Dear friends, Friday again.Welcome to POETRY & BOOZE.It is very happy to meet you again.
莎士比亚-十四行诗(节选)
SONNET #1
by: William Shakespeare
FROM fairest creatures we desire increase,
That thereby beauty's rose might never die,
But as the riper should by time decease,
His tender heir might bear his memory;
But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes,
Feed'st thy light's flame with self-substantial fuel,
Making a famine where abundance lies,
Thyself thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel.
Thout that are now the world's fresh ornament
And only herald to the gaudy spring,
Within thine own bud buriest thy content
And, tender churl, mak'st waste in niggarding.
Pity the world, or else this glutton be,
To eat the world's due, by the grave and thee.
至芳留韵玫瑰久。
岁月诱、老先朽。
后丽续前沿季秀。
君眸自恋，春燃身吼，沃土何饥瘦。
俊柔身却如仇寇。
鲜艳时华似春柳。
初蕊自残生吝垢。
遗群无秀，伴私同陋，落墓清华旧。
注释
2.That 以便，等同于so that。
3.riper 成熟的玫瑰。
5-8.thou,thine,thy,thyself相当于现代英语中的you,your,yourself,thy和thine是物主代词，只是thine用在以元音开头的词前面。
5.contracted 与...签合同的，与...订婚的。
6.Feed'st 在当时的英语中，当主语是第二人称单数thou时，在一般现在时中要在动词后加屈折词尾-est，正如在现代英语中如果主语是第三人称单数，一般现在时动词后要加-s一样。这里的feed'st本来应该是feedest，两个音节，省略feedest中的e是为了减少一个音节，这是格律的需要。
9-11.这三行的基本结构是Thou buriest thy content within thine own bud;
that...gaudy spring是定语从句，修饰第9行中的Thou。
9.Thou that art在莎士比亚时代的英语中，当主语是thou时，动词be的一般现在是art，所以Thou that art 就是You who are。
10.herald 使者。
11.buriest 参见第6行中feed'st的注解。
12.churl 吝啬鬼，小气鬼。niggard 动词，吝啬，小气。
13.glutton 贪吃的人。
14.the world'due 你的孩子，你因为不结婚生子而前世界的东西。
Comments:
Shakespeare uses the poem to encourage young people to marry at the proper time so that they can pass on their virtues to their children. Therefore, the good things would last forever. If you are alone all your life, no matter how wonderful your life is, after your death, nothing will exist.
However, I do not agree with him. Whether you married or not totally depends on yourself. If you can meet someone you love and he or she loves you, too, you are the luckiest person in the world. But if you are not lucky enogh, you can refuse to be married until you meet your Mr. Right. Having your own children is not only way to mantain good things. You can be a teacher, or adopt babies, etc. All these ways can achieve the same result.
@王淼
In this poem, Shakespeare persuaded his friend to marry to extend his youth. The green years were short.So in order to continue the youth, you must to marry and have children who would extend it. Human was the beautiful product of the nature, so human must continue this beauty. Human must obey the laws of nature.
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