[Node.js基础]学习①①--处理URL

http://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/001434446689867b27157e896e74d51a89c25cc8b43bdb3000/001471133885340dad9058705804899b1cc2d0a10e7dc80000

koa-router

引入koa-router这个middleware,让它负责处理URL映射。

在package.json中添加依赖项:

注意加逗号,

"koa-router": "7.0.0"

命令行

npm install
‘use strict’;
const Koa = require('koa');

// 注意require('koa-router')返回的是函数:
const router = require('koa-router')();

const app = new Koa();

// log request URL:
app.use(async (ctx, next) => {
    console.log(`Process ${ctx.request.method} ${ctx.request.url}...`);
    await next();
});

// add url-route:
router.get('/hello/:name', async (ctx, next) => {
    var name = ctx.params.name;
    ctx.response.body = `<h1>Hello, ${name}!</h1>`;
});

router.get('/', async (ctx, next) => {
    ctx.response.body = '<h1>Index</h1>';
});

// add router middleware:
app.use(router.routes());

app.listen(3000);
console.log('app started at port 3000...');
()是函数调用:
const router = require('koa-router')();

相当于

const fn_router = require('koa-router');
const router = fn_router();

运行app.js

输入首页:http://localhost:3000/

Paste_Image.png

http://localhost:3000/hello/koa

Paste_Image.png

处理post请求

koa-bodyparser

解析原始request请求,然后,把解析后的参数,绑定到ctx.request.body中。

"koa-bodyparser": "3.2.0"
const bodyParser = require('koa-bodyparser');
app.use(bodyParser());    //app.use(router.routes());前调用
'use strict';

const Koa = require('koa');

const router = require('koa-router')();

const bodyParser = require('koa-bodyparser');

const app = new Koa();

app.use(async (ctx, next) => {
    console.log(`Process ${ctx.request.method} ${ctx.request.url}....`);
    await next();
});

router.get('/', async (ctx, next) => {
    ctx.response.body = `<h1>Index</h1>
        <form action="/signin" method="post">
            <p>Name: <input name="name" value="koa"></p>
            <p>Password: <input name="password" type="password"></p>
            <p><input type="submit" value="Submit"></p>
        </form>`;
});

router.post('/signin', async (ctx, next) => {
    var
        name = ctx.request.body.name || '',
        password = ctx.request.body.password || '';
    console.log(`signin with name: ${name}, password: ${password}`);
    if (name === 'koa' && password === '12345') {
        ctx.response.body = `<h1>Welcome, ${name}!</h1>`;
    } else {
        ctx.response.body = `<h1>Login failed!</h1>
        <p><a href="/">Try again</a></p>`;
    }
});



app.use(bodyParser());
app.use(router.routes());
app.listen(3000);

console.log('app started at port 3000');

url-koa

package.json

{
    "name": "url-koa",
    "version": "1.0.0",
    "description": "koa2 example with url route",
    "main": "app.js",
    "scripts": {
        "start": "node --use_strict app.js"
    },
    "keywords": [
        "koa",
        "async"
    ],
    "author": "Michael Liao",
    "license": "Apache-2.0",
    "repository": {
        "type": "git",
        "url": "https://github.com/michaelliao/learn-javascript.git"
    },
    "dependencies": {
        "koa": "2.0.0",
        "koa-bodyparser": "3.2.0",
        "koa-router": "7.0.0"
    }
}

app.js

const Koa = require('koa');

const bodyParser = require('koa-bodyparser');

const router = require('koa-router')();

const app = new Koa();

// log request URL:
app.use(async (ctx, next) => {
    console.log(`Process ${ctx.request.method} ${ctx.request.url}...`);
    await next();
});

// parse request body:
app.use(bodyParser());

// add url-route:
router.get('/hello/:name', async (ctx, next) => {
    var name = ctx.params.name;
    ctx.response.body = `<h1>Hello, ${name}!</h1>`;
});

router.get('/', async (ctx, next) => {
    ctx.response.body = `<h1>Index</h1>
        <form action="/signin" method="post">
            <p>Name: <input name="name" value="koa"></p>
            <p>Password: <input name="password" type="password"></p>
            <p><input type="submit" value="Submit"></p>
        </form>`;
});

router.post('/signin', async (ctx, next) => {
    var
        name = ctx.request.body.name || '',
        password = ctx.request.body.password || '';
    console.log(`signin with name: ${name}, password: ${password}`);
    if (name === 'koa' && password === '12345') {
        ctx.response.body = `<h1>Welcome, ${name}!</h1>`;
    } else {
        ctx.response.body = `<h1>Login failed!</h1>
        <p><a href="/">Try again</a></p>`;
    }
});

// add router middleware:
app.use(router.routes());

app.listen(3000);
console.log('app started at port 3000...');

url2-koa

package.json

{
    "name": "url2-koa",
    "version": "1.0.0",
    "description": "koa 2 example with url route",
    "main": "app.js",
    "scripts": {
        "start": "node --use_strict app.js"
    },
    "keywords": [
        "koa",
        "async"
    ],
    "author": "Michael Liao",
    "license": "Apache-2.0",
    "repository": {
        "type": "git",
        "url": "https://github.com/michaelliao/learn-javascript.git"
    },
    "dependencies": {
        "koa": "2.0.0",
        "koa-bodyparser": "3.2.0",
        "koa-router": "7.0.0"
    }
}

controllers

hello.js

var fn_hello = async (ctx, next) => {
    var name = ctx.params.name;
    ctx.response.body = `<h1>Hello, ${name}!</h1>`;
};

module.exports = {
    'GET /hello/:name': fn_hello
};

index.js

var fn_index = async (ctx, next) => {
    ctx.response.body = `<h1>Index</h1>
        <form action="/signin" method="post">
            <p>Name: <input name="name" value="koa"></p>
            <p>Password: <input name="password" type="password"></p>
            <p><input type="submit" value="Submit"></p>
        </form>`;
};

var fn_signin = async (ctx, next) => {
    var
        name = ctx.request.body.name || '',
        password = ctx.request.body.password || '';
    console.log(`signin with name: ${name}, password: ${password}`);
    if (name === 'koa' && password === '12345') {
        ctx.response.body = `<h1>Welcome, ${name}!</h1>`;
    } else {
        ctx.response.body = `<h1>Login failed!</h1>
        <p><a href="/">Try again</a></p>`;
    }
};

module.exports = {
    'GET /': fn_index,
    'POST /signin': fn_signin
};

controller.js


const fs = require('fs');

// add url-route in /controllers:

function addMapping(router, mapping) {
    for (var url in mapping) {
        if (url.startsWith('GET ')) {
            var path = url.substring(4);
            router.get(path, mapping[url]);
            console.log(`register URL mapping: GET ${path}`);
        } else if (url.startsWith('POST ')) {
            var path = url.substring(5);
            router.post(path, mapping[url]);
            console.log(`register URL mapping: POST ${path}`);
        } else if (url.startsWith('PUT ')) {
            var path = url.substring(4);
            router.put(path, mapping[url]);
            console.log(`register URL mapping: PUT ${path}`);
        } else if (url.startsWith('DELETE ')) {
            var path = url.substring(7);
            router.del(path, mapping[url]);
            console.log(`register URL mapping: DELETE ${path}`);
        } else {
            console.log(`invalid URL: ${url}`);
        }
    }
}

function addControllers(router, dir) {
    fs.readdirSync(__dirname + '/' + dir).filter((f) => {
        return f.endsWith('.js');
    }).forEach((f) => {
        console.log(`process controller: ${f}...`);
        let mapping = require(__dirname + '/' + dir + '/' + f);
        addMapping(router, mapping);
    });
}

module.exports = function (dir) {
    let
        controllers_dir = dir || 'controllers',
        router = require('koa-router')();
    addControllers(router, controllers_dir);
    return router.routes();
};

app.js

const Koa = require('koa');

const bodyParser = require('koa-bodyparser');

const controller = require('./controller');

const app = new Koa();

// log request URL:
app.use(async (ctx, next) => {
    console.log(`Process ${ctx.request.method} ${ctx.request.url}...`);
    await next();
});

// parse request body:
app.use(bodyParser());

// add controllers:
app.use(controller());

app.listen(3000);
console.log('app started at port 3000...');

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