参考了官网指南和网络经验https://github.com/home-assistant/supervised-installer
更新系统源至清华源
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak #备份源文件
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list #编辑源列表
清空文件后，填入以下内容，系统版本为最新树莓派系统（Raspberry Pi4 64bit Bullseye）
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
Ctrl+O 写入 Enter确认 Ctrl+X退出
更换系统源至国内清华源
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list.bak
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list
替换成以下内容
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/raspberrypi/ bullseye main
编辑Python-pip来源列表
sudo nano /etc/pip.conf #编辑PIP来源列表
清空文件后，填入以下内容：
[global]
extra-index-url=https://www.piwheels.org/simple
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Ctrl+O 写入 Enter确认 Ctrl+X退出
升级系统渠道源
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
安装爬虫常用包
sudo pip install selenium
sudo pip install pillow
sudo pip install opencv-python
sudo pip install onnxruntime
sudo apt-get install chromium-chromedriver
更换GitHub Hosts,加速操作
sudo nano /etc/hosts
从最后一行加入以下内容
185.199.108.154 github.githubassets.com
140.82.112.21 central.github.com
185.199.108.133 desktop.githubusercontent.com
185.199.108.153 assets-cdn.github.com
185.199.108.133 camo.githubusercontent.com
185.199.108.133 github.map.fastly.net
199.232.69.194 github.global.ssl.fastly.net
140.82.113.4 gist.github.com
185.199.108.153 github.io
140.82.114.3 github.com
140.82.113.6 api.github.com
185.199.108.133 raw.githubusercontent.com
185.199.108.133 user-images.githubusercontent.com
185.199.108.133 favicons.githubusercontent.com
185.199.108.133 avatars5.githubusercontent.com
185.199.108.133 avatars4.githubusercontent.com
185.199.108.133 avatars3.githubusercontent.com
185.199.108.133 avatars2.githubusercontent.com
185.199.108.133 avatars1.githubusercontent.com
185.199.108.133 avatars0.githubusercontent.com
185.199.108.133 avatars.githubusercontent.com
140.82.112.10 codeload.github.com
52.217.161.249 github-cloud.s3.amazonaws.com
52.217.229.65 github-com.s3.amazonaws.com
52.217.96.28 github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com
52.217.77.92 github-production-user-asset-6210df.s3.amazonaws.com
52.217.172.9 github-production-repository-file-5c1aeb.s3.amazonaws.com
185.199.108.153 githubstatus.com
64.71.144.202 github.community
185.199.108.133 media.githubusercontent.com
Ctrl+O 写入 Enter确认 Ctrl+X退出
安装Home Assistant Core
先确认你的Python是3.9以上
先安装依赖包
sudo apt-get install -y python3 python3-dev python3-venv python3-pip libffi-dev libssl-dev libjpeg-dev zlib1g-dev autoconf build-essential libopenjp2-7 libtiff5 libturbojpeg0-dev tzdata
创建一个用户名为homeassistant，“-rm”参数给与一个系统账号并且建立一个home文件夹下目录。“-G dialout,gpio,i2c”是为了给账号添加dialout, gpio和i2c用户组，方便操控外围设备。
sudo useradd -rm homeassistant -G dialout,gpio,i2c
我们将创建一个用于安装Home Assistant Core的目录，并将所有者更改为homeassistant帐户。
sudo mkdir /srv/homeassistant
sudo chown homeassistant:homeassistant /srv/homeassistant
接下来是为Home Assistant Core创建并更改为虚拟环境。这将作为homeassistant帐户完成。
sudo -u homeassistant -H -s
cd /srv/homeassistant
python3.9 -m venv .
source bin/activate
激活虚拟环境后（请注意，提示符更改为（homeassistant），接下来的步骤都在homeassistant用户权限下操作
homeassistant@raspberrypi：/srv/homeassistant $）
您将需要运行以下命令来安装所需的Python包。并开始安装Homeassistant Core。
python3 -m pip install wheel
pip3 install homeassistant
安装完成后，控制台输入hass启动运行，Homeassistant Core将开始第一次启动，大概花5-10分钟开始运作，可以访问http://X.X.X.X:8123。
(homeassistant) homeassistant@raspberrypi:/srv/homeassistant $ hass
Unable to find configuration. Creating default one in /home/homeassistant/.homeassistant
接下来，使用（Autostart using system)方法开启HomeAssistant Core开机自启动
1.创建home-assistant@homeassistant.service服务
su pi
sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/home-assistant@homeassistant.service
sudo chmod 555 /etc/systemd/system/home-assistant@homeassistant.service
输入以下内容：
[Unit]
Description=Home Assistant
After=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=homeassistant
WorkingDirectory=/home/homeassistant/.homeassistant
ExecStart=/srv/homeassistant/bin/hass -c "/home/homeassistant/.homeassistant"
RestartForceExitStatus=100
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
下一步重新加载systemd，激活home-assistant@homeassistant服务
sudo systemctl --system daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable home-assistant@homeassistant
激活服务
sudo systemctl start home-assistant@homeassistant
至此，安装HomeAssistant Core完成
开始安装HACS商店
第一步切换到homeassistant用户
sudo su homeassistant
第二部运行安装脚本，如果卡在网络下载，请翻到上面的更改github解析IP.
sudo wget -O - https://get.hacs.xyz | sudo bash -
安装完成后重启系统。
接下来要设置HACS
第一步，点击设置-设备与服务
第二步，点击
第三步，输入HACS
第四步，homeassistant会自动安装依赖包
第五步，全部打钩点submit
第六步，会自动提醒你将设备链接github，这一步不要急着提交，先点击链接打开新登录窗口
第七步，登录github
第八步，复制第六步的代码输入，点击继续
第九步点击授权
第十步，授权成功
第十一步，回到第六步homeassistant界面submit
此时HACS安装设置成功
Homeassistant Core更新
$ sudo systemctl stop home-assistant@homeassistant.service
$ sudo su -s /bin/bash homeassistant
$ source /srv/homeassistant/bin/activate
$ pip3 install --upgrade homeassistant
$ exit
$ sudo systemctl start home-assistant@homeassistant.service
