Four Paintings that Show What You Can Do in Adobe Fresco

Artwork created by Kyle Webster. 作者: Kyle Webster

Acouple of years ago, I joined the Adobe team building our new drawing and paintingapp, Adobe Fresco, to provide my perspective as a professional artist, illustrator and digital brush maker. Now, as we release Fresco to the world, I want to share an artist’s view of what you can do with the app and what I think makes it special.

几年前，我加入了 Adobe 团队，开发我们的新绘图和绘画应用程序 Adobe Fresco，以提供我作为专业艺术家、插画家和数字画笔制作者的视角。 现在，当我们向全世界发布 Fresco 的时候，我想和大家分享一个艺术家的观点: 你可以用这个应用做什么，以及我认为它的特别之处是什么。

Fresco is officially available for iPad today. If you have a Creative Cloud subscription, there’s a good chance you’ll be able to download it immediately. If you’re not a Creative Cloud subscriber, you can purchase it alone (with an opportunity to get the first six months free), or you can get a free version that has many of the same features as the full version, but limited access to some professional tools. You can learn more about options to get Fresco here.

今天，Fresco 正式面世了。 如果你订阅了 Creative Cloud，你可能现在就可以下载它。 如果你不是 Creative Cloud 的用户，你可以单独购买(前六个月免费) ，或者你可以得到一个免费版本，它有许多与完整版本相同的功能，但是对一些专业工具的访问受到限制。 你可以在这里了解更多关于 Fresco 的选择。

One of Fresco’s fundamental strengths is the variety of brushes you can use. In addition to sharp, clean, infinitely scalable vector brushes and versatile and adaptable Photoshop brushes, Fresco also includes new Live Brushes that – with the Apple Pencil – uncannily recreate the experience of painting with oils or watercolors. Let’s take a look at what you can do with each kind of brush by looking at four pieces.

Fresco 的基本优势之一是你可以使用的各种笔刷。 除了清晰、干净、无限可伸缩的矢量笔刷和多功能、可适应的 Photoshop 笔刷之外，Fresco 还推出了全新的动态笔刷——使用苹果铅笔(Apple Pencil)——神奇地重现了用油画或水彩绘画的体验。 让我们看看你可以做什么，通过下面4张图来展示每种笔刷的特性。

Oil brushes 油画笔

I made this painting using a technique called alla prima or wet-on-wet. As that second name implies, with alla prima you apply wet paint to still-wet layers of other paint. That allows the colors to mix and blend in really interesting ways and allows one color to seamlessly flow into another.

我使用一种称为 alla prima （单图层着色，或叫做湿混法）的技术绘制了这幅画。 正如第二个名字所暗示的，通过单图层着色方式，你应用湿颜料于其他未干的颜料上。 使得颜色可以以非常有趣的方式混合和融合，并使一种颜色无缝地流动到另一种颜色。

The scientists who worked on Fresco intensely studied the way oil paints act when you apply them, how they dry, and how they interact with each other. The result is that working alla prima in Fresco is just like working alla prima with real oil paints (except that in Fresco, if you don’t like what you’ve done, you can undo it with one gesture or a simple double-tap on Apple Pencil!).

从事壁画工作的科学家们对油画颜料的作用方式、干燥方式以及它们之间的相互作用进行了深入研究。 其结果是，在 Fresco 中使用 alla prima 就像使用真正的油画颜料使用 湿混法一模一样 (唯一的区别是，在 Fresco 中，如果你不喜欢你所做的，你可以用一个手势或简单的双击苹果铅笔取消它!) 。

The opposite of alla prima is a technique called glazing, in which you put down a thin layer of oil paint, wait for it to dry, then put down a new thin layer. You use glazing if you don’t want the different colors of oil paint to blend, or you want to use the paint in a more transparent way. Fresco allows you to do glazing, but with some major improvements. You don’t have to wait for the first paint color to dry, you just add a new digital layer to your painting and go to work with the new color. And if you decide later you’d actually like to have the colors blend, you can merge the layers and, amazingly, the oils blend as if you’d just applied them.

与 alla prima 相反的是一种叫做glazing /上釉（覆盖画法）的技术，你在上面涂上一层薄薄的颜料，等它干透，然后再涂上一层新的薄薄的颜料。 如果你不想让不同颜色的油漆混合在一起，或者你想用更透明的方式来使用油漆，你就可以使用上釉画法。Fresco 允许你使用上釉画法，但有一些重大的改进。 你不必等待第一个颜色干了，你只需要在你的画上添加一个新的数字图层，然后开始使用新的颜色。 如果你之后决定想要混合颜色，你就可以合并图层，令人惊讶的是，颜料即开始混合，就像你刚刚涂上去一样。

I wanted this ballerina to feel like she’s a part of the environment she’s in and not separate from it and Fresco’s capabilities helped me do that. After I’d painted the background and her body, I used a brush to lightly graze some of the pink color of the background over her hand. That technique, applied to her hand, her arm, her shoe, helps make it seem like she’s jumping out of the background, instead of dancing in front of it.

我想让这个芭蕾舞演员融入她所处的环境，而不是与之分离，而 Fresco 的能力帮助我做到了这一点。 在我给她的身体和背景上色之后，我用画笔在她的手上轻轻地涂抹了一些粉红色的背景。 这种技巧应用在她的手、手臂、鞋子上，让她看起来像是从背景中跳出来，而不是在背景前跳舞。

The painting also shows the effects of depth and texture you can achieve with Fresco. If you brush lightly with a small amount of paint on your brush, the texture of the canvas will show through your paint, which you can see in the area of the ballerina’s hand.

这幅画还展示了用 Fresco 可以达到的深度和纹理效果。 如果你在画笔上轻轻地刷上少量的颜料，画布的纹理会通过你的颜料显示出来，你可以在芭蕾舞演员的手部区域看到。

If you use lots of paint, you’ll see ridges and brush marks, like those above, that give the painting a natural sense of depth and dimension.

如果你使用大量的颜料，你会看到像上面那样的斑驳和毛刷的痕迹，这给了这幅画一种自然的深度和维度感。

Watercolor brushes

水彩笔刷

Watercolors can be polarizing among artists. I love them because of the natural way paint blooms, spreading from where you apply it into neighboring parts of the paper. That can lead to beautiful effects and mixing of colors that you didn’t exactly intend, but that make a picture unique. But some artists find it very frustrating that watercolors seem to have a mind of their own.

艺术家们对水彩的态度可能是两极分化的。 我之所以喜欢它们，是因为它们能自然地画出花朵，从你涂抹的地方扩散到纸张的邻近部分。 产生美丽的渗透和颜色混合效果，你无法掌控一切，但正是这样才让这一张画变得独一无二。 也有一些艺术家觉得水彩颜料的自作主张让人感到挫败。

Fresco gives you the advantages of watercolors without the frustrations. The paints still bloom and mix as they do with real-life watercolors, but if you don’t like what that natural interaction produced, you can undo it or erase part of it. Want one section to stop bleeding into another? You can dry it with a tap. You can even draw a shape, paint within it and prevent the paint from spreading beyond the boundaries of that shape.

Fresco 能给你没有挫败感的水彩。 颜料仍然像现实生活中的水彩颜料一样晕散和混合，但是如果你不喜欢这种自然的交互作用，你可以撤销它或者擦掉一部分。 想要一个部位停止渗透到另一个部位？ 你点击一下就可以把它弄干。 你甚至可以画出一个形状，在其中绘画，并防止颜料蔓延超出形状的边界。

You can see the blooming effect in the sky in this picture. After I painted the sky, I took a brush with no paint, only water, and painted areas on the right side of the painting. That pushed the pigment toward the dry part of the paper, producing that nebulous, light area of the sky that naturally blends into the darker portion.

你可以在这张照片中看到天空中云雾弥漫的效果。 在我画完天空之后，我用了一个没有颜料的笔刷，只有水，并且在画的右边画了一些区域。 这样就把颜料推向了纸张的干燥部分，产生了天空中模糊的光区，自然地融入了较暗的部分。

Another watercolor technique I love is called a variegated wash, in which you blend two colors together fluidly. You see it at work in the fisherman’s head where the color of the bottom of his hat melds into the shadow on his face and then gradually becomes the pink of his skin.

另一种我喜欢的水彩技法叫做斑驳水彩，你可以流畅地将两种颜色混合在一起。 你可以在渔夫的头上看到它的作用，他帽子底部的颜色融入他脸上的阴影，然后逐渐变成他皮肤的粉红色。

If you’ve tried watercolors in the past and found them frustrating, I urge you to give them another shot in Fresco. With it, you can experiment and discover the “happy accidents” that watercolors can produce while letting you undo the unhappy accidents that would otherwise make you start over.

如果你水彩画曾经让你感到令人沮丧，我希望你使用 Fresco 再给它另一个机会。 有了它，你可以实验和发现“快乐的意外” ，开心的画水彩画，同时你可以撤销不满意的意外，避免从头开始。

Photoshop brushes

Photoshop 笔刷

Fresco lets you use hundreds of thousands of brushes created with the Photoshop brush engine and that gives you amazing flexibility in what you create. Over the years, I’ve made thousands of Photoshop brushes – formerly available through KyleBrush.com and now available through Creative Cloud – so I know how versatile they are. Some Photoshop brushes, also known as pixel brushes, recreate simple tools like crayons or ink pens, others produce effects that would take hours to recreate by hand, like a brush that paints a string of foliage or that emulates the half-tone look of comics. Using pixel brushes, you can combine materials and techniques that wouldn’t go together with real-life materials.

Fresco 可以让你使用成千上万的笔刷，这些笔刷都是用 Photoshop 的笔刷引擎创建的，这让你在创建时拥有惊人的灵活性。 多年来，我制作了成千上万的 Photoshop 笔刷——以前可以通过 KyleBrush.com 获得，现在可以通过 Creative Cloud 获得——所以我知道它们是多么的多才多艺。 一些 Photoshop 笔刷(也称为像素笔刷)可以重新创建像蜡笔或墨水笔这样的简单工具，其他一些笔刷则需要数小时才能手工重新创建效果，比如画出一串树叶的笔刷，或者模仿漫画的半色调外观。 使用像素笔刷，你可以结合使用不同的画材和技术，甚至是那些现实生活中不可能同时使用的画材。

One example is the dinosaur rising out of the lake. I used a brush with acrylic paint for his gleaming outer edges, but to get that mottled skin I used a combination of pink, green and purple pastels. Mixing pastels and acrylics doesn’t always work as well on actual paper, but pixels don’t care – they’ll let you use any material that brings your painting to life.

一个例子就是从湖里爬出来的恐龙。 我用丙烯颜料画出他闪闪发光的外边缘，然后为了得到它斑驳的皮肤，我用粉红色，绿色和紫色粉彩的组合。 在现实中，要在纸上混合粉彩和丙烯颜料是很困难的，但数字绘画不在乎——你可以使用任何画材，来让你的绘画栩栩如生。

You can also use Photoshop layer blending modes in Fresco and they help you create subtle effects that are really hard to produce with natural materials. An example is this warm area of the sky. First I painted the blue sky. Then I added a layer and painted with a soft, round brush with yellow and orange together. I duplicated this warmer layer and set it to the overlay blend mode, which takes all the colors below and tints them with the colors above. I could have produced those kinds of subtle effects with natural materials, but it would have been a lot more work.

你也可以在 Fresco 中使用 Photoshop 图层混合模式，它们可以帮助你创建微妙的效果，这些效果很难用自然材质制作。 一个例子就是这片温暖的天空区域。 首先，我画了蓝天。 然后我添加了一个层，并用一个柔软的，圆形刷黄色和橙色一起绘制。 我复制了这个温暖的图层，并将其设置为叠加混合模式，该模式采用下面的所有颜色，并将它们与上面的颜色进行调色。 我用天然材料也可以制作出这些微妙的效果，但这需要更多的工作。

Vector brushes 矢量笔刷

There are a couple things I love about vector brushes, like the ones I used in this illustration.

我喜欢矢量笔刷，就像我在这张插图中所演示的。

First, they’re infinitely scalable. This image is a pretty small file, but you could enlarge it to print on the side of a building and there would be no pixilation or ragged edges. It would look just as good as it does here.

首先，它们可以无限扩展。 这是一个相当小的图像文件，但你可以放大它打印在一个建筑物的一面，也不会有锯齿或参差不齐的边缘。 它看起来会和这里一样好。

Second, they’re perfectly clean. Sometimes, as with the ballerina image above, you want colors to mix and blend. And sometimes, as with this illustration, you want every color to stay in its lane. That’s easy to do with vector images. I used vector brushes to do this basic line drawing, but I didn’t even need brushes to color in much of it – I just used the paint bucket. The color I chose would magically fill in whatever shape I put it in and stop exactly at the line.

其次，它们非常干净。 有时候，就像上面的芭蕾舞女演员图片一样，你希望颜色可以混合。 有时候，就像这个例子一样，你希望所有的颜色都保持在同一条线上。 这对于矢量图像来说很容易做到。 我使用矢量笔刷做这个基本的线条画，但我甚至不需要笔刷的颜色在它的大部分-我只是使用油漆桶。 我选择的颜色会奇迹般地填充我放进去的任何形状，完全不会超出线条。

If your hand is a little unsteady or you don’t want a hand-drawn look, you can turn up the smoothing feature and your lines and curves will look more perfect and precise.

如果你的手有点不稳定，或者你不想要手绘的效果，你可以打开平滑功能，你的线条和曲线看起来会更加完美和精确。

Of course, vectors are the basis of Adobe Illustrator, so you can create an image in Fresco, open it in llustrator, and do more work on it there.

当然，矢量是 Adobe Illustrator 的基础，所以你可以在 Fresco 中创建一个图像，在 llustrator 中打开它，然后在那里做更多的工作。

As you can tell, I’m pretty excited about the release of Fresco and our team is hard at work developing even more features for future releases. We are building this app with the help and participation of the illustration community to make it the best it can be.

正如你所看到的，我对 Fresco 的发布感到非常兴奋，我们的团队正在努力为未来的版本开发更多的特性。 在插图社区的帮助和参与下，我们正在构建这个应用程序，使它成为最好的。

If you’re interested in trying Fresco for yourself, you have a great opportunity. In celebration of The 2019 Big Draw Festival, you can join free art sessions at any Apple store throughout the month of October. You’ll be able to try Fresco on iPad and take part in fun drawing activities.

如果你有兴趣尝试自己的 Fresco，你有一个很好的机会。 为了庆祝2019年的绘画嘉年华，你可以在整个10月份参加任何苹果商店的免费艺术活动。 你可以在 iPad 上尝试 Fresco，参加有趣的绘画活动。

I know that professional artists will find a lot to love in Fresco. But I’m just as eager to have kids and people who have never thought of themselves as artists try it. Fresco on iPad lets you experiment with materials that most novices would never have access to. You can try out different kinds of media and different techniques and if things don’t turn out the way you expected, you can just undo and try something else. It’s the kind of flexible and forgiving environment that I hope will lead lots more people to discover the joys of painting and drawing.

我知道专业的艺术家会在壁画中发现很多可爱之处。 但是我同样渴望有孩子和那些从来没有没想过要成为艺术家的人去尝试。 Ipad 上的 Fresco 可以让你尝试大多数新手无法接触到的画材。 你可以尝试不同类型的材料和不同的技术，如果事情没有按照你预期的方式发展，你可以撤销并尝试其他的东西。 我希望这种灵活、宽容的环境能够引导更多的人去发现绘画和素描的乐趣。

原文地址 https://theblog.adobe.com/four-paintings-that-show-what-you-can-do-in-adobe-fresco/