1.创建word模板，注意兼容性

建议使用office的word创建doc文件，并且将word另存为2003的xml文件。将xml文件中需要替换的内容使用${}替换，{}内为map的key。若需要插入图片，需要先在word模板中插入图片，转成xml模板后把图片的base64码替换。

2.根据模板导出word工具类

import freemarker.template.Configuration;
import freemarker.template.Template;
import org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 使用模板导出word
 *
 * @author archie Lin
 * @date 2018-11-13
 */
public class WordUtils {

    public static String exportMillCertificateWord(HttpServletRequest request, Map map,
                                                   String title, String ftlFile) throws IOException {
        String templateFolder =
                ContextLoader.getCurrentWebApplicationContext().getServletContext().getRealPath("/") + CommonConstant.FILE_FOLDER;
        //文件的名称
        String absoluteStrFilePath = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/").replace("rest", "web") +
                CommonConstant.FILE_TEMP_FOLDER;
        Configuration configuration = null;
        configuration = new Configuration();
        configuration.setDefaultEncoding("utf-8");
        try {
            configuration.setDirectoryForTemplateLoading(new File(templateFolder));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        Template freemarkerTemplate = configuration.getTemplate(ftlFile);
        File filePath = new File(absoluteStrFilePath);
        if (!CommonMethod.isHasFolder(filePath)) {
            CommonMethod.createFolder(filePath);
        }
        //文件的路径
        StringBuffer fileUrl = new StringBuffer();
        String fileName = title + TimeUtils.getTimeStamp() + ".doc";
        fileUrl.append(absoluteStrFilePath);
        fileUrl.append(fileName);
        String fileUrlStr = fileUrl.toString();
        File file = null;
        FileInputStream fin = null;
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
        try {
            // 调用工具类的createDoc方法生成Word文档
            file = createDoc(map, freemarkerTemplate, templateFolder);
            fin = new FileInputStream(file);
            fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File(fileUrlStr));
            byte[] buffer = new byte[512];
            int bytesToRead = -1;
            while ((bytesToRead = fin.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                fileOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, bytesToRead);
            }
        } finally {
            if (fin != null) {
                fin.close();
            }
            if (fileOutputStream != null) {
                fileOutputStream.close();
            }
            if (file != null) {
                file.delete();
            }
        }
        return fileName;
    }

    private static File createDoc(Map<?, ?> dataMap, Template template, String templateFolder) {
        String name = "temp" + TimeUtils.currTime7() + ".doc";
        File f = new File(templateFolder + name);
        Template t = template;
        try {
            Writer w = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(f), "utf-8");
            t.process(dataMap, w);
            w.close();
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
        }
        return f;
    }
}