.

8
Davinia's impact started a few years ago when she reached out to all of her friends on Facebook,
Davinia的影响开始于几年前，当时她在脸书上接触到了她所有的朋友。
reach out to 把手伸向，接触
eg：Be independent, you're an adult, don't always reach out to your parents for money.

9
and asked them to donate their pennies so she could fund girls' education.
然后请求他们捐点钱，这样她就能资助女孩上学了。

10
She wasn't expecting a huge response, but 700,000 pennies later, she's now sent over 120 girls to school.
她没有抱太大的期望，但是在收到700,000便士后，她现在资助了超过120个女孩去上学。
100便士等于1英镑，1英镑现在约等于8.3元人民币，所以70万便士约等于5.8万人民币。

11
When we spoke last week, she told me she's become a little infamous at the local bank every time she rocks up with a shopping cart full of pennies.
当我们上周聊天的时候，她告诉我在她每一次冷不丁地推着满满一购物车的便士钢镚到本地银行的时候，她就会变得有点不受欢迎。
rock up 迟到; 悄然抵达[非正式]
eg：Justice may be late, but it will rock up.

12
Now -- Davinia is not alone. Far from it.
现在，Davinia不再孤独。

13
She's part of a growing movement. And there's a name for people like Davinia: global citizens.
她现在是一个新兴运动的一部分。像Davinia一样的人有一个名字：世界公民。

14
A global citizen is someone who self-identifies first and foremost not as a member of a state, a tribe or a nation,
世界公民就是首先拥有自我认同，并且最重要的是，不是以一个州，一个民族或是一个国家的成员而自居的人。
self-identify 自我认同，这里做动词用了
foremost adj. 最重要的；最先的
eg：If you want to success, you should self-identify first and foremost don't worry, be patient.

15
But as a member of the human race,
而是作为人类的一员，

16
and someone who's prepared to act on that belief to tackle our world's greatest challenges.
并且准备好去践行这个理念，去应对我们这个世界上最大的挑战。

17
Our work is focused on finding, supporting and activating global citizens.
我们的工作聚焦于寻找，支持和推行世界公民。

18
They exist in every country and among every demographic.
它们存在于每个国家和每个年龄段中。
demographic n. 特定年龄段的人口；(demographics) 人口统计数据，人口统计资料

19
I want to make the case to you today that the world's future depends on global citizens.
我想今天向你们说明，这个世界的未来仰仗于世界公民。
make the case to 向...说明情况
eg：When it time to get off work, don't leave right away, make the case to yourself about what you've done today, and it would be better to take notes, and it will difinitely improve your working competence.

20
I'm convinced that if we had more global citizens active in our world,
我相信如果我们有更多的世界公民活跃在这个世界，

21
then every single one of the major challenges we face -- from poverty, climate change, gender inequality -- these issues become solvable.
那么我们面对的每一个重大挑战 -- 从贫穷，气候变化到性别不平等 -- 这些问题都可解决。

22
They are ultimately global issues, and they can ultimately only be solved by global citizens demanding global solutions from their leaders.
它们最终是全球性的问题，最终只能由全球公民要求其领导人提供全球性解决方案来解决。
eg：Angry is ultimately personal problem, and it can ultimately only be solved by individual demanding higher quality form its behaviour.

L7-U3-P1: Being a Global Citizen 2

23
Now,some people's immediate reaction to this idea is that either it's a bit utopian or even threatening.
现在，一些人对这个想法的第一反应要么是这有点不现实，要么就是这甚至有点威胁的意思。
utopian adj. 乌托邦的；空想的；理想化的
either it's = it's either

24
So I'd like to share with you a little of my story today, how I ended up here, how it connects with Davinia and, hopefully, with you.
所以我想在今天和你分享一点我的故事，我怎么到的这里，它如何与Davinia联系在一起的，希望也能和你们有联系。

25
Growing up in Melbourne, Australia, I was one of those seriously irritating little kids that never, ever stopped asking, "Why?"
我在澳大利亚的墨尔本长大，我就是那种永远不会停止询问“为什么”的恼人熊孩子。
Melbourne [ˈmelbərn] n. 墨尔本（澳大利亚一座城市）
irritating adj. 刺激的；气人的；使愤怒的；烦人的，使人恼火的

26
You might have been one yourself. I used to ask my mum the most annoying questions.
你可能曾经也是这样。我过去经常问我妈很烦人的问题。
might have been 可能曾是，虚拟语气，猜测可能已经发生的事
eg：You might have been fatty, because you do know so much about losing weight and now you are slim.
You might have been one yourself = yourself might have been one = You might have been one，这里的yourself表强调
mother = mom = mummy = mum

27
I'd ask her questions like, "Mum, why can't I dress up and play with puppets all day?"
我会问她这样的问题：“妈，为啥我不能打扮一番，整天和木偶玩呢？”
puppet n. 木偶；傀儡；受他人操纵的人

28
"Why do you want fries with that?"
“为什么那个要配薯条呢？”
fry v. 油炸，油煎；（被阳光）灼伤；（非正式）用电刑处死
fries n. 炸薯条（French fries）
我猜测演讲者是在问为啥薯条要沾番茄酱。

29
"What is a shrimp, and why do we have to keep throwing them on the barbie?"
“什么是虾，我们为啥总是把虾套在芭比娃娃的头上？”
shrimp n. 虾；小虾；矮小的人
barbie n. BARBIE，芭比娃娃
throw on 匆匆穿上；套上

30
"And mum -- this haircut. Why?"
“还有，妈妈，为啥给我整这个发型？”

31
The worst haircut, I think. Still terrible.
现在看来，我认为这也是最糟糕的发型。

32
As a "why" kid, I thought I could change the world, and it was impossible to convince me otherwise.
作为一个问题小孩，我认为我能够改变世界，这个想法无论如何都不会被动摇。

33
And when I was 12 and in my first year of high school, I started raising money for communities in the developing world.
在我12岁上高中一年级的时候，我开始为发展中国家的社区捐钱。

34
We were a really enthusiastic group of kids, and we raised more money than any other school in Australia.
我们真是一群有激情的孩子，我们比澳大利亚的任何一个学校捐的钱都多。

35
And so I was awarded the chance to go to the Philippines to learn more.
所以我得到了一个去菲律宾学习的奖励。

36
It was 1998. We were taken into a slum in the outskirts of Manila.
这是1998年，我们被带到了马尼拉郊区的贫民窟里。
slum n. 贫民窟；（不宜居住的）房屋；脏乱的地方
outskirt n. 郊区，市郊
Manila n. 马尼拉（菲律宾首都）

37
It was there I became friends with Sonny Boy, who lived on what was literally a pile of steaming garbage.
就是在那里我和桑尼男孩成为了好朋友，他简直是住在一堆冒着热气的垃圾堆上。
literally adv. 照字面地；逐字地；不夸张地；正确地；简直

38
"Smoky Mountain" was what they called it.
它们称之为“烟雾山”。

39
But don't let the romance of that name fool you,
但是不要让这个名字的浪漫骗了你。

40
because it was nothing more than a rancid landfill that kids like Sonny Boy spent hours rummaging through every single day to find something, anything of value.
因为这里除了腐臭的垃圾堆什么也没有，像桑尼男孩这样的小孩每一天都要花数小时在这里翻找任何有价值的东西。
rancid adj. 腐臭的；令人作呕的，讨厌的
landfill n. 垃圾填埋地；垃圾堆
rummage vt. 检查；搜出；仔细搜查；翻找出

41
That night with Sonny Boy and his family changed my life forever,
和桑尼男孩以及他家人的一晚改变了我的人生。

42
because when it came time to go to sleep, we simply laid down on this concrete slab the size of half my bedroom with myself, Sonny Boy, and the rest of his family,
因为到了睡觉的时候，我们只是躺在一个只有我卧室一半大小的混凝土地板上，这里躺着我，桑尼男孩和他家的其余人。
concrete adj. 混凝土的；实在的，具体的；有形的
slab n. 厚板，平板；混凝土路面；厚片

43
seven of us in this long line, with the smell of rubbish all around us and cockroaches crawling all around.
我们7个躺成一条线，周围充满了垃圾的气味以及到处爬的蟑螂。
cockroach = roach n. [昆] 蟑螂
crawl vt. 爬行；缓慢地行进

44
And I didn't sleep a wink, but I lay awake thinking to myself, "Why should anyone have to live like this when I have so much?
我一夜没合眼，我睁着眼躺在地上思考：为什么有人要遭受这些而我却拥有太多？
sleep a wink 合眼；睡着
eg：She had broken up with his boyfriend, so sad of her that she didn't sleep a wink last night.

45
Why should Sonny Boy's ability to live out his dreams be determined by where he's born, or what Warren Buffett called 'the ovarian lottery?'"
为什么桑尼男孩实现梦想的能力要被出身所决定，或者这就是沃伦·巴菲特所说的“卵巢彩票？”
ovarian adj. [解剖] 卵巢的；子房的

46
I just didn't get it, and I needed to understand why.
我想不通，我需要去了解为什么。

47
Now, I only later came to understand that the poverty I'd seen in the Philippines was the result of decisions made or not made, man-made,
直到后来，我才明白，我在菲律宾看到的贫穷是决策与否的结果，是人为的，

48
by a succession of colonial powers and corrupt governments who had anything but the interests of Sonny Boy at heart.
殖民和贪腐的政府对桑尼男孩的压榨所导致的一系列状况。
succession n. 连续；继位；继承权；[生态] 演替
colonial adj. 殖民的，殖民地的；
corrupt adj. 腐败的，贪污的；堕落的
at heart应该是反讽，比如：我可真要谢谢你，呵呵。

49
Sure, they didn't create Smoky Mountain, but they may as well have.
它们没有建造烟雾山，但是它们也可能建造了。
may as well 还是...好；不妨，本句中使用的为直译：可能也。
eg：you will forget these important things a few days later, so you may as well take notes.

50
And if we're to try to help kids like Sonny Boy,
如果我们想要尝试帮助像桑尼男孩一样的小孩，
If+主语+were to +动词原形,与将来事实相反的假设
eg：If I were to follow the wrong method, I would make a big mistake.

51
it wouldn't work just to try to send him a few dollars or to try to clean up the garbage dump on which he lived,
只是给他们一点钱或是尝试清理他们居住地堆积的垃圾是没用的，
dump 投放

52
Because the core of the problem lay elsewhere.
因为这个核心问题不在这里。

53
And as I worked on community development projects over the coming years trying to help build schools, train teachers, and tackle HIV and AIDS,
在过去的几年中，我在社区发展项目部工作，我试图帮助建造学校，培训老师以及处理艾滋病毒和艾滋病。
HIV abbr. 人类免疫缺陷病毒，艾滋病病毒（human immunodeficiency virus）
AIDS abbr. 获得性免疫缺乏综合征；艾滋病（Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome）
over the coming years可以表示“未来的几年里”，也可以表示“在随后的几年里”

54
I came to see that community development should be driven by communities themselves,
我终于明白社区发展应该由社区自己来驱动。
come to see 终于明白
eg：I came to understand that only hard isn't enough, I need to update my brain operating system continuously.

55
And although charity is necessary, it's not sufficient.
尽管慈善很有必要，但是不够。

56
We need to confront these challenges on a global scale and in a systemic way.
我们需要在一个全球性框架中用一个系统的方式去处理这些问题。

57
And the best thing I could do is try to mobilize a large group of citizens back home to insist that our leaders engage in that systemic change.
我最大限度能做的就是尝试动员大批的世界公民回去，坚持让我们的领导者投身于那个系统性变化。

58
That's why, a few years later, I joined with a group of college friends in bringing the Make Poverty History campaign to Australia.
这就是为什么几年后，我和一群大学朋友把“让贫困成为历史”运动带到澳大利亚。
join sb in(doing) sth 与某人一起做某事

59
We had this dream of staging this small concert around the time of the G20 with local Aussie artists,
我们梦想着在G20期间与当地澳洲艺术家举办这个小型音乐会。
Aussie = Australian n. 澳洲人；澳大利亚人

60
and it suddenly exploded one day when we got a phone call from Bono, the Edge and Pearl Jam, who all agreed to headline our concert.
当有一天我们接到了来自Bono， the Edge和Pearl Jam电话，他们都同意C位出席我们的音乐会时，这活动突然燃起来了。

Bono

the Edge

Pearl Jam

61
I got a little bit excited that day, as you can see.
如你所看，我那天有点小激动。

62
But to our amazement, the Australian government heard our collective voices,
但是让我们震惊的是，澳大利亚政府听到了我们集体的声音，

63
And they agreed to double investment into global health development.
他们同意增加一倍投资到全球健康发展中。

64
-- an additional 6.2 billion dollars. It felt like --
额外的62亿美金。这就像 --

65
It felt like this incredible validation.
这就像个难以置信的认可。

66
By rallying citizens together, we helped persuade our government to do the unthinkable, and act to fix a problem miles outside of our borders.
通过将公民聚在一起，我们帮助劝说我们的政府去做这个不可思议的事，并采取行动去处理远在我们国界外的事。
rally v. 召集；（军队）重新集合；复原

L7-U3-P1: Being a Global Citizen 3

67
But here's the thing: it didn't last.
但是有个问题：这不持久。

68
See, there was a change in government, and six years later, all that new money disappeared.
政府换人了，6年后，所有的项目款都被取消了。
new money [金融] 新货币；新增款项；新注入的资金；暴发户

69
What did we learn?
这给了我们什么启示？

70
We learned that one-off spikes are not enough.
我们意识到了三分钟热度是不够的。
one-off adj. 一次性的
spike n. 长钉，道钉；钉鞋；细高跟；峰值
eg：Could you behave more stable, you are always in an one-off spikes。

71
We needed a sustainable movement,not one that is susceptible to the fluctuating
moods of a politician or the hint of an economic downturn.
我们需要一个可持续发展的行动，而不易受政治家情绪或是经济下跌的影响。
sustainable adj. 可以忍受的；足可支撑的；养得起的；可持续的
susceptible adj. 易受影响的；易感动的；容许…的
fluctuate vt. 使波动；使动摇
hint vt. 暗示；示意
eg：Learning is a sustainable behaviour, not one that is susceptible to the fluctuating moods of one's emotion or the hint of some discouraged words.

72
And it needed to happen everywhere;
而且这需要遍地开花。

73
otherwise, every individual government would have this built-in excuse mechanism that they couldn't possibly carry the burden of global action alone.
否则，每个政府都会有这个固定的借口机制 -- 他们不可能独自扛起全球行动的负担。
built-in adj. 嵌入的；固定的
eg：Don't always say that you can't, otherwise, you would have this built-in excuse mechanism that you couldn't carry the burden of any responsibilities.

74
And so this is what we embarked upon.
所以这就是我们所从事的。
embark opon 从事，着手，开始
embark v. 上船（或飞机）；（使）上船（或登记）；从事
eg：I think act as an teacher is the prefect profession that I want to embark upon.

75
And as we embarked upon this challenge.
当我们应对这些挑战时。

76
we asked ourselves, how do we gain enough pressure and build a broad enough army to win these fights for the long term?
我们问自己：我们怎样才能获得足够的压力然后打造一支足够广的队伍去赢得那些长期的战役？

77
We could only think of one way.
我们只能想到一种方法。

78
We needed to somehow turn that short-term excitement of people involved with the Make Poverty History campaign into long-term passion.
我们需要把“让贫穷成为历史”活动中人们短期的兴奋转变为长期的热情。
eg：The police needed to turn the confession of people involved with that murder into sworn evidence.

79
It had to be part of their identity.
这需要成为他们身份的一部分。

80
So in 2012, we cofounded an organization that had exactly that as its goal.
所以在2012，我们共同创立了一个组织，就以这个为目标。

81
And there was only one name for it: Global Citizen.
它只有一个名字：世界公民。

82
But this is not about anyone organization.
但这不是关于任何人的组织。

83
This is about citizens taking action.
这是关于行动的人的组织。

84
And research data tells us that of the total population who even care about global issues,
研究数据告诉我们，关注全球问题的全部人口中，

85
only 18 percent have done anything about it.
只有18%为此做过些什么。

86
It's not that people don't want to act.
不是人们不想有作为。

87
It's often that they don't know how to take action, or that they believe that their actions will have no effect.
通常是他们不知道如何去行动，或者他们认为他们的行动没什么作用。

88
So we had to somehow recruit and activate millions of citizens in dozens of countries to put pressure on their leaders to behave altruistically.
所以我们必须招募并且激活数十个国家数百万的公民去给他们领导压力，让他们变得无私。
dozens of 几十；许多
altruistically adv. 利他地；无私地

89
And as we did so, we discovered something really thrilling.
当我们这么做的时候，我们发现了一些很震惊的事情。

90
that when you make global citizenship your mission, you suddenly find yourself with some extraordinary allies.
当你把全球公民作为你的使命时，你突然发现你有很多优秀的同类。

91
See, extreme poverty isn't the only issue that's fundamentally global.
看吧，极端贫穷不是唯一的全球性问题。

92
So, too, is climate change, human rights, gender equality, even conflict.
同样的还有气候变化，人权，性别不平等，甚至战争。

93
We found ourselves shoulder to shoulder with people who are passionate about targeting all these interrelated issues.
我们发现我们和其他投身于相关问题的人肩并肩。
eg：When you are striving, you will suddently find yourself shoulder to shoulder with people who are living life in a positive way.

94
But how did we actually go about recruiting and engaging those global citizens?
但是我们怎样才能招募以及吸引那些世界公民？

95
Well, we used the universal language: music.
我们使用的是通用语言：音乐。

96
We launched the Global Citizen Festival in the heart of New York City in Central Park,
我们在纽约市中心的中央公园举办了这个世界公民节。
in the heart of 在…中央

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and we persuaded some of the world's biggest artists to participate.
我们说服了一些世界顶级的艺术家来参加。

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We made sure that these festivals coincided with the UN General Assembly meeting,
我们确保了那些节目与联合国大会公共举办。
UN General Assembly = United Nation General Assembly 联合国大会

99
so that leaders who need to hear our voices couldn't possiblely ignore them.
这样的话，需要聆听到我们声音的领导们就不可能忽略他们。

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But there was a twist: you couldn't buy a ticket.
但是有一点不同：你无法买到一张票。
eg：For him, resignation was another life twist.

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You had to earn it.
你需要挣到它。

Make Poverty History

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You had to take action on behalf of a global cause, and only once you'd done that could you earn enough points to qualify.
你需要代表全球性事业去行动，只有你做了那些，你才能获得足够的分数拿到门票。
on behalf of 代表；为了
我进去这个网站操作体验了一番：

第一步：用谷歌或Facebook账号登陆，然后答题挣积分（知识问答或转发推特之类的）

第二步：答了几题后，注册成功

第三步：25积分可以在这个网站兑换每年一度的节目门票

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Activism is the currency.
行动就是货币。
activism n. 行动主义；激进主义

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I had no interest in citizenship purely as some sort of feel-good thing.
我对于纯粹为了一些感觉不错的事而当公民没兴趣。

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For me, citizenship means you have to act, and that's what we required.
对我而言，公民意味着你必须去行动，这也是我们要求的。

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And amazingly, it worked.
令人惊讶的是，它成功了。

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Last year, more than 155,000 citizens in the New York area alone earned enough points to qualify.
去年，单单是纽约市这片就有超过155,000个公民挣到了足够的分数。

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Globally, we've now signed up citizens in over 150 countries around the world.
在全球范围，我们已经为超过150多个国家的公民注册了。

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And last year, we signed up more than 100,000 new members each and every week of the whole year.
去年，我们一整年每周都有超过100,000新成员注册。

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See, we don't need to create global citizens from nothing.
看吧，我们不需要凭空创造世界公民。

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We are already everywhere.
我们早已无处不在。

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We just need to be organized and motivated to start acting.
我们只是需要被组织和激活去开始行动。

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And this is where I believe we can learn a lot from Davinia, who started taking action as a global citizen back in 2012.
这就是我认为我们能从Davinia身上学到很多的地方，她在2012年就开始以世界公民身份行动了。

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Here's what she did.
下面是她做的事。

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It wasn't rocket science.
这不是多么高深的东西。

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She started writing letters, emailing politicians' offices.
她开始写信，给政治家们的办公室发电子邮件。

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She volunteered her time in her local community.
她自愿把时间奉献给当地社区。

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That's when she got active on social media and started to collect pennies -- a lot of pennies.
这时她正活跃在社交媒体上，开始收集硬币 -- 硬币还不少。

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Now, maybe that doesn't sound like a lot to you.
或许这点钱对你来说不算什么。

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How will that achieve anything?
这点钱能干啥？

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Well, it achieved a lot because she wasn't alone.
但是这点钱实现了不少事，因为她并不孤独。

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Her actions, alongside 142,000 other global citizens, led the US government to double their investment into Global Partnership for Education.
她的行动，伴随着其他142,000位世界公民，促使美国政府将对全球教育合作组织的投资增加了一倍。
Global Partnership for Education 全球教育合作组织

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And here's Dr. Raj Shah, the head of USAID, making that announcement.
这是美国国际开发署署长拉吉·沙阿博士宣布的消息。

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See, when thousands of global citizens find inspiration from each other, it's amazing to see their collective power.
瞧，当成千上万的世界公民从彼此身上找到鼓励，他们集体的力量会多么惊人。

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Global citizens like Davinia helped persuade the World Bank to boost their investment into water and sanitation.
像Davinia一样的世界公民帮助劝说了世界银行去增加了他们的投资在水资源和环境卫生方面。
sanitation n. [医] 环境卫生；卫生设备；下水道设施

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Here's the Bank's president Jim Kim announcing 15 billion dollars onstage at Global Citizen,
这是世界银行董事Jim Kim在世界公民舞台上宣布投资150亿美金。
onstage adj. 台上的，演出的

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and Prime Minister Modi of India affirmed his commitment to put a toilet in every household and school across India by 2019.
印度总理莫迪重申了他的承诺，要在2019年之前让印度每个家庭和学校都用上厕所。
affirm vt. 肯定；断言

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Global citizens encouraged by the late-night host Stephen Colbert launched a Twitter invasion on Norway.
在深夜节目主持人斯蒂芬·科尔伯特的鼓励下，，世界公民们发起了一个在挪威刷屏的推文。
invasion n. 入侵，侵略；侵袭；侵犯

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Erna Solberg, the country's Prime Minister, got the message, committing to double investment into girls' education.
挪威的首相Erna Solberg收到了这个信息，承诺增加一倍投资在女孩教育上。

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Global citizens together with Rotarians called on the Canadian, UK, and Australian governments to boost their investment into polio eradication.
世界公民们联合扶轮社一起号召加拿大，英国以及澳大利亚政府去增加他们在消除小儿麻痹上的投资。
polio n. 小儿麻痹症（等于poliomyelitis）；脊髓灰质炎
eradication n. 消灭，扑灭；根除

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They got together and committed 665 million dollars.
他们承诺共同拿出6.65亿美金

L7-U3-P1: Being a Global Citizen 4

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But despite all of this momentum, we face some huge challenges.
尽管势头十足，我们依然面对一些巨大挑战。

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See, you might be thinking to yourself, how can we possibly persuade world leaders to sustain a focus on global issues?
你或许尝试思考，我们怎样才能说服各国领导去对世界问题保持关注呢？

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Indeed, the powerful American politician Tip O'Neill once said, "All politics is local."
事实上，这个强大的美国政客Tip O'Neill曾说：“所有政治都是地方性的。”

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That's what always got politicians elected:
这就是为什么政客总能当选：

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to seek, gain and hold onto power through the pursuit of local or at very best national interests.
通过追求地方或最好的国家利益来寻求、获得和保持权力。

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I experienced this for the first time when I was 21 years old.
我第一次经历这些是在我21岁时。

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I took a meeting with a then-Australian Foreign Minister who shall remain nameless --
我和当时的澳大利亚外交部长有个会议，名字不提也罢 --

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And behind closed doors, I shared with him my passion to end extreme poverty. I said, "Minister --
会议散后，我和他分享了我解决极端贫困的热请，我说：“部长 --

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Australia has this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to help achieve the Millennium Development Goals. We can do this."
澳大利亚有这个千载难逢的机会来帮助实现千年发展计划。我们能做到。”

141
And he paused, looked down on me with cold, dismissive eyes, and he said, "Hugh, no one gives a funk about foreign aid."
他停下来，用非常冷淡和鄙视的眼光俯看向我，然后说：“休，没人关心别人的破事。”
dismissive adj. 轻蔑的，鄙视的，不加考虑的，不屑一顾的

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Except he didn't use the word "funk."
除了他没使用“funk”这个词。
这里有两个解释：
1.这个外交部长说的是fuck，作者为了避免当众说脏话，用funk替代了；
2.funk是演讲者加的，其实是想说fuck。

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He went on. He said we need to look after our own backyard first.
他继续说道我们应该先管好自己。

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This is, I believe, outdated, even dangerous thinking.
我认为这是过时的，甚至危险的想法。

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Or as my late grandfather would say, complete BS.
或如同我曾祖父说的，大傻冒。
BS = bull shit

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Parochialism offers this false dichotomy because it pits the poor in one country against the poor in another.
狭隘的思想提出了这样一个错误的一刀切方法，它使一个国家的穷人与另一个国家的穷人相对立。
parochialism n. 偏狭，狭隘；教区制度；乡土观念；眼界狭小
dichotomy n. 二分法；两分；分裂；双歧分枝
pit sth against sth 使势不两立
eg：If governments were too passive, it wouold pit them against the people.

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It pretends we can isolate ourselves and our nations from one another.
它假设我们能够把自己和国家与外界隔离起来。

148
The whole world is our backyard, and we ignore it at our peril.
整个世界就是我们的后花园，忽视它后果将自负。
peril n. 危险；冒险
at our peril 自负后果
eg：Be careless at our peril.

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See, look what happened when we ignored Rwanda, when we ignore Syria, when we ignore climate change.
看吧，看下当我们忽视了卢旺达，忽视了叙利亚，忽视了气候变化后，会发生什么。

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Political leaders ought to give a "funk" because the impact of climate change and extreme poverty comes right to our shore.
政治领导们该醒醒了，因为气候变化和极端贫穷的影响就发生在我们身边。

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Now, global citizens -- they understand this.
而世界公民明白这些。

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We live in a time that favors the global citizen, in an age where every single voice can be heard.
我们生活在一个青睐世界公民，每一种声音都能被听到的时代。

153
See, do you remember when the Millennium Development Goals were signed back in the year 2000?
你们还记得当千年发展计划在2000年被签署的时候吗？

154
The most we could do in those days was fire off a letter and wait for the next election.
我们在那时候能做的就是发一封信然后等待下一个选举。
fire off 升火，发射；熄火

155
There was no social media.
当时没有社交网络。

156
Today, billions of citizens have more tools, more access to information, more capacity to influence than ever before.
今天，数十亿人有更好的工具，更好的信息渠道，比以前更能影响世界。

157
Both the problems and the tools to solve them are right before us.
问题和解决办法就在我们面前。

158
The world has changed, and those of us who look beyond our borders are on the right side of history.
世界已变，而我们中那些跨越国界的人就站在历史的正确一侧。

159
So where are we?
所以我们现况如何？

160
So we run this amazing festival, we've scored some big policy wins, and citizens are signing up all over the world.
所以我们举办了这个令人惊叹的节日，我们取得了一些重大的政策胜利，全世界的公民都在报名。

161
But have we achieved our mission?
但是我们赢得胜利了吗？

162
No. We have such a long way to go.
不，我们还任重而道远。

163
But this is the opportunity that I see.
但这就是我看到的机会。

164
The concept of global citizenship, self-evident in its logic but until now impractical in many ways,
世界公民的概念，在逻辑上不证自明，但是直到现在在许多方面还不成熟。

165
has coincided with this particular moment in which we are privileged to live.
正好与我们有幸生活的这个特殊时刻相吻合。
be priileged to do sth 做某事是荣幸的

166
We, as global citizens, now have a unique opportunity to accelerate large-scale positive change around the world.
作为全球公民，我们现在有一个独特的机会来加速世界各地的大规模积极变革。

167
So in the months and years ahead,
在未来的岁月里。
ahead用在这里，表示未来的几个月或几年。

168
global citizens will hold world leaders accountable to ensure that the new Global Goals for Sustainable Development are tracked and implemented.
全球公民将要求世界领导人承担责任，去确保新的可持续发展全球性目标被追踪和执行。

169
Global citizens will partner with the world's leading NGOs to end diseases like polio and malaria.
全球公民将与世界领先的非政府组织合作，以终结小儿麻痹和疟疾等疾病。

170
Global citizens will sign up in every corner of this globe, increasing the frequency, quality and impact of their actions.
世界公民会存在于世界每个角落，增加行动的频率，质量和影响。

171
these dreams are within reach.
那些梦想触手可及。

172
Imagine an army of millions growing into tens of millions, connected, informed, engaged and unwilling to take no for an answer.
想象一下数百万的队伍成长为几千万，同气连枝，相互吸引，绝不接受“不”。

173
Over all these years, I've tried to reconnect with Sonny Boy.
这么多年来，我一直试着和桑尼男孩重新建立联系。

后面演讲者还是找到了桑尼男孩

他俩的合影

174
Sadly, I've been unable to.
遗憾的是，我没能做到。

175
We met long before social media, and his address has now been relocated by the authorities, as often happens with slums.
我们在社交媒体出现之前很久就见过面了，他的地址现在已经被当局转移了，就像贫民窟里经常发生的那样。

176
I'd love to sit down with him, wherever he is, and share with him how much the time I spent on Smoky Mountain inspired me.
无论他在哪里，我都愿意和他坐下来，和他分享我在烟雾山的经历有多么地激励我。

177
Thanks to him and so many others, I came to understand the importance of being part of a movement of people
感谢他和其他许多人，我开始理解成为行动的人的一部分有多么重要。

178
-- the kids willing to look up from their screens and out to the world, the global citizens.
孩子们愿意通过屏幕看到外面的世界以及世界公民。

179
Global citizens who stand together, who ask the question "Why?," who reject the naysayers,
世界公民会在一起，会问“为什么？”，会拒绝成为否定者。
naysayer 摇头族（指那些说某事成不了、经常否定、拒绝或者反对一些事情的人）

180
and embrace the amazing possibilities of the world we share.
拥抱我们共有的这个世界的无限可能。

181
I'm a global citizen, are you?
我是一名世界公民，你呢？

182
Thank you.
感谢。