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来源： 公众号“清晨朗读会”
https://sivers.org/mindset
Fixed mindset vs Growth mindset
One of the most important concepts I’ve learned is the difference between the “fixed” mindset and the “growth” mindset.
我最近了解到的最重要的概念之一，就是“固定型”和“成长型”思维方式之间的区别。
It’s a little bit like “nature vs nurture”:
有一点像“先天”和“后天”的区别：
People in a fixed mindset believe you either are or aren’t good at something, based on your inherent nature, because it’s just who you are.
固定型思维的人觉得你是不是擅长一件事，取决于你的内在天赋，那才是真正的你。
People in a growth mindset believe anyone can be good at anything, because your abilities are entirely due to your actions.
成长型思维的人认为任何人在任何领域都可以取得成功，因为你的能力完全取决于你的行动。
This sounds simple, but it’s surprisingly deep. The fixed mindset is the most common and the most harmful, so it’s worth understanding and considering how it’s affecting you.
这听起来很简单，但实际上却出奇得深奥。固定型思维是最普遍的思维，同时伤害也是最大的，所以值得深入地理解和考虑它是如何影响你的。
For example:
举例来说：
In a fixed mindset, you believe “She’s a natural born singer” or “I’m just no good at dancing.”
在固定型思维中，你坚信“她是一个天生的歌手”或者“我就是不擅长跳舞。”
In a growth mindset, you believe “Anyone can be good at anything. Skill comes only from practice.”
而在成长型思维中，你相信“有志者事竟成。熟能生巧。”
The fixed mindset believes trouble is devastating. If you believe, “You’re either naturally great or will never be great,” then when you have any trouble, your mind thinks, “See? You’ll never be great at this. Give up now.”
拥有固定型思维的人觉得麻烦就是灾难。如果你觉得，“你要么是天生伟大，要么永远不会变得伟大”，那么当你遇到些麻烦的时候就不禁会想“看到了吧？你永远不会成功的。现在就放弃吧。”
The growth mindset believes trouble is just important feedback in the learning process.
成长性思维的人认为遇到的麻烦只是学习过程中重要的反馈。
Can you see how this subtle difference in mindset can change everything?
你能理解不同思维方式之间的微妙不同是如何改变一切的吗？
More examples:
还有更多的例子呢：
In a fixed mindset, you want to hide your flaws so you’re not judged or labeled a failure.
固定型思维的你想要掩藏自己的缺点，这样别人就不会判定你是失败的，或者给你贴个“失败者”的标签。
In a growth mindset, your flaws are just a TO-DO list of things to improve.
在成长型思维中，你的思维就是你前进路上的“待办事项”列表。
In a fixed mindset, you stick with what you know to keep up your confidence.
在固定型思维中，你坚持自己所知道的，这样才能让自己保持信心。
In a growth mindset, you keep up your confidence by always pushing into the unfamiliar, to make sure you’re always learning.
在成长型思维中，保持信心的方式是不断迫使自己接触不熟悉的事物，确保自己一直在学习。
In a fixed mindset, you look inside yourself to find your true passion and purpose, as if this is a hidden inherent thing.
在固定型思维中，你会不断反省自己，想找到真正的热情和人生目标，仿佛这些东西是天生的一样。
In a growth mindset, you commit to mastering valuable skills regardless of mood, knowing passion and purpose come from doing great work, which comes from expertise and experience.
在成长型思维中，你会不带情绪地去掌握有价值的技巧，并且明白热情和目标在做伟大事情的过程当中就会显现，这需要专业知识和经验。
In a fixed mindset, failures define you.
在固定型思维中，失败限定了你。
In a growth mindset, failures are temporary setbacks.
在成长型思维中，失败只是暂时的挫折。
In a fixed mindset, you believe if you’re romantically compatible with someone, you should share all of eachother’s views, and everything should just come naturally.
在固定型思维中，如果你很浪漫地遇到了那个与你合得来的人，你们应该相互分享所有的观点，所有事情都应该水到渠成。
In a growth mindset, you believe a lasting relationship comes from effort and working through inevitable differences.
在成长型思维中，你会觉得长久的关系源于努力维护，磨合差异。
In a fixed mindset, it’s all about the outcome. If you fail, you think all effort was wasted.
在固定型思维中，结果最重要。如果失败了，所有的努力都白费了。
In a growth mindset, it’s all about the process, so the outcome hardly matters.
在成长型思维中，关心的是过程，结果其实没那么重要。
And yes, the mindset itself is not fixed. You can change your mindset just by thinking it through.
没错，思维当然不是一成不变的。想改变自己的思维方式只需要彻底地把事情想清楚。
By Derek Sivers
