概要
Quartz是一款强大的开源任务调度框架。主要用到了Builder模式，factory模式，组件模式和链式写法。包括了三个核心概念，分别是调度器，任务和触发器。
重要组成部分
Job：实现任务逻辑的任务接口。
JobDetail：JobDetail为Job实例提供了许多设置属性，以及JobDataMap成员变量属性，它用来存储特定Job实例的状态信息，调度器需要借助JobDetail对象来添加Job实例。重要的属性如下：name、group、jobClass、jobDataMap。
JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(HelloJob.class)
.withIdentity("myJob", "ground1").build();
System.out.println("jobDetail name:"+jobDetail.getKey().getName());// myJob
System.out.println("jobDetail group:"+jobDetail.getKey().getGroup());// ground1
System.out.println("jobDetail jobClass:"+jobDetail.getJobClass().getName());// com.study.quartz.HelloJob
JobBuilder
JobStore
Trigger
TriggerBuilder
ThreadPool
Scheduler
calendar：一个Trigger可以和多个Calendar关联，以排除或包含某些时间点。
监听器：JobListener,TriggerListener,ScheduerListener
Quartz的Hello Word
1.创建一个maven工程，并引入Quartz的相关jar
<dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
<version>2.3.0</version>
</dependency>
2.创建一个job类
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
public class HelloJob implements Job{
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException {
//打印当前的执行时间
Date date = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.out.println("当前时间为："+sf.format(date));
//编写具体的业务逻辑
System.out.println("Hello World");
}
}
3.创建一个Scheduler类
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import org.quartz.JobBuilder;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
public class HelloScheduler {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
// 创建一个JobDetail实例，将实例与HelloJob绑定
JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(HelloJob.class)
.withIdentity("myJob", "ground1").build();
// 创建一个Trigger实例，定义该Job立即执行，并且每隔两秒钟重复执行一次
Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder
.newTrigger()
.withIdentity("myTrigger", "group1")
.startNow()
.withSchedule(
SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule()
.withIntervalInSeconds(2).repeatForever())
.build();
//创建Schedule实例
SchedulerFactory sFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = sFactory.getScheduler();
scheduler.start();
//打印当前时间
Date date = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.out.println("当前时间为："+sf.format(date));
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
}
}
Job中的JobExecutionContext
- 当Scheduler调用一个job，就会将JobExecutionContext传递给Job的execute方法。
- Job可以通过JobExecutionContext对象访问到Quartz运行时候的环境以及Job本身的明细数据。
JobDataMap
- 在进行任务调度时JobDataMap存储在JobExecutionContext中，方便获取。
- JobDataMap可以用来装载任何可序列化的数据对象，当job实例对象被执行时这些参数对象就会传递给他。
- JobDataMap实现了JDK的Map接口，并且添加了一些方便的方法用来存取基本的数据类型。
JobDataMap的获取方式
我们修改了HelloScheduler类，并传入了一些我们自定义的参数和值，如何在job中获取这些值，就使用到了JobDataMap对象。
public class HelloScheduler {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
// 创建一个JobDetail实例，将实例与HelloJob绑定
JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(HelloJob.class)
.withIdentity("myJob", "ground1")
.usingJobData("message", "Hello job")
.usingJobData("doubleJobValue", 66.6).build();
// 创建一个Trigger实例，定义该Job立即执行，并且每隔两秒钟重复执行一次
Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder
.newTrigger()
.withIdentity("myTrigger", "group1")
.usingJobData("message", "Hello trigger")
.usingJobData("doubleTrigglerValue", 88.8)
.startNow()
.withSchedule(
SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule()
.withIntervalInSeconds(2).repeatForever())
.build();
//创建Schedule实例
SchedulerFactory sFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = sFactory.getScheduler();
scheduler.start();
//打印当前时间
Date date = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.out.println("当前时间为："+sf.format(date));
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
}
}
Job类中JobDataMap的获取方式如下，包含了如何获取trigger中的自定义的参数值。
public class HelloJob implements Job{
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
//打印当前的执行时间
Date date = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.out.println("当前时间为："+sf.format(date));
//编写具体的业务逻辑
JobKey key = context.getJobDetail().getKey();
System.out.println("Job的name属性值和group属性值分别为："+key.getName()+":"+key.getGroup());
TriggerKey trKey = context.getTrigger().getKey();
System.out.println("Trigger的name属性值和group属性值分别为："+trKey.getName()+":"+trKey.getGroup());
JobDataMap dataMap = context.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
JobDataMap tDataMap = context.getTrigger().getJobDataMap();
String jobMsg = dataMap.getString("message");
double doubleJobValue = dataMap.getDouble("doubleJobValue");
String tiggerMsg = tDataMap.getString("message");
double doubleTrigglerValue = tDataMap.getDouble("doubleTrigglerValue");
System.out.println("jobMsg："+jobMsg);
System.out.println("doubleJobValue："+doubleJobValue);
System.out.println("tiggerMsg："+tiggerMsg);
System.out.println("doubleTrigglerValue："+doubleTrigglerValue);
}
}
输出结果为：
当前时间为：2018-01-22 17:03:29
Job的name属性值和group属性值分别为：myJob:ground1
Trigger的name属性值和group属性值分别为：myTrigger:group1
jobMsg：Hello job
doubleJobValue：66.6
tiggerMsg：Hello trigger
doubleTrigglerValue：88.8
也可以使用成员变量的getter和setter获取
修改job类的代码如下
public class HelloJob implements Job{
private String message;
private double doubleJobValue;
private double doubleTrigglerValue;
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
public double getDoubleJobValue() {
return doubleJobValue;
}
public void setDoubleJobValue(double doubleJobValue) {
this.doubleJobValue = doubleJobValue;
}
public double getDoubleTrigglerValue() {
return doubleTrigglerValue;
}
public void setDoubleTrigglerValue(double doubleTrigglerValue) {
this.doubleTrigglerValue = doubleTrigglerValue;
}
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
//打印当前的执行时间
Date date = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.out.println("当前时间为："+sf.format(date));
//编写具体的业务逻辑
JobKey key = context.getJobDetail().getKey();
System.out.println("Job的name属性值和group属性值分别为："+key.getName()+":"+key.getGroup());
TriggerKey trKey = context.getTrigger().getKey();
System.out.println("Trigger的name属性值和group属性值分别为："+trKey.getName()+":"+trKey.getGroup());
System.out.println("Msg："+message);
System.out.println("doubleJobValue："+doubleJobValue);
System.out.println("doubleTrigglerValue："+doubleTrigglerValue);
}
}
结果为
Job的name属性值和group属性值分别为：myJob:ground1
Trigger的name属性值和group属性值分别为：myTrigger:group1
Msg：Hello trigger
doubleJobValue：66.6
doubleTrigglerValue：88.8
未完，待续
