1.原理
RPC，远程过程调用,RPC总的来说是一个Client/Server的结构，提供服务的一方称为Server，消费服务的一方称为Client。
下图是本地过程调用，所有的过程都在本地服务器上，依次调用即可。
image.png
下图则是所谓的远程过程调用，需要在Client和Server中交互。
image.png
两种调用方式的区别
1、网络传输的开销和编程的额外复杂性。
2、本地过程调用中，过程在同一块物理内存中，因此就可以传递指针了。而远程过程调用则不能，因为远程过程与调用者运行在完全不同的地址空间中。
3、远程过程不能共享调用者的环境，所以它就无法直接访问调用者的I/O和操作系统API。
简单来说，就是远程过程调用会比本地过程调用复杂。除了性能的额外开销之外，编程也复杂得多。
至少可以想到，交互双方需要能够封装数据结构，理解协议，处理连接等等，确实是很麻烦的。可能一个很简单的调用，却需要做很多的编程工作。所以，为了简化RPC调用的编程，就提出了一个RPC的标准模型。
下面是RPC的原理草图。
image.png
可以看到，该模型中多了一个stub的组件，这个是约定的接口，也就是server提供的服务。对客户端来说，有了这个stub，RPC调用过程对client code来说就变成透明的了，客户端代码不需要关心沟通的协议是什么，网络连接是怎么建立的。对客户端来说，它甚至不知道自己调用的是一个远程过程，还是一个本地过程。
然后，前面说的理解协议，处理连接的工作，总是要有人做的，这个工作就是在下面的RPC Interface里完成的。
下面是web service的原理草图
image.png
对比一下RPC草图，就会发现非常的接近。在组件层次，和交互时序上完全没有差别，只是方框内的字不一样，但是实际上承担的职责却是完全对应的。
web service接口就是RPC中的stub组件，规定了server能够提供的服务（web service），这在server和client上是一致的，但是也是跨语言跨平台的。同时，由于web service规范中的WSDL文件的存在，现在各平台的web service框架，都可以基于WSDL文件，自动生成web service接口。
因此，我认为RPC和web service非常得接近，只是RPC的传输层协议，以及应用层协议，可以自行实现，所以选择的余地更大一点。可能会在性能和传输效率上，有更大的优势（不一定） 。
总结来说，要实现远程过程调用，需要有3要素：
1、server必须发布服务。
2、在client和server两端都需要有模块来处理协议和连接。
3、server发布的服务，需要将接口给到client。
2.PHP不使用WSDL格式Soap通信
server1.php
<?php
// 改成自己的地址
$soap = new SoapClient(null,array('location'=>"http://localhost:8080/soap/server1.php",'uri'=>'server1.php'));
//两种调用方式，直接调用方法，和用__soapCall简接调用
$result1 = $soap->getName();
$result2 = $soap->__soapCall("getName",array());
echo $result1."<br/>";
echo $result2;
client1.php
<?php
// 改成自己的地址
$soap = new SoapClient(null,array('location'=>"http://localhost:8080/soap/server1.php",'uri'=>'server1.php'));
//两种调用方式，直接调用方法，和用__soapCall简接调用
$result1 = $soap->getName();
$result2 = $soap->__soapCall("getName",array());
echo $result1."<br/>";
echo $result2;
结果
3.PHP使用WSDL格式Soap通信
creat_wsdl.php
<?php
/**
* User: yuzhao
* CreateTime: 2019/3/5 下午3:45
* Description:
*/
ini_set('soap.wsdl_cache_enabled', 0); //关闭wsdl缓存
include("Service.php");
include("SoapDiscovery.class.php");
$disco = new SoapDiscovery('myapi', 'soap'); //第一个参数是类名（生成的wsdl文件就是以它来命名的），即Service类，第二个参数是服务的名字（这个可以随便写）。
$disco->getWSDL();
Service.php
<?php
/**
* User: yuzhao
* CreateTime: 2019/3/5 下午4:03
* Description:
*/
class myapi {
public function HelloWorld() {
return "Hello";
}
public function Add($a) {
return $a;
}
public function Bdd($a) {
return $a;
}
}
$server = new SoapServer('myapi.wsdl', array('soap_version' => SOAP_1_2));
$server->setClass("myapi"); // 注册Service类的所有方法
$server->handle(); // 处理请求
SoapDiscovery.class.php
<?php
/**
* Copyright (c) 2005, Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are
* permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
*
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of
* conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
* conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
* provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name of the Solsoft de Costa Rica S.A. nor the names of its contributors may
* be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
* prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND
* CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
* INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
* MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
* NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
* LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
* CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
* OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
* EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
*
* @version $Id$
* @copyright 2005
*/
/**
* SoapDiscovery Class that provides Web Service Definition Language (WSDL).
*
* @package SoapDiscovery
* @author Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas
* @copyright Copyright (c) 2005 Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas
* @version $Id$
* @access public
**/
class SoapDiscovery {
private $class_name = '';
private $service_name = '';
/**
* SoapDiscovery::__construct() SoapDiscovery class Constructor.
*
* @param string $class_name
* @param string $service_name
**/
public function __construct($class_name = '', $service_name = '') {
$this->class_name = $class_name;
$this->service_name = $service_name;
}
/**
* SoapDiscovery::getWSDL() Returns the WSDL of a class if the class is instantiable.
*
* @return string
**/
public function getWSDL() {
if (empty($this->service_name)) {
throw new Exception('No service name.');
}
$headerWSDL = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" ?>\n";
$headerWSDL.= "<definitions name=\"$this->service_name\" targetNamespace=\"urn:$this->service_name\" xmlns:wsdl=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/\" xmlns:tns=\"urn:$this->service_name\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:SOAP-ENC=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\" xmlns=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\">\n";
$headerWSDL.= "<types xmlns=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\" />\n";
if (empty($this->class_name)) {
throw new Exception('No class name.');
}
$class = new ReflectionClass($this->class_name);
if (!$class->isInstantiable()) {
throw new Exception('Class is not instantiable.');
}
$methods = $class->getMethods();
$portTypeWSDL = '<portType name="'.$this->service_name.'Port">';
$bindingWSDL = '<binding name="'.$this->service_name.'Binding" type="tns:'.$this->service_name."Port\">\n<soap:binding style=\"rpc\" transport=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http\" />\n";
$serviceWSDL = '<service name="'.$this->service_name."\">\n<documentation />\n<port name=\"".$this->service_name.'Port" binding="tns:'.$this->service_name."Binding\"><soap:address location=\"http://".$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'].':'.$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'].$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']."\" />\n</port>\n</service>\n";
$messageWSDL = '';
foreach ($methods as $method) {
if ($method->isPublic() && !$method->isConstructor()) {
$portTypeWSDL.= '<operation name="'.$method->getName()."\">\n".'<input message="tns:'.$method->getName()."Request\" />\n<output message=\"tns:".$method->getName()."Response\" />\n</operation>\n";
$bindingWSDL.= '<operation name="'.$method->getName()."\">\n".'<soap:operation soapAction="urn:'.$this->service_name.'#'.$this->class_name.'#'.$method->getName()."\" />\n<input><soap:body use=\"encoded\" namespace=\"urn:$this->service_name\" encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\" />\n</input>\n<output>\n<soap:body use=\"encoded\" namespace=\"urn:$this->service_name\" encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\" />\n</output>\n</operation>\n";
$messageWSDL.= '<message name="'.$method->getName()."Request\">\n";
$parameters = $method->getParameters();
foreach ($parameters as $parameter) {
$messageWSDL.= '<part name="'.$parameter->getName()."\" type=\"xsd:string\" />\n";
}
$messageWSDL.= "</message>\n";
$messageWSDL.= '<message name="'.$method->getName()."Response\">\n";
$messageWSDL.= '<part name="'.$method->getName()."\" type=\"xsd:string\" />\n";
$messageWSDL.= "</message>\n";
}
}
$portTypeWSDL.= "</portType>\n";
$bindingWSDL.= "</binding>\n";
//return sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>');
$fso = fopen($this->class_name . ".wsdl", "w");
fwrite($fso, sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>'));
}
/**
* SoapDiscovery::getDiscovery() Returns discovery of WSDL.
*
* @return string
**/
public function getDiscovery() {
return "<?xml version=\"1.0\" ?>\n<disco:discovery xmlns:disco=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/disco/\" xmlns:scl=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/disco/scl/\">\n<scl:contractRef ref=\"http://".$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'].':'.$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'].$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']."?wsdl\" />\n</disco:discovery>";
}
}
?>
client.php
<?php
ini_set('default_socket_timeout',80);
ini_set('soap.wsdl_cache_enabled', 0); //关闭wsdl缓存
$soap = new SoapClient('http://localhost:8080/soap/daemo2/myapi.wsdl?wsdl');
var_dump($soap->__getFunctions()); // 输出暴露的方法
var_dump($soap->__getTypes()); // 输出每个方法参数
$res = $soap->Bdd('123'); // 调用
var_dump($res);
使用过程
先用浏览器访问creat_wsdl.php 生成myapi.wsdl 文件
2.执行client.php
image.png
4.学习地址
https://www.cnblogs.com/hujun1992/p/wsdl.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/AloneSword/p/3501543.html
