开发背景
来北京工作已经一年多了，大大小小的项目也写了不少，磕磕碰碰到了现在，记录一下

功能要点

• 1 公共网络请求封装
• 2 自定义dialog
• 3 base组件封装
• 4 多环境打包优化
• 5 路由按需加载，gzip开启
• 6 骨架屏功能实现

上干货

1 公共网络请求封装
这个功能其实在以前的文章中就有说到过，核心就是抽取接口地址的前缀，根据后台返回的接口内容，进行统一的出来（弹对话框，执行回调）

需要注意的地方就是多个网络时，多个遮罩层的处理方式

这个不多说，直接上代码(基于axios)

//开始加载动画效果
function startNetWork(msgText) {
  //修复多接口访问无法关闭浮层BUG
  if (document.body.contains(loadDialog)) {
    document.body.removeChild(loadDialog);
  }
  loadDialog = document.createElement('div');
  loadDialog.className = 'popContainer';
  let loadImage = document.createElement('img');
  loadImage.src = 'static/img/load.svg';
  let loadMsg = document.createElement('label');
  loadMsg.innerText = msgText ? msgText : '加载中...';
  loadDialog.appendChild(loadImage);
  loadDialog.appendChild(loadMsg);
  document.body.appendChild(loadDialog)
}

//关闭加载动画效果
function stopNetWork() {
  //修复多接口访问无法关闭浮层BUG
  if (document.body.contains(loadDialog)) {
    document.body.removeChild(loadDialog);
  }
}

// get网络请求
function get(networkParam, data, vueObj, successCallback, errorCallback) {
  let realUrl = preUrl + networkParam.url;
  if (networkParam.showLoading) {
    startNetWork();
  }
  let token = getUserData('token');
  if (!token) {
    // 跳转回登录页
    vueObj.$router.push({path: '/'})
  }
  axios.get(realUrl, {
    params: data,
    headers: {
      token: token
    }
  }).then(function (response) {
    stopNetWork();
    console.log(response);
    successCallback(vueObj, response.data)
  }).catch(function (response) {
    console.log(response, 'get axios');
    stopNetWork();
    errorCallback(vueObj, response);

  })
}

2 自定义Toast

这个功能的原理跟网络请求时的动画比较相似，通过js动态生成div，拼接到本页body标签下，然后通过定时器移除div，达到Toast的效果

let info = {
  background: 'black',
  color: 'white',
  width: '80%',
  content: '输出内容',
  borderRadius: '10px',
  duration: 2000
};

// toast相关配置见上方
function toast(toastInfo) {
  let duration = 800;
  let m = document.createElement('div');
  let color = toastInfo.color ? toastInfo.color : info.color;
  let width = toastInfo.width ? toastInfo.width : info.width;
  let background = toastInfo.background ? toastInfo.background : info.background;
  let borderRadius = toastInfo.borderRadius ? toastInfo.borderRadius : info.borderRadius;
  m.innerHTML = toastInfo.content ? toastInfo.content : info.content;
  m.style.cssText = "width: " + width + ";min-width: 150px;opacity: 1;height: 30px;color: " +
    color + ";line-height: 30px;text-align: center;border-radius: " + borderRadius + ";position: fixed;top: 40%;left: 10%;z-index: 999999;background: " + background + ";font-size: 16px;";
  document.body.appendChild(m);
  setTimeout(function () {
    let d = 0.5;
    m.style.webkitTransition = '-webkit-transform ' + d + 's ease-in, opacity ' + d + 's ease-in';
    m.style.opacity = '0';
    setTimeout(function () {
      document.body.removeChild(m)
    }, d * 1000);
  }, duration);
}

3 base组件封装
这个基vue存在的目的是为了解耦，项目中所有的页面文件不直接操作封装好的网络请求，等一些常用的util,而且通过这个基vue间接的操作，base起到了一个桥梁的作用，使得代码更加的规范

export default {
  name: "base",
  data() {
    return {
      toastInfo: {
        background: "red",
        color: "white",
        width: "80%",
        content: "ce",
        borderRadius: "20px",
        duration: 500
      }
    };
  },
  methods: {
    // 设置遮罩层
    setShade(msgText) {
      showShade(msgText);
    },
    testLoading() {
      startNetWork();
    },
    // 设置对话框背景颜色
    setToastBackGroud(color) {
      this.toastInfo.background = color;
    },
    // 设置对话框边框圆角 radiusPx 单位px
    setToastBorderRadius(radiusPx) {
      this.toastInfo.borderRadius = radiusPx;
    },
    //  弹出对话框 conten 弹出内容
    showToast(content) {
      this.toastInfo.content = content;
      toast(this.toastInfo);
    },
    //带动画效果的GET请求
    get(params, data, vueObj, successCallback, errorCallback) {
      let networkParam = {
        url: "",
        showLoading: true
      };
      if (typeof params == "string") {
        networkParam.url = params;
      } else {
        networkParam = params;
      }
      get(
        networkParam,
        data,
        vueObj,
        function(_this, data) {
          if (data.status == -1) {
            localStorage.clear();
            _this.muiTost(data.msg);
            _this.$router.push({
              path: "/"
            });
          }
          if (data.data != undefined && data.data != null) {
            successCallback(_this, data);
          } else {
            _this.showToast("未知错误");
          }
        },
        function(_this, response) {
          console.log("errorCallback");
          if (response.response) {
            errorCallback(_this, response.response.data);
            return;
          }
          _this.showToast("未知错误");
        }
      );
    },
    //带动画效果的POST请求

    post(params, data, vueObj, successCallback, errorCallback) {
      let networkParam = {
        url: "",
        showLoading: true
      };
      if (typeof params == "string") {
        networkParam.url = params;
      } else {
        networkParam = params;
      }
      post(
        networkParam,
        data,
        vueObj,
        function(_this, data) {
          if (data.status == undefined || data.status == null) {
            _this.showToast("未知错误");
          } else if (data.status == 0 && successCallback != undefined) {
            successCallback(_this, data);
          } else if (data.status == -1) {
            localStorage.clear();
            _this.muiTost(data.msg);
            _this.$router.push({
              path: "/"
            });
          } else {
            _this.showToast(data.msg);
          }
        },
        function(_this, response) {
          console.log("errorCallback");
          if (response.response) {
            errorCallback(_this, response.response.data);
            return;
          }
          _this.showToast("未知错误");
        }
      );
    }
  }
};

//其他vue通过extends来继承base
 import base from '../page/base';
 export default {
        extends: base,
        name: "Login"
}

4 多环境打包优化
由于公司上线流程比较规范，有将项目部署到多个环境的需求，所以将抽象出一个build.js文件来设置环境名。

// test test环境
// dev dev环境
// pre 预发布环境
// prod 生产环境
const buildTip = 'test';
module.exports.buildTip = buildTip;//将变量抛出，在路由文件以及打包文件等引入

其中路由文件以及打包文件中的相关配置是需要同步的
router/index.js

import Vue from 'vue'
import Router from 'vue-router'
import {buildTip} from "../util/build";

//适配多种环境打包
let base;
switch (buildTip) {
  case "test":
    base = '/demo/';
    break;
  case "dev":
    base = '/demo/';
    break;
  case "pre":
    base = '/demo/';
    break;
  case "prod":
    base = '/demo/';
    break;
}
Vue.use(Router);

export default new Router({
  base: base,//将变量设置给base
  mode: 'history',
  routes: [
   
  ]
})

config/index.js

const build = require("../src/util/build");//引入build.js中的环境名称
let indexDirName, assetsRoot, assetsPublicPath;
//适配多版本打包发布
switch (build.buildTip) {
  case "test":
    indexDirName = '../demo/index.html';
    assetsRoot = '../demo/';
    assetsPublicPath = '/demo/';
    break;
  case "dev":
    indexDirName = '../demo/index.html';
    assetsRoot = '../demo/';
    assetsPublicPath = '/demo/';
    break;
  case "pre":
    indexDirName = '../demo/index.html';
    assetsRoot = '../demo/';
    assetsPublicPath = '/demo/';
    break;
  case "prod":
    indexDirName = '../demo/index.html';
    assetsRoot = '../demo/';
    assetsPublicPath = '/demo/';
    break;
}

  build: {
    // Template for index.html
    index: path.resolve(__dirname, indexDirName), //对应以上的三个变量

    // Paths
    assetsRoot: path.resolve(__dirname, assetsRoot),//对应以上的三个变量
    assetsSubDirectory: 'static',
    assetsPublicPath: assetsPublicPath,//对应以上的三个变量

    /**
     * Source Maps
     */

    productionSourceMap: false,
    // https://webpack.js.org/configuration/devtool/#production
    devtool: '#source-map',

    // Gzip off by default as many popular static hosts such as
    // Surge or Netlify already gzip all static assets for you.
    // Before setting to `true`, make sure to:
    // npm install --save-dev compression-webpack-plugin
    productionGzip: true,//同时需要在nginx服务器做出gzip配置
    productionGzipExtensions: ['js', 'css'],

    // Run the build command with an extra argument to
    // View the bundle analyzer report after build finishes:
    // `npm run build --report`
    // Set to `true` or `false` to always turn it on or off
    bundleAnalyzerReport: process.env.npm_config_report
  }

5 路由按需加载，gzip开启
这个方面的作用是为了提高页面访问速度，属于性能优化

 routes: [
    {
      path: '/',
      name: 'home',
      component: function (resolve) {
        require(['../page/home'], resolve)//路由按需加载
      }
    }
    , {
      path: '/scroller',
      name: 'scroller',
      component: function (resolve) {
        require(['../page/scroller'], resolve)
      }
    }
  ]

至于gzip,起初以为前端配置就可以了，到最后才发现还需要服务端nginx的配合

  productionGzip: true,//将false改为true,同时需要在nginx服务器做出gzip配置   
  productionGzipExtensions: ['js', 'css'],

nginx配置

    gzip  on;   #开启gzip
    gzip_min_length 1k; #低于1kb的资源不压缩
    gzip_comp_level 5; #压缩级别【1-9】，越大压缩率越高，同时消耗cpu资源也越多，建议设置在4左右。
    gzip_types text/plain application/javascript application/x-javascript text/javascript text/xml text/css; 
    gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";  #配置禁用gzip条件，支持正则。此处表示ie6及以下不启用gzip（因为ie低版本不支持）
    gzip_vary on;  #是否添加“Vary: Accept-Encoding”响应头

6 骨架屏功能实现
骨架屏，在用户体验方面的作用比较大，实现起来并不难，自定义组件+v-if就可以实现该功能了
具体实现如下

<template>
  <div class="container login column-center">
    <Skeleton v-if="!init"></Skeleton>

    <button @click="changeToastBackground">将对话框颜色改为红色</button>
    <button @click="toast">测试Toast对话框</button>
    <button @click="testGet">测试Get请求</button>
    <button @click="testPost">测试Post请求</button>
    <button @click="testLoading">测试Loading</button>
    <button @click="testShade">测试遮罩</button>
    
  </div>
</template>

<script>
    import base from '../page/base';
    import Skeleton from "../personView/Skeleton"; //引入组件

    export default {
        extends: base,
        name: "Login",
        components: {
            Skeleton
        },
        data() {
            return {
                init: false//设置相关变量
            }
        },
        mounted() {
            let that = this;
            //模拟请求操作
            setTimeout(function () {
                that.init = true;
            }, 2000)
        },
        methods: {
            toast() {
                this.showToast('修改成功');
            },
            testShade() {
                this.setShade('测试')
            },
            testGet() {
                this.get('User/detail', {}, this, function (that, data) {
                        console.log(data)
                    },
                    function (that, data) {
                        console.log(data);
                        if (!isNaN(data.responseCode)) {
                            that.showToast(data.responseMessage)
                        }
                    }
                )
            },
            testPost() {
                this.post('User/detail', {test: '1231'}, this, function (that, data) {

                }, function (that, data) {
                    if (!isNaN(data.responseCode)) {
                        that.showToast(data.responseMessage)
                    }
                })
            },
            changeToastBackground() {
                this.setToastBackGroud('red')
            }
        }

    }
</script>

<style scoped>
  .login button {
    border: 0;
    padding: 0;
    margin-top: 10px;
    height: 40px;
    width: 80%;
    background-color: black;
    color: white;
    border-radius: 20px;
  }
</style>

最后
附上封装的demo地址，其中还有自己实现的上拉加载搜索功能，需要的可以下载来看看
下载地址