Android 系统服务 - PMS 的启动过程

相关文章链接:

1. Android Framework - 学习启动篇
2. Android 系统服务 - PMS 的启动过程

相关源码文件:

frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/PackageManagerService.java
frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/PackageInstallerService.java
frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/Settings.java
frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/SystemConfig
frameworks/base/core/java/android/content/pm/PackageManager.java

frameworks/base/core/android/java/content/pm/IPackageManager.aidl
frameworks/base/core/java/android/content/pm/PackageParser.java
frameworks/base/cmds/pm/src/com/android/commands/pm/Pm.java

frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/Installer.java
frameworks/base/core/java/com/android/internal/os/InstallerConnection.java

PackageManagerService 也是 Android 应用开发者需要重点熟悉的一个服务,也是由 SystemService 进程创建的,管理着所有跟 package 相关的工作,常见的比如安装、卸载应用。我们先找到其启动创建的源代码:

private void startBootstrapServices() {
    // 启动 installer 服务
    Installer installer = mSystemServiceManager.startService(Installer.class);
    ...

    // 处于加密状态则仅仅解析核心应用
    String cryptState = SystemProperties.get("vold.decrypt");
    if (ENCRYPTING_STATE.equals(cryptState)) {
        mOnlyCore = true; // ENCRYPTING_STATE = "trigger_restart_min_framework"
    } else if (ENCRYPTED_STATE.equals(cryptState)) {
        mOnlyCore = true; // ENCRYPTED_STATE = "1"
    }

    // 创建 PKMS 对象 
    mPackageManagerService = PackageManagerService.main(mSystemContext, installer,
                mFactoryTestMode != FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_OFF, mOnlyCore);

    mPackageManager = mSystemContext.getPackageManager();
}

SystemService 进程启动过程中跟 PKMS 相关的有 installer 服务和 PackageManager 对象,我们主要分析他的创建过程也就是 PackageManagerService.main() 方法

    public static PackageManagerService main(Context context, Installer installer,
            boolean factoryTest, boolean onlyCore) {
        // 创建 PackageManagerService 对象
        PackageManagerService m = new PackageManagerService(context, installer,
                factoryTest, onlyCore);
        // 将 PKMS 添加到 ServiceManager 进程去管理
        ServiceManager.addService("package", m);
        return m;
    }
    public PackageManagerService(Context context, Installer installer,
            boolean factoryTest, boolean onlyCore) {
        // 保存一些基本变量
        mContext = context;
        mFactoryTest = factoryTest;
        mOnlyCore = onlyCore;
        // 创建 Settings 对象
        mSettings = new Settings(mPackages);
        // 添加 system, phone, log, nfc, bluetooth, shell 这六种shareUserId到mSettings;
        mSettings.addSharedUserLPw("android.uid.system", Process.SYSTEM_UID,
                ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM, ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_PRIVILEGED);
        mSettings.addSharedUserLPw("android.uid.phone", RADIO_UID,
                ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM, ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_PRIVILEGED);
        mSettings.addSharedUserLPw("android.uid.log", LOG_UID,
                ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM, ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_PRIVILEGED);
        mSettings.addSharedUserLPw("android.uid.nfc", NFC_UID,
                ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM, ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_PRIVILEGED);
        mSettings.addSharedUserLPw("android.uid.bluetooth", BLUETOOTH_UID,
                ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM, ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_PRIVILEGED);
        mSettings.addSharedUserLPw("android.uid.shell", SHELL_UID,
                ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM, ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_PRIVILEGED);

        mInstaller = installer;
        // 用来优化 dex
        mPackageDexOptimizer = new PackageDexOptimizer(this);

        synchronized (mInstallLock) {
        synchronized (mPackages) {
            // 创建名为 “PackageManager” 的 handler 线程
            mHandlerThread = new ServiceThread(TAG,
                    Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND, true /*allowIo*/);
            mHandlerThread.start();
            mHandler = new PackageHandler(mHandlerThread.getLooper());
            Watchdog.getInstance().addThread(mHandler, WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT);
            // 创建各种目录
            File dataDir = Environment.getDataDirectory();
            mAppDataDir = new File(dataDir, "data");
            mAppInstallDir = new File(dataDir, "app");
            mAppLib32InstallDir = new File(dataDir, "app-lib");
            mAsecInternalPath = new File(dataDir, "app-asec").getPath();
            mUserAppDataDir = new File(dataDir, "user");
            mDrmAppPrivateInstallDir = new File(dataDir, "app-private");
            // 创建用户管理服务
            sUserManager = new UserManagerService(context, this,
                    mInstallLock, mPackages);
            // 这个目录为 /system/framework
            File frameworkDir = new File(Environment.getRootDirectory(), "framework");
            // 获取到 frameworkDir 下面的所有文件
            String[] frameworkFiles = frameworkDir.list();
            if (frameworkFiles != null) {
                for (String dexCodeInstructionSet : dexCodeInstructionSets) {
                    for (int i=0; i<frameworkFiles.length; i++) {
                        File libPath = new File(frameworkDir, frameworkFiles[i]);
                        String path = libPath.getPath();
                        // alreadyDexOpted 列表是否包含该文件
                        if (alreadyDexOpted.contains(path)) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        // 过滤掉不是 apk 和 jar 的文件
                        if (!path.endsWith(".apk") && !path.endsWith(".jar")) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        try {
                            int dexoptNeeded = DexFile.getDexOptNeeded(path, null, dexCodeInstructionSet, false);
                            if (dexoptNeeded != DexFile.NO_DEXOPT_NEEDED) {
                                // 执行 dexopt 优化操作 
                                mInstaller.dexopt(path, Process.SYSTEM_UID, true, dexCodeInstructionSet, dexoptNeeded);
                            }
                        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                            Slog.w(TAG, "Jar not found: " + path);
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            Slog.w(TAG, "Exception reading jar: " + path, e);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            // 搜集解析系统各种 app 包信息
            ...
            // 移除文件
            mInstaller.moveFiles();
            // 清理所有安装不完整的包
            ArrayList<PackageSetting> deletePkgsList = mSettings.getListOfIncompleteInstallPackagesLPr();
            for(int i = 0; i < deletePkgsList.size(); i++) {
                cleanupInstallFailedPackage(deletePkgsList.get(i));
            }
            // 删除临时文件
            deleteTempPackageFiles();
            // 处理解析非系统的 app 
            if (!mOnlyCore) {
                // 扫描解析 /data/app 目录
                scanDirLI(mAppInstallDir, 0, scanFlags | SCAN_REQUIRE_KNOWN, 0);
                // 扫描解析 /data/app-private 目录
                scanDirLI(mDrmAppPrivateInstallDir, PackageParser.PARSE_FORWARD_LOCK,
                        scanFlags | SCAN_REQUIRE_KNOWN, 0);
                ...
            }
            // 将所有解析的包信息写到 packages.xml 文件
            mSettings.writeLPr();
        } // synchronized (mPackages)
        } // synchronized (mInstallLock)

        // 调用 gc 
        Runtime.getRuntime().gc();
    }

PKMS 的创建和启动过程比 AMS 复杂太多,我删减了很多不是核心的代码,总得来说 PKMS 在创建的过程中会去解析所有 apk 的安装信息,其中包括系统应用和非系统的安装应用,对于应用开发者来说,我们只需要关注非系统应用就足够了。我们平时安装的手机应用主要放在 mAppInstallDir(data/app) 目录下。总的来说 PKMS 在启动的时候会去解析我们手机所有的应用的 apk 包信息,并会将其所解析的内容全部保存在 mPackages 变量中,最后我们来看下 PKMS 到底是扫描解析保存了 apk 的哪些信息。

    private void scanDirLI(File dir, int parseFlags, int scanFlags, long currentTime) {
        ...
        for (File file : files) {
            // 是不是 apk 文件
            final boolean isPackage = (isApkFile(file) || file.isDirectory())
                    && !PackageInstallerService.isStageName(file.getName());
            if (!isPackage) {
                // Ignore entries which are not packages
                continue;
            }
            try {
                // 扫描解析 apk 文件
                scanPackageLI(file, parseFlags | PackageParser.PARSE_MUST_BE_APK,
                        scanFlags, currentTime, null);
            } catch (PackageManagerException e) {
                // 如果有异常,把这个文件或者文件夹删除
                if ((parseFlags & PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM) == 0 &&
                        e.error == PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK) {
                    logCriticalInfo(Log.WARN, "Deleting invalid package at " + file);
                    if (file.isDirectory()) {
                        mInstaller.rmPackageDir(file.getAbsolutePath());
                    } else {
                        file.delete();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private PackageParser.Package scanPackageLI(File scanFile, int parseFlags, int scanFlags,
            long currentTime, UserHandle user) throws PackageManagerException {
        // 创建一个解析对象
        PackageParser pp = new PackageParser();
        pp.setSeparateProcesses(mSeparateProcesses);
        pp.setOnlyCoreApps(mOnlyCore);
        pp.setDisplayMetrics(mMetrics);

        final PackageParser.Package pkg;
        try {
            // 解析 apk 参数,返回 PackageParser.Package
            pkg = pp.parsePackage(scanFile, parseFlags);
        } catch (PackageParserException e) {
            throw PackageManagerException.from(e);
        }

        // 搜集证书信息
        collectCertificatesLI(pp, ps, pkg, scanFile, parseFlags);
        ...
        return scannedPkg;
    }

    public Package parsePackage(File packageFile, int flags) throws PackageParserException {
        if (packageFile.isDirectory()) {
            ...
        } else {
            return parseMonolithicPackage(packageFile, flags);
        }
    }

    public Package parseMonolithicPackage(File apkFile, int flags) throws PackageParserException {
        final AssetManager assets = new AssetManager();
        try {
            final Package pkg = parseBaseApk(apkFile, assets, flags);
            pkg.codePath = apkFile.getAbsolutePath();
            return pkg;
        } finally {
            IoUtils.closeQuietly(assets);
        }
    }

    private Package parseBaseApk(File apkFile, AssetManager assets, int flags)
            throws PackageParserException {
        final String apkPath = apkFile.getAbsolutePath();

        final int cookie = loadApkIntoAssetManager(assets, apkPath, flags);

        Resources res = null;
        XmlResourceParser parser = null;
        try {
            res = new Resources(assets, mMetrics, null);
            assets.setConfiguration(0, 0, null, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                    Build.VERSION.RESOURCES_SDK_INT);
            // 打开解析 AndroidManifest.xml 文件
            parser = assets.openXmlResourceParser(cookie, ANDROID_MANIFEST_FILENAME);

            final String[] outError = new String[1];
            final Package pkg = parseBaseApk(res, parser, flags, outError);
            if (pkg == null) {
                throw new PackageParserException(mParseError,
                        apkPath + " (at " + parser.getPositionDescription() + "): " + outError[0]);
            }

            return pkg;
        } catch (PackageParserException e) {
            throw e;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new PackageParserException(INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_UNEXPECTED_EXCEPTION,
                    "Failed to read manifest from " + apkPath, e);
        } finally {
            IoUtils.closeQuietly(parser);
        }
    }

    private Package parseBaseApk(Resources res, XmlResourceParser parser, int flags,
            String[] outError) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
        AttributeSet attrs = parser;
        // 解析包名
        try {
            Pair<String, String> packageSplit = parsePackageSplitNames(parser, attrs, flags);
            pkgName = packageSplit.first;
            splitName = packageSplit.second;
        } catch (PackageParserException e) {
            mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_BAD_PACKAGE_NAME;
            return null;
        }

        // 构建一个 Package 对象
        final Package pkg = new Package(pkgName);
        boolean foundApp = false;
        // 获取 VersionCode 和 VersionName
        TypedArray sa = res.obtainAttributes(attrs,
                com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifest);
        pkg.mVersionCode = pkg.applicationInfo.versionCode = sa.getInteger(
                com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifest_versionCode, 0);
        pkg.mVersionName = sa.getNonConfigurationString(
                com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifest_versionName, 0);
        if (pkg.mVersionName != null) {
            pkg.mVersionName = pkg.mVersionName.intern();
        }
        // 解析所有可能出现的属性,application ,uses-permission,permission,等等
        int outerDepth = parser.getDepth();
        while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT
                && (type != XmlPullParser.END_TAG || parser.getDepth() > outerDepth)) {
            if (type == XmlPullParser.END_TAG || type == XmlPullParser.TEXT) {
                continue;
            }

            String tagName = parser.getName();
            if (tagName.equals("application")) {
                if (foundApp) {
                    if (RIGID_PARSER) {
                        outError[0] = "<manifest> has more than one <application>";
                        mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
                        return null;
                    } else {
                        Slog.w(TAG, "<manifest> has more than one <application>");
                        XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);
                        continue;
                    }
                }

                foundApp = true;
                if (!parseBaseApplication(pkg, res, parser, attrs, flags, outError)) {
                    return null;
                }
            } else if (tagName.equals("permission")) {
                if (parsePermission(pkg, res, parser, attrs, outError) == null) {
                    return null;
                }
            } else if (tagName.equals("uses-permission")) {
                if (!parseUsesPermission(pkg, res, parser, attrs)) {
                    return null;
                }
            } else if (RIGID_PARSER) {
                outError[0] = "Bad element under <manifest>: "
                    + parser.getName();
                mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
                return null;

            } else {
                Slog.w(TAG, "Unknown element under <manifest>: " + parser.getName()
                        + " at " + mArchiveSourcePath + " "
                        + parser.getPositionDescription());
                XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);
                continue;
            }
        }
        ...
        return pkg;
    }

    private boolean parseBaseApplication(Package owner, Resources res,
            XmlPullParser parser, AttributeSet attrs, int flags, String[] outError)
        throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
        final ApplicationInfo ai = owner.applicationInfo;
        final String pkgName = owner.applicationInfo.packageName;

        TypedArray sa = res.obtainAttributes(attrs,
                com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestApplication);
        // 解析 application
        String name = sa.getNonConfigurationString(
                com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestApplication_name, 0);
        if (name != null) {
            ai.className = buildClassName(pkgName, name, outError);
            if (ai.className == null) {
                sa.recycle();
                mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
                return false;
            }
        }
        // 解析 allowBackup
        boolean allowBackup = sa.getBoolean(
                com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestApplication_allowBackup, true);
        if (allowBackup) {
            ...
        }
        // 解析 label 也就是 app 的名字
        TypedValue v = sa.peekValue(
                com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestApplication_label);
        if (v != null && (ai.labelRes=v.resourceId) == 0) {
            ai.nonLocalizedLabel = v.coerceToString();
        }
        // 解析 icon ,logo,theme 等等
        ai.icon = sa.getResourceId(
                com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestApplication_icon, 0);
        ai.logo = sa.getResourceId(
                com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestApplication_logo, 0);
        ai.banner = sa.getResourceId(
                com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestApplication_banner, 0);
        ai.theme = sa.getResourceId(
                com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestApplication_theme, 0); 
        // 开始解析四大组件
        final int innerDepth = parser.getDepth();
        int type;
        while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT
                && (type != XmlPullParser.END_TAG || parser.getDepth() > innerDepth)) {
            if (type == XmlPullParser.END_TAG || type == XmlPullParser.TEXT) {
                continue;
            }

            String tagName = parser.getName();
            if (tagName.equals("activity")) {
                Activity a = parseActivity(owner, res, parser, attrs, flags, outError, false,
                        owner.baseHardwareAccelerated);
                if (a == null) {
                    mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
                    return false;
                }

                owner.activities.add(a);

            } else if (tagName.equals("receiver")) {
                Activity a = parseActivity(owner, res, parser, attrs, flags, outError, true, false);
                if (a == null) {
                    mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
                    return false;
                }

                owner.receivers.add(a);

            } else if (tagName.equals("service")) {
                Service s = parseService(owner, res, parser, attrs, flags, outError);
                if (s == null) {
                    mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
                    return false;
                }

                owner.services.add(s);

            } else if (tagName.equals("provider")) {
                Provider p = parseProvider(owner, res, parser, attrs, flags, outError);
                if (p == null) {
                    mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
                    return false;
                }

                owner.providers.add(p);

            } else if (tagName.equals("activity-alias")) {
                Activity a = parseActivityAlias(owner, res, parser, attrs, flags, outError);
                if (a == null) {
                    mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
                    return false;
                }

                owner.activities.add(a);

            } else if (parser.getName().equals("meta-data")) {
                // note: application meta-data is stored off to the side, so it can
                // remain null in the primary copy (we like to avoid extra copies because
                // it can be large)
                if ((owner.mAppMetaData = parseMetaData(res, parser, attrs, owner.mAppMetaData,
                        outError)) == null) {
                    mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
                    return false;
                }

            } else if (tagName.equals("library")) {
                sa = res.obtainAttributes(attrs,
                        com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestLibrary);

                // Note: don't allow this value to be a reference to a resource
                // that may change.
                String lname = sa.getNonResourceString(
                        com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestLibrary_name);

                sa.recycle();

                if (lname != null) {
                    lname = lname.intern();
                    if (!ArrayUtils.contains(owner.libraryNames, lname)) {
                        owner.libraryNames = ArrayUtils.add(owner.libraryNames, lname);
                    }
                }

                XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);

            } else if (tagName.equals("uses-library")) {
                sa = res.obtainAttributes(attrs,
                        com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestUsesLibrary);

                // Note: don't allow this value to be a reference to a resource
                // that may change.
                String lname = sa.getNonResourceString(
                        com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestUsesLibrary_name);
                boolean req = sa.getBoolean(
                        com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestUsesLibrary_required,
                        true);

                sa.recycle();

                if (lname != null) {
                    lname = lname.intern();
                    if (req) {
                        owner.usesLibraries = ArrayUtils.add(owner.usesLibraries, lname);
                    } else {
                        owner.usesOptionalLibraries = ArrayUtils.add(
                                owner.usesOptionalLibraries, lname);
                    }
                }

                XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);

            } else if (tagName.equals("uses-package")) {
                // Dependencies for app installers; we don't currently try to
                // enforce this.
                XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);

            } else {
                if (!RIGID_PARSER) {
                    Slog.w(TAG, "Unknown element under <application>: " + tagName
                            + " at " + mArchiveSourcePath + " "
                            + parser.getPositionDescription());
                    XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);
                    continue;
                } else {
                    outError[0] = "Bad element under <application>: " + tagName;
                    mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

视频地址:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1dM3K9bPRuepFUJIASIDeQg
视频密码:af97

最后编辑于
©著作权归作者所有,转载或内容合作请联系作者
  • 序言:七十年代末,一起剥皮案震惊了整个滨河市,随后出现的几起案子,更是在滨河造成了极大的恐慌,老刑警刘岩,带你破解...
    沈念sama阅读 151,511评论 1 330
  • 序言:滨河连续发生了三起死亡事件,死亡现场离奇诡异,居然都是意外死亡,警方通过查阅死者的电脑和手机,发现死者居然都...
    沈念sama阅读 64,495评论 1 273
  • 文/潘晓璐 我一进店门,熙熙楼的掌柜王于贵愁眉苦脸地迎上来,“玉大人,你说我怎么就摊上这事。” “怎么了?”我有些...
    开封第一讲书人阅读 101,595评论 0 225
  • 文/不坏的土叔 我叫张陵,是天一观的道长。 经常有香客问我,道长,这世上最难降的妖魔是什么? 我笑而不...
    开封第一讲书人阅读 42,558评论 0 190
  • 正文 为了忘掉前任,我火速办了婚礼,结果婚礼上,老公的妹妹穿的比我还像新娘。我一直安慰自己,他们只是感情好,可当我...
    茶点故事阅读 50,715评论 3 270
  • 文/花漫 我一把揭开白布。 她就那样静静地躺着,像睡着了一般。 火红的嫁衣衬着肌肤如雪。 梳的纹丝不乱的头发上,一...
    开封第一讲书人阅读 39,672评论 1 192
  • 那天,我揣着相机与录音,去河边找鬼。 笑死,一个胖子当着我的面吹牛,可吹牛的内容都是我干的。 我是一名探鬼主播,决...
    沈念sama阅读 31,112评论 2 291
  • 文/苍兰香墨 我猛地睁开眼,长吁一口气:“原来是场噩梦啊……” “哼!你这毒妇竟也来了?” 一声冷哼从身侧响起,我...
    开封第一讲书人阅读 29,837评论 0 181
  • 序言:老挝万荣一对情侣失踪,失踪者是张志新(化名)和其女友刘颖,没想到半个月后,有当地人在树林里发现了一具尸体,经...
    沈念sama阅读 33,417评论 0 228
  • 正文 独居荒郊野岭守林人离奇死亡,尸身上长有42处带血的脓包…… 初始之章·张勋 以下内容为张勋视角 年9月15日...
    茶点故事阅读 29,928评论 2 232
  • 正文 我和宋清朗相恋三年,在试婚纱的时候发现自己被绿了。 大学时的朋友给我发了我未婚夫和他白月光在一起吃饭的照片。...
    茶点故事阅读 31,316评论 1 242
  • 序言:一个原本活蹦乱跳的男人离奇死亡,死状恐怖,灵堂内的尸体忽然破棺而出,到底是诈尸还是另有隐情,我是刑警宁泽,带...
    沈念sama阅读 27,773评论 2 234
  • 正文 年R本政府宣布,位于F岛的核电站,受9级特大地震影响,放射性物质发生泄漏。R本人自食恶果不足惜,却给世界环境...
    茶点故事阅读 32,253评论 3 220
  • 文/蒙蒙 一、第九天 我趴在偏房一处隐蔽的房顶上张望。 院中可真热闹,春花似锦、人声如沸。这庄子的主人今日做“春日...
    开封第一讲书人阅读 25,827评论 0 8
  • 文/苍兰香墨 我抬头看了看天上的太阳。三九已至,却和暖如春,着一层夹袄步出监牢的瞬间,已是汗流浃背。 一阵脚步声响...
    开封第一讲书人阅读 26,440评论 0 180
  • 我被黑心中介骗来泰国打工, 没想到刚下飞机就差点儿被人妖公主榨干…… 1. 我叫王不留,地道东北人。 一个月前我还...
    沈念sama阅读 34,523评论 2 249
  • 正文 我出身青楼,却偏偏与公主长得像,于是被迫代替她去往敌国和亲。 传闻我的和亲对象是个残疾皇子,可洞房花烛夜当晚...
    茶点故事阅读 34,583评论 2 249