word and phrase

1.Every so oftenthe New York Times publishes a column called “Think Like a Doctor” by Lisa Sanders, a doctor and author.

every so often = sometimes

An inspector comes round every so often to check the safety equipment.

仿：We go to the cinema every so often.

2.the mental representations of expert doctors come to thefore.

come to the fore = step to the fore,step up, come forward, step forward

make oneself visible;take action

仿：His talent came to the fore when he start school.

3.A doctor diagnosing a patient with a complex set of symptoms must take in a great deal of information without knowing ahead of time which is most relevant and which might be red herrings.

red herrings

an unimportant fact, idea, event, etc. that takes people's attention away from the important ones  转移注意力的次要事实(或想法、事件等)

仿：The game is a red herring for the student.

4.Thus, when the police officer went to the urgent-care clinic complaining of an earache, the doctor there assumed the problem was an infection of some sort—which would have been the correct answer in most cases—and didn’t worry about the seemingly irrelevant fact that one of the patient’s pupils was acting up.

act up

If something is acting up, it is not working properly. (INFORMAL)

>She was messing with the coffee pot, which was acting up again.

仿：My car is acting up again.

5.Unlike medical students, expert diagnosticians have built sophisticated mental representations that let them consider a number of different facts at once, even facts that at first might not seem germane.

germane

adj. [not usually before noun]

• ~ (to sth) (formal) (of ideas, remarks, etc. 想法、言语等) connected with sth in an important or appropriate way与…有密切关系；贴切；恰当

【SYN】 relevant :

»remarks that are germane to the discussion

与这次讨论密切相关的谈话

仿：This example is not germane to the theme of the book.

其他词汇整理

score 乐谱

乐器： the flute长笛, the trumpet小号, the cornet短号, the clarinet单簧管, and the saxophone萨克斯管.

pupil 瞳孔    eyelid 眼睑  shingles 带状疱疹  blisters 水疱

virtuous circle 良性循环 vicious circle恶性循环

post-workout 运动后的

spot mistakes 发现错误，用spot代替find.

approach a task/problem 处理问题＝tackle，address ，deal with

感悟

一个经验丰富的医生不仅有大量的医学知识储备，更重要的是他们把知识串联起来，从而得出准确可靠的结论，这就是他们创建的mental representation。在医生身上大概就是我们平时所说的“临床思维”，根据临床表现和辅助检查结果，正确作出决策进行治疗，而这种能力的提升仅靠学习理论知识是不够的，还要大量的临床实践，实践促进了思维的形成，更完善的思维促进了实践的成功，即the more skilled you become, the better your mental representations are, and the better your mental representations are, the more effectively you can practice to hone your skill.