Kafka 消费数据时序列化失败

如果出现以下异常

java.io.NotSerializableException: org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord
Serialization stack:
    - object not serializable (class: org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord, value: ConsumerRecord(topic = dec_message, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 0, 
    - element of array (index: 0)
    - array (class [Lorg.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;, size 11)
    at org.apache.spark.serializer.SerializationDebugger$.improveException(SerializationDebugger.scala:41)
    at org.apache.spark.serializer.JavaSerializationStream.writeObject(JavaSerializer.scala:46)
    at org.apache.spark.serializer.JavaSerializerInstance.serialize(JavaSerializer.scala:100)
    at org.apache.spark.executor.Executor$TaskRunner.run(Executor.scala:456)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
20/05/20 11:29:00 ERROR TaskSetManager: Task 0.0 in stage 0.0 (TID 0) had a not serializable result: org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord
Serialization stack:
    - object not serializable (class: org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord, 
    - element of array (index: 0)
    - array (class [Lorg.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;, size 11); not retrying
20/05/20 11:29:00 INFO TaskSchedulerImpl: Removed TaskSet 0.0, whose tasks have all completed, from pool 
20/05/20 11:29:00 INFO TaskSchedulerImpl: Cancelling stage 0
20/05/20 11:29:00 INFO TaskSchedulerImpl: Killing all running tasks in stage 0: Stage cancelled
20/05/20 11:29:00 INFO DAGScheduler: ResultStage 0 (print at DemoMain.java:58) failed in 0.419 s due to Job aborted due to stage failure: Task 0.0 in stage 0.0 (TID 0) had a not serializable result: org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord
Serialization stack:
    - object not serializable (class: org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord, value: ConsumerRecord(topic = dec_message, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 0, 
    - element of array (index: 0)
    - array (class [Lorg.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;, size 11)
20/05/20 11:29:00 INFO DAGScheduler: Job 0 failed: print at DemoMain.java:58, took 0.461578 s
20/05/20 11:29:00 INFO JobScheduler: Finished job streaming job 1589945340000 ms.0 from job set of time 1589945340000 ms
20/05/20 11:29:00 ERROR JobScheduler: Error running job streaming job 1589945340000 ms.0
org.apache.spark.SparkException: Job aborted due to stage failure: Task 0.0 in stage 0.0 (TID 0) had a not serializable result: org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord
Serialization stack:
    
    - element of array (index: 0)
    - array (class [Lorg.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;, size 11)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.failJobAndIndependentStages(DAGScheduler.scala:1889)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.$anonfun$abortStage$2(DAGScheduler.scala:1877)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.$anonfun$abortStage$2$adapted(DAGScheduler.scala:1876)
    at scala.collection.mutable.ResizableArray.foreach(ResizableArray.scala:62)
    at scala.collection.mutable.ResizableArray.foreach$(ResizableArray.scala:55)
    at scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer.foreach(ArrayBuffer.scala:49)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.abortStage(DAGScheduler.scala:1876)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.$anonfun$handleTaskSetFailed$1(DAGScheduler.scala:926)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.$anonfun$handleTaskSetFailed$1$adapted(DAGScheduler.scala:926)
    at scala.Option.foreach(Option.scala:274)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.handleTaskSetFailed(DAGScheduler.scala:926)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGSchedulerEventProcessLoop.doOnReceive(DAGScheduler.scala:2110)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGSchedulerEventProcessLoop.onReceive(DAGScheduler.scala:2059)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGSchedulerEventProcessLoop.onReceive(DAGScheduler.scala:2048)
    at org.apache.spark.util.EventLoop$$anon$1.run(EventLoop.scala:49)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.runJob(DAGScheduler.scala:737)
    at org.apache.spark.SparkContext.runJob(SparkContext.scala:2061)
    at org.apache.spark.SparkContext.runJob(SparkContext.scala:2082)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.kafka010.KafkaRDD.take(KafkaRDD.scala:139)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.kafka010.KafkaRDD.take(KafkaRDD.scala:48)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.DStream.$anonfun$print$3(DStream.scala:735)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.DStream.$anonfun$print$3$adapted(DStream.scala:734)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.ForEachDStream.$anonfun$generateJob$2(ForEachDStream.scala:51)
    at scala.runtime.java8.JFunction0$mcV$sp.apply(JFunction0$mcV$sp.java:23)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.DStream.createRDDWithLocalProperties(DStream.scala:416)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.ForEachDStream.$anonfun$generateJob$1(ForEachDStream.scala:51)
    at scala.runtime.java8.JFunction0$mcV$sp.apply(JFunction0$mcV$sp.java:23)
    at scala.util.Try$.apply(Try.scala:213)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.scheduler.Job.run(Job.scala:39)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.scheduler.JobScheduler$JobHandler.$anonfun$run$1(JobScheduler.scala:257)
    at scala.runtime.java8.JFunction0$mcV$sp.apply(JFunction0$mcV$sp.java:23)
    at scala.util.DynamicVariable.withValue(DynamicVariable.scala:62)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.scheduler.JobScheduler$JobHandler.run(JobScheduler.scala:257)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Exception in thread "main" org.apache.spark.SparkException: Job aborted due to stage failure: Task 0.0 in stage 0.0 (TID 0) had a not serializable result: org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord
Serialization stack:
    - object not serializable (class: org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord, 
    - element of array (index: 0)
    - array (class [Lorg.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;, size 11)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.failJobAndIndependentStages(DAGScheduler.scala:1889)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.$anonfun$abortStage$2(DAGScheduler.scala:1877)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.$anonfun$abortStage$2$adapted(DAGScheduler.scala:1876)
    at scala.collection.mutable.ResizableArray.foreach(ResizableArray.scala:62)
    at scala.collection.mutable.ResizableArray.foreach$(ResizableArray.scala:55)
    at scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer.foreach(ArrayBuffer.scala:49)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.abortStage(DAGScheduler.scala:1876)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.$anonfun$handleTaskSetFailed$1(DAGScheduler.scala:926)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.$anonfun$handleTaskSetFailed$1$adapted(DAGScheduler.scala:926)
    at scala.Option.foreach(Option.scala:274)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.handleTaskSetFailed(DAGScheduler.scala:926)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGSchedulerEventProcessLoop.doOnReceive(DAGScheduler.scala:2110)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGSchedulerEventProcessLoop.onReceive(DAGScheduler.scala:2059)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGSchedulerEventProcessLoop.onReceive(DAGScheduler.scala:2048)
    at org.apache.spark.util.EventLoop$$anon$1.run(EventLoop.scala:49)
    at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.runJob(DAGScheduler.scala:737)
    at org.apache.spark.SparkContext.runJob(SparkContext.scala:2061)
    at org.apache.spark.SparkContext.runJob(SparkContext.scala:2082)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.kafka010.KafkaRDD.take(KafkaRDD.scala:139)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.kafka010.KafkaRDD.take(KafkaRDD.scala:48)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.DStream.$anonfun$print$3(DStream.scala:735)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.DStream.$anonfun$print$3$adapted(DStream.scala:734)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.ForEachDStream.$anonfun$generateJob$2(ForEachDStream.scala:51)
    at scala.runtime.java8.JFunction0$mcV$sp.apply(JFunction0$mcV$sp.java:23)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.DStream.createRDDWithLocalProperties(DStream.scala:416)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.ForEachDStream.$anonfun$generateJob$1(ForEachDStream.scala:51)
    at scala.runtime.java8.JFunction0$mcV$sp.apply(JFunction0$mcV$sp.java:23)
    at scala.util.Try$.apply(Try.scala:213)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.scheduler.Job.run(Job.scala:39)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.scheduler.JobScheduler$JobHandler.$anonfun$run$1(JobScheduler.scala:257)
    at scala.runtime.java8.JFunction0$mcV$sp.apply(JFunction0$mcV$sp.java:23)
    at scala.util.DynamicVariable.withValue(DynamicVariable.scala:62)
    at org.apache.spark.streaming.scheduler.JobScheduler$JobHandler.run(JobScheduler.scala:257)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
20/05/20 11:29:00 INFO StreamingContext: Invoking stop(stopGracefully=false) from shutdown hook

解决办法

将ConsumerRecord类注册为使用Kyro序列化

    public SparkConf getSparkConf() {
        SparkConf sparkConf = new SparkConf()
                .setAppName("local_spark_statistics")
                .setMaster("local")
                .set("spark.serializer","org.apache.spark.serializer.KryoSerializer");
        sparkConf.registerKryoClasses((Class<?>[]) Arrays.asList(ConsumerRecord.class).toArray());
        return sparkConf;
    }

序列化在分布式系统中扮演着重要的角色，优化Spark程序时，首当其冲的就是对序列化方式的优化。Spark为使用者提供两种序列化方式：
 
Java serialization: 默认的序列化方式。
 
Kryo serialization: 相较于 Java serialization 的方式，速度更快，空间占用更小，但并不支持所有的序列化格式，同时使用的时候需要注册class。spark-sql中默认使用的是kyro的序列化方式。
 


一、如果需要多个类都使用Kyro序列化，可以自定义一个注册类，同时进行多个类的注册，如下
    主要的使用过程就三步：
    1.设置序列化使用的库
        conf.set("spark.serializer", "org.apache.spark.serializer.KryoSerializer");  //使用Kryo序列化库
    2.在该库中注册用户定义的类型
        conf.set("spark.kryo.registrator", toKryoRegistrator.class.getName());       //在Kryo序列化库中注册自定义的类集合
    3.在自定义类中实现KryoRegistrator接口的registerClasses方法.要求自定义类实现Serializable，即下面的temp1、temp2类
        public static class toKryoRegistrator implements KryoRegistrator {
            public void registerClasses(Kryo kryo) {
                kryo.register(tmp1.class, new FieldSerializer(kryo, tmp1.class));  //在Kryo序列化库中注册自定义的类
                kryo.register(tmp2.class, new FieldSerializer(kryo, tmp2.class));  //在Kryo序列化库中注册自定义的类
            }
        }
        
二、如果只是注册一个类使用Kyro序列化，直接使用如下即可
    1.设置序列化使用的库
        conf.set("spark.serializer", "org.apache.spark.serializer.KryoSerializer");  //使用Kryo序列化库
    2.注册序列化类
        conf.registerKryoClasses((Class<?>[]) Arrays.asList(ConsumerRecord.class).toArray());
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