SpringCloud（第 047 篇）注解式Async配置异步任务
一、大致介绍
1、有时候我们在处理一些任务的时候，需要开启线程去异步去处理，原有逻辑继续往下执行；
2、当遇到这种场景的时候，线程是可以将我们完成，然后在SpringCloud中也有这样的注解来支撑异步任务处理；
二、实现步骤
2.1 添加 maven 引用包
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>springms-async</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.springms.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>springms-spring-cloud</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!-- web模块 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2.2 添加应用配置文件（springms-async\src\main\resources\application.yml）
server:
port: 8345
spring:
application:
name: springms-async #全部小写
2.3 添加异步任务类（springms-async\src\main\java\com\springms\cloud\task\AsyncTasks.java）
package com.springms.cloud.task;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncResult;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
/**
* Async实现异步调用。
*
* @author hmilyylimh
*
* @version 0.0.1
*
* @date 2017/10/19
*
*/
@Component
public class AsyncTasks {
public static Random random = new Random();
@Async
public Future<String> doTaskOne() throws Exception {
System.out.println("Async, taskOne, Start...");
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10000));
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("Async, taskOne, End, 耗时: " + (end - start) + "毫秒");
return new AsyncResult<>("AsyncTaskOne Finished");
}
@Async
public Future<String> doTaskTwo() throws Exception {
System.out.println("Async, taskTwo, Start");
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10000));
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("Async, taskTwo, End, 耗时: " + (end - start) + "毫秒");
return new AsyncResult<>("AsyncTaskTwo Finished");
}
@Async
public Future<String> doTaskThree() throws Exception {
System.out.println("Async, taskThree, Start");
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(5000));
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("Async, taskThree, End, 耗时: " + (end - start) + "毫秒");
return new AsyncResult<>("AsyncTaskThree Finished");
}
}
2.4 添加异步任务Web控制器（springms-async\src\main\java\com\springms\cloud\controller\AsyncTaskController.java）
package com.springms.cloud.controller;
import com.springms.cloud.task.AsyncTasks;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
/**
* 测试异步任务Web控制器。
*
* @author hmilyylimh
*
* @version 0.0.1
*
* @date 2017/10/19
*
*/
@RestController
public class AsyncTaskController {
@Autowired
AsyncTasks asyncTasks;
/**
* 测试异步任务。
*
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@GetMapping("/task")
public String task() throws Exception {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
Future<String> task1 = asyncTasks.doTaskOne();
Future<String> task2 = asyncTasks.doTaskTwo();
Future<String> task3 = asyncTasks.doTaskThree();
while(true) {
if(task1.isDone() && task2.isDone() && task3.isDone()) {
// 三个任务都调用完成，退出循环等待
break;
}
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
String result = "任务全部完成，总耗时：" + (end - start) + "毫秒";
return result;
}
}
2.5 添加微服务启动类（springms-schedule\src\main\java\com\springms\cloud\MsScheduleApplication.java）
package com.springms.cloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
/**
* 注解式Async配置异步任务；
*
* @author hmilyylimh
*
* @version 0.0.1
*
* @date 2017/10/19
*
*/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAsync
public class MsAsyncApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MsAsyncApplication.class, args);
System.out.println("【【【【【【 Async异步任务微服务 】】】】】】已启动.");
}
}
三、测试
/****************************************************************************************
一、简单用户链接Mysql数据库微服务（Async实现异步调用）：
1、添加注解 EnableAsync、Async 以及任务类上注解 Component ；
2、启动 springms-async 模块服务，启动1个端口；
3、然后在浏览器输入地址 http://localhost:8345/task 然后等待大约10多秒后，成功打印所有信息，一切正常；
总结：说明 Async 异步任务配置生效了；
****************************************************************************************/
四、下载地址
https://gitee.com/ylimhhmily/SpringCloudTutorial.git
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