背景：
centos 7.4
postgresql 10

cat >> /etc/yum.repos.d/pgdg-redhat-all.repo <<EOF

# PGDG Red Hat Enterprise Linux / CentOS stable repositories:

[pgdg12]
name=PostgreSQL 12 for RHEL/CentOS $releasever - $basearch
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/12/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG

[pgdg11]
name=PostgreSQL 11 for RHEL/CentOS $releasever - $basearch
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/11/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG

[pgdg10]
name=PostgreSQL 10 for RHEL/CentOS $releasever - $basearch
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/10/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG


# PGDG for RHEL/CentOS Updates Testing repositories. (These packages should not be used in production)
# Available for 9.6 and above.

[pgdg13-updates-testing]
name=PostgreSQL 13 for RHEL/CentOS $releasever - $basearch - Updates testing
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/testing/13/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG

[pgdg12-updates-testing]
name=PostgreSQL 12 for RHEL/CentOS $releasever - $basearch - Updates testing
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/testing/12/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG

[pgdg11-updates-testing]
name=PostgreSQL 11 for RHEL/CentOS $releasever - $basearch - Updates testing
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/testing/11/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG

[pgdg10-updates-testing]
name=PostgreSQL 10 for RHEL/CentOS $releasever - $basearch - Updates testing
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/testing/10/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG

# Source RPMs (SRPM), and their testing repositories:

[pgdg12-source]
name=PostgreSQL 12 for RHEL/CentOS $releasever - $basearch - Source
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/srpms/12/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG

[pgdg12-source-updates-testing]
name=PostgreSQL 12 for RHEL/CentOS $releasever - $basearch - Source update testing
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/srpms/testing/12/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG

[pgdg11-source]
name=PostgreSQL 11 for RHEL/CentOS $releasever - $basearch - Source
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/srpms/11/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG

[pgdg11-source-updates-testing]
name=PostgreSQL 11 for RHEL/CentOS $releasever - $basearch - Source update testing
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/srpms/testing/11/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG

[pgdg10-source]
name=PostgreSQL 10 for RHEL/CentOS $releasever - $basearch - Source
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/srpms/10/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG

[pgdg10-source-updates-testing]
name=PostgreSQL 10 for RHEL/CentOS $releasever - $basearch - Source update testing
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/srpms/testing/10/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG
EOF

安装

yum install postgresql10 postgresql10-server -y

确认

确认版本