Scrapy 爬虫实战-爬取字幕库

1.首先，创建Scrapy框架

创建工程
scrapy startproject zimuku

创建爬虫程序
cd zimuku
scrapy genspider zimu zimuku.cn

如图：

snipaste_20181110_074005.png

snipaste_20181110_074302.png

我们会发现所有的框架以及模板都已经创建好了，
依次给大家看看：

zimu.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy


class ZimuSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'zimu'
    allowed_domains = ['zimuku.cn']
    start_urls = ['http://zimuku.cn/']

    def parse(self, response):
        pass

items.py
 -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy


class ZimukuItem(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    # name = scrapy.Field()
    pass

pipelines.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html


class ZimukuPipeline(object):
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        return item

这是三个比较重要，其他的我先不一一列举了。
接下来，我们要进行分析网页了

2.网页分析

snipaste_20181110_074858.png

我们的目的是把这个内容保存下来，因为Scrapy框架自带一下工具，所以我们就用xpath来做内容匹配。
提取红框的内容的xpath语句为：/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[1]/a/b/text()

3.编写代码
（1）首先编写items.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy


class ZimukuItem(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    # name = scrapy.Field()
    #要爬取的内容定义
    text = scrapy.Field()

(2)编写zimu.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
#需要把items中的类导进来
import zimuku.items import ZimukuItem

class ZimuSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'zimu'
    allowed_domains = ['zimuku.cn']
    start_urls = ['http://zimuku.cn/']

    def parse(self, response):
        '''
        :param response: 解析网页返回的内容
        :return: 
        '''
        name = response.xpath("/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[1]/a/b/text()")
        item = {}
        item['text'] = name
        yield item

(3)编写piplines(处理爬到的内容的)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html


class ZimukuPipeline(object):
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        with open("F:\\python\\1.txt", 'a') as fp:
            fp.write(str(item['text']))
        print(item['text'])

（4）settings.py

#通过配置告诉Scrapy明白是谁来处理结果
ITEM_PIPELINES={'zimuku.pipelines.ZimukuPipeline':300,}

(5)运行

#不打印日志
scrapy crawl zimu --nolog
#打印日志
scrapy crawl meiju 

建议最好打印日志，不然有些错误不会发现，除了问题还不知道出在哪块

snipaste_20181110_094710.png

我们会发现运行成功了，我们再看看文件是否保存成功

snipaste_20181110_094749.png

OK！！！终于成功了。
这篇Scrapy是一步一步做的，对自己还是入门的朋友都是不错的参考。