近年来，Retrofit非常火，配合Rxjava简直就是Android开发神器，今天谈谈它到底是如何处理注解的。
Retrofit注解分为方法注解和参数注解，具体就不多说。
Retrofit:compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.2.0'
直接进源码
- Retrofit.create
public <T> T create(final Class<T> service) {
Utils.validateServiceInterface(service);
if (validateEagerly) {
eagerlyValidateMethods(service);
}
return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(service.getClassLoader(), new Class<?>[] { service },
new InvocationHandler() {
private final Platform platform = Platform.get();
@Override public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
throws Throwable {
// If the method is a method from Object then defer to normal invocation.
if (method.getDeclaringClass() == Object.class) {
return method.invoke(this, args);
}
if (platform.isDefaultMethod(method)) {
return platform.invokeDefaultMethod(method, service, proxy, args);
}
//此处是重点
ServiceMethod<Object, Object> serviceMethod =
(ServiceMethod<Object, Object>) loadServiceMethod(method);
OkHttpCall<Object> okHttpCall = new OkHttpCall<>(serviceMethod, args);
return serviceMethod.callAdapter.adapt(okHttpCall);
}
});
}
首先看Proxy.newProxyInstance：
try {
return getProxyClass(loader, interfaces)
.getConstructor(InvocationHandler.class)
.newInstance(invocationHandler);
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
cause = e;
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
cause = e;
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
cause = e;
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
cause = e;
}
Proxy实例化就是返回一个InvocationHandler的示例，类似代理模式；
回到上面的代码，Retrofit.create就是创建了一个InvocationHandler，InvocationHandler执行invoke返回ServiceMethod，
注解就是在ServiceMethod中处理的
- ServiceMethod
ServiceMethod是Builder模式，靠内部类Builder实例化
- Builder初始化方法注解、参数注解数组
Builder(Retrofit retrofit, Method method) {
this.retrofit = retrofit;
this.method = method;
this.methodAnnotations = method.getAnnotations();
this.parameterTypes = method.getGenericParameterTypes();
this.parameterAnnotationsArray = method.getParameterAnnotations();
}
- ServiceMethod.Builder.build()
public ServiceMethod build() {
callAdapter = createCallAdapter();
responseType = callAdapter.responseType();
...
responseConverter = createResponseConverter();
for (Annotation annotation : methodAnnotations) {
parseMethodAnnotation(annotation);//方法注解处理
}
....
int parameterCount = parameterAnnotationsArray.length;
parameterHandlers = new ParameterHandler<?>[parameterCount];
for (int p = 0; p < parameterCount; p++) {
Type parameterType = parameterTypes[p];
if (Utils.hasUnresolvableType(parameterType)) {
throw parameterError(p, "Parameter type must not include a type variable or wildcard: %s",
parameterType);
}
Annotation[] parameterAnnotations = parameterAnnotationsArray[p];
......
parameterHandlers[p] = parseParameter(p, parameterType, parameterAnnotations);//参数注解处理
}
.....
return new ServiceMethod<>(this);
}
只看两个方法， parseMethodAnnotation(annotation)和parseParameter，分别处理方法和参数注解
- parseMethodAnnotation方法注解处理
private void parseMethodAnnotation(Annotation annotation) {
if (annotation instanceof DELETE) {
parseHttpMethodAndPath("DELETE", ((DELETE) annotation).value(), false);
} else if (annotation instanceof GET) {
parseHttpMethodAndPath("GET", ((GET) annotation).value(), false);
} else if (annotation instanceof HEAD) {
parseHttpMethodAndPath("HEAD", ((HEAD) annotation).value(), false);
if (!Void.class.equals(responseType)) {
throw methodError("HEAD method must use Void as response type.");
}
} else if (annotation instanceof PATCH) {
parseHttpMethodAndPath("PATCH", ((PATCH) annotation).value(), true);
} else if (annotation instanceof POST) {
parseHttpMethodAndPath("POST", ((POST) annotation).value(), true);
} else if (annotation instanceof PUT) {
parseHttpMethodAndPath("PUT", ((PUT) annotation).value(), true);
} else if (annotation instanceof OPTIONS) {
parseHttpMethodAndPath("OPTIONS", ((OPTIONS) annotation).value(), false);
} else if (annotation instanceof HTTP) {
HTTP http = (HTTP) annotation;
parseHttpMethodAndPath(http.method(), http.path(), http.hasBody());
} else if (annotation instanceof retrofit2.http.Headers) {
String[] headersToParse = ((retrofit2.http.Headers) annotation).value();
if (headersToParse.length == 0) {
throw methodError("@Headers annotation is empty.");
}
headers = parseHeaders(headersToParse);
}
}
方法注解实现 parseHttpMethodAndPath：
赋值httpMethod和relativeUrl，请求方法和url：
private void parseHttpMethodAndPath(String httpMethod, String value, boolean hasBody) {
...
this.httpMethod = httpMethod;
this.hasBody = hasBody;
....
this.relativeUrl = value;
this.relativeUrlParamNames = parsePathParameters(value);
}
看parsePathParameters:
将方法注解值放入Set中
static Set<String> parsePathParameters(String path) {
Matcher m = PARAM_URL_REGEX.matcher(path);
Set<String> patterns = new LinkedHashSet<>();
while (m.find()) {
patterns.add(m.group(1));
}
return patterns;
}
- parseParameter-参数注解处理
循环处理每个注解
private ParameterHandler<?> parseParameter(
int p, Type parameterType, Annotation[] annotations) {
ParameterHandler<?> result = null;
for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
//处理单个注解
ParameterHandler<?> annotationAction = parseParameterAnnotation(
p, parameterType, annotations, annotation);
...
if (result != null) {
throw parameterError(p, "Multiple Retrofit annotations found, only one allowed.");
}
result = annotationAction;
}
...
return result;
}
处理单个注解：
这里我保留了Query，Path，Filed，Body注解的处理，其他注解类似；
private ParameterHandler<?> parseParameterAnnotation(
int p, Type type, Annotation[] annotations, Annotation annotation) {
...
gotUrl = true;
if (type == HttpUrl.class
|| type == String.class
|| type == URI.class
|| (type instanceof Class && "android.net.Uri".equals(((Class<?>) type).getName()))) {
return new ParameterHandler.RelativeUrl();
} else {
throw parameterError(p,
"@Url must be okhttp3.HttpUrl, String, java.net.URI, or android.net.Uri type.");
}
} else if (annotation instanceof Path) {
if (gotQuery) {
...
gotPath = true;
Path path = (Path) annotation;
String name = path.value();
validatePathName(p, name);
Converter<?, String> converter = retrofit.stringConverter(type, annotations);
return new ParameterHandler.Path<>(name, converter, path.encoded());
} else if (annotation instanceof Query) {
Query query = (Query) annotation;
String name = query.value();
boolean encoded = query.encoded();
Class<?> rawParameterType = Utils.getRawType(type);
gotQuery = true;
if (Iterable.class.isAssignableFrom(rawParameterType)) {
if (!(type instanceof ParameterizedType)) {
throw parameterError(p, rawParameterType.getSimpleName()
+ " must include generic type (e.g., "
+ rawParameterType.getSimpleName()
+ "<String>)");
}
ParameterizedType parameterizedType = (ParameterizedType) type;
Type iterableType = Utils.getParameterUpperBound(0, parameterizedType);
Converter<?, String> converter =
retrofit.stringConverter(iterableType, annotations);
return new ParameterHandler.Query<>(name, converter, encoded).iterable();
} else if (rawParameterType.isArray()) {
Class<?> arrayComponentType = boxIfPrimitive(rawParameterType.getComponentType());
Converter<?, String> converter =
retrofit.stringConverter(arrayComponentType, annotations);
return new ParameterHandler.Query<>(name, converter, encoded).array();
} else {
Converter<?, String> converter =
retrofit.stringConverter(type, annotations);
return new ParameterHandler.Query<>(name, converter, encoded);
}
}
...
else if (annotation instanceof Field) {
if (!isFormEncoded) {
throw parameterError(p, "@Field parameters can only be used with form encoding.");
}
Field field = (Field) annotation;
String name = field.value();
boolean encoded = field.encoded();
gotField = true;
Class<?> rawParameterType = Utils.getRawType(type);
if (Iterable.class.isAssignableFrom(rawParameterType)) {
if (!(type instanceof ParameterizedType)) {
throw parameterError(p, rawParameterType.getSimpleName()
+ " must include generic type (e.g., "
+ rawParameterType.getSimpleName()
+ "<String>)");
}
ParameterizedType parameterizedType = (ParameterizedType) type;
Type iterableType = Utils.getParameterUpperBound(0, parameterizedType);
Converter<?, String> converter =
retrofit.stringConverter(iterableType, annotations);
return new ParameterHandler.Field<>(name, converter, encoded).iterable();
} else if (rawParameterType.isArray()) {
Class<?> arrayComponentType = boxIfPrimitive(rawParameterType.getComponentType());
Converter<?, String> converter =
retrofit.stringConverter(arrayComponentType, annotations);
return new ParameterHandler.Field<>(name, converter, encoded).array();
} else {
Converter<?, String> converter =
retrofit.stringConverter(type, annotations);
return new ParameterHandler.Field<>(name, converter, encoded);
}
} ...
...
else if (annotation instanceof Body) {
if (isFormEncoded || isMultipart) {
throw parameterError(p,
"@Body parameters cannot be used with form or multi-part encoding.");
}
if (gotBody) {
throw parameterError(p, "Multiple @Body method annotations found.");
}
Converter<?, RequestBody> converter;
try {
converter = retrofit.requestBodyConverter(type, annotations, methodAnnotations);
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
// Wide exception range because factories are user code.
throw parameterError(e, p, "Unable to create @Body converter for %s", type);
}
gotBody = true;
return new ParameterHandler.Body<>(converter);
}
return null; // Not a Retrofit annotation.
}
该方法针对注解类型，返回不同的ParameterHandler内部类实例，比如ParameterHandler.Body，ParameterHandler.Query。
就说这么多，注解处理流程大概就是这么多。
