项目需要使用邮件拓展业务，要用到队列群发的功能，特此记录一下

为了防止邮件发送过多导致信件发送失败，同时使用了两种解决方法

1、使用了多个邮箱批量发送邮件

2、限制了邮件发送任务的调用频率。

首先创建一个队列任务：

php artisan make:job SendMail

队列的环境配置请参考laravel的官方文档

建议在开发环境下将.env中配置为 QUEUE_CONNECTION=sync 方便调试，生产环境下再配置为redis驱动

<?php

namespace App\Jobs;

use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Redis;

class SendMail implements ShouldQueue
{
    use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;

    protected $content;
    protected $email;
    protected $user;
    protected $job_id;
    public $timeout =120;  //120秒超时

    /**
     * Create a new job instance.
     *
     * @param $job_id
     * @param $content
     * @param $email
     * @param $user
     */
    public function __construct($job_id, $content, $email, $user)
    {
        $this->content = $content;
        $this->email = $email;
        $this->user = $user;
        $this->job_id = $job_id;
    }

    /**
     * Execute the job.
     * @return void
     */
    public function handle()
    {
        //限制任务的调用：每20秒钟只调用10次
       Redis::throttle('key')->allow(10)->every(20)->then(function () {
            try {
                $this->handleEmail();//具体的发送邮件方法
            } catch (\Exception $e) {
                Log::error('queue error : ' . $e->getMessage());//打印错误日志
            }
        }, function () {
            return $this->release(10);
        });
    }

    /**
     * 发送邮件
     */
    function handleEmail()
    {
        //备份原有Mailer
        $backup = Mail::getSwiftMailer();
        $user = $this->user; //获取用户的姓名
        $email = $this->email;//获取用户的邮箱地址
        $content = $this->content;//获取邮件模板的内容
        //使用正则表达式替换相应的用户的姓名
        $email_content = preg_replace('/\{\{s\}\}/', $user->name, $content->content);  //模板内容
        $email_theme = preg_replace('/\{\{s\}\}/', $user->name, $content->theme); //邮件主题
        $email_sign = preg_replace('/\{\{s\}\}/', $user->name, $content->sign);;  //邮件签名
        $email_sign = preg_replace('/\{\{t\}\}/', date('Y-m-d'), $email_sign);;  //邮件签名{{t}}

        // 设置邮箱账号,支持qq邮箱/163邮箱/谷歌邮箱/腾讯企业邮箱
        if ($email->type == 'qq') {
            $transport = new \Swift_SmtpTransport('smtp.qq.com', 465, 'ssl');
        } else if ($email->type == 'gmail') {
            $transport = new \Swift_SmtpTransport('smtp.gmail.com', 465, 'ssl');
        }  else if ($email->type == '163') {
            $transport = new \Swift_SmtpTransport('smtp.163.com', 465, 'ssl');
        } else if ($email->type == 'exmail') {
            $transport = new \Swift_SmtpTransport('smtp.exmail.qq.com', 465, 'ssl');
        } else {
            throw  new AdminApiException('邮箱类型不支持!');
        }
        $transport->setUsername($email->email);
        $transport->setPassword($email->secret);

        $mailer = new \Swift_Mailer($transport);

        Mail::setSwiftMailer($mailer);

        Mail::send('emails.kol.index',
            ['content' => $email_content, 'email_sign' => $email_sign],
            function ($message) use ($email_theme, $user, $email) {
                $message->from($email->email, $email->email);
                $message->subject($email_theme);
                $message->to($user->email);
            });
        // 发送后还原
        Mail::setSwiftMailer($backup);
    }
}

由于限制了队列的调用频率，所以任务失败的次数是无法计算的，需要配合超时来做

我将任务超时时间设置为120秒

队列的调用

public function store(Request $request)
{
    ..........
    foreach ($job->user as $user) {
        $email = $emails->random(); //随机一个邮箱
        //传递邮件的模板、邮箱和用户作为一个单独的发送任务
        SendMail::dispatch($job_id, $template, $email, $user);
    }
}