title: 英语字典
date: 2018-08-09 14:47:40
tags: [english,basic]

易混，易忘

混

fade /feɪd/ |CET4 TEM4

fadingfadedfades

V-T/V-I When a coloured object fades or when the light fades it, it gradually becomes paler. 使褪色; 褪色
• All colour fades – especially under the impact of direct sunlight.
所有颜色都会褪色–尤其是在直射阳光的影响下。
• No matter how soft the light is, it still fades carpets and curtains in every room.
不论光线多么柔和，它仍然会使每个房间的地毯和窗帘褪色。

ADJ 褪色的
• ...a girl in a faded dress.
…一个穿褪色连衣裙的女孩。

V-I When light fades, it slowly becomes less bright. When a sound fades, it slowly becomes less loud. 逐渐变暗; 逐渐变弱
• Seaton lay on his bed and gazed at the ceiling as the light faded.
西顿躺在床上凝视着天花板， 那时光线逐渐变暗。

V-I If memories, feelings, or possibilities fade, they slowly become less intense or less strong. 逐渐变弱
• Sympathy for the rebels, the government claims, is beginning to fade.
政府声称对造反者的同情在开始减弱。
• Prospects for peace had already started to fade.
和平的前景已开始变得暗淡。
以上来源于《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
网络释义 专业释义 英英释义
褪色
消退
黑场
这么枯涸的
短语

fade 褪色消退黑场这么枯涸的

fade in 渐进渐明渐显渐强

Brake fade 制动失效降低制动效率减震器失效制动衰减
更多网络短语
词组短语 同近义词 同根词 词源

fade away 逐渐消失

fade out v. 淡出；渐弱

fade in 淡入；渐显

fade变暗
可能来自拉丁语fatuus, 无味的，愚笨的，词源同fatuous. 原用于食物清淡无味，后用于光线逐渐变暗。

来源：童理民

fade(n.)
early 14c., "loss of freshness or vigor," from fade (adj.), c. 1300, " lacking in brilliance; pale, discolored, dull," from Old French fade (see fade (v.)). As a type of tapering hairstyle from 1988 (fade-out style is in a 1985 "Ebony" article on men's haircuts).

from：etymonline

fade(v.)
early 14c., "lose brightness, grow pale," from Old French fader "become weak, wilt, wither," from fade (adj.) "pale, weak; insipid, tasteless" (12c.), probably from Vulgar Latin *fatidus, which is said to be a blending of Latin fatuus "silly, tasteless" and vapidus "flat, flavorless." Related: Faded; fading. Of sounds, by 1819. Transitive sense from 1590s; in cinematography from 1918. Adieu! adieu! thy plaintive anthem fades Past the near meadows, over the still stream, Up the hill-side; and now 'tis buried deep In the next valley-glades: Was it a vision, or a waking dream? Fled is that music:--Do I wake or sleep? [Keats, "Ode to a Nightingale"]

from：etymonline

fade
fade: [14] Fade comes from Old French fader, a derivative of the adjective fade ‘faded, vapid’. This in turn came from Vulgar Latin *fatidus, which probably represents an alteration of Latin fatuus ‘stupid, insipid’ (source of English fatuous [17]) under the influence of Latin vapidus ‘flat, lifeless’ (source of English vapid).=> fatuous, vapid

from：youdict

perspective /pəˈspɛktɪv/ |CET4 TEM4

n. 观点；远景；透视图

adj. 透视的

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N-COUNT A particular perspective is a particular way of thinking about something, especially one that is influenced by your beliefs or experiences. 思维方式; 看法
• He says the death of his father 18 months ago has given him a new perspective on life.
他说１８个月前他父亲的去世使他对人生产生了新的看法。
• ...two different perspectives on the nature of adolescent development.
…关于青春期发育特点的两种不同观点。

PHRASE If you get something in perspective or into perspective, you judge its real importance by considering it in relation to everything else. If you get something out of perspective, you fail to judge its real importance in relation to everything else. (看待事物) 正确/不正确地
• Remember to keep things in perspective.
记住要正确地看待事物。
• I let things get out of perspective.
我没能正确地看待事物。

1. [C] a way of thinking about something, especially one which is influenced by the type of person you are or by your experiences
   〔思考问题的〕角度，观点，想法
   RELTD viewpoint
   [+ on]
   •
   His father’s death gave him a whole new perspective on life. 父亲的死使他对生活有了全新的看法。
   from sb’s perspective
   •
   The novel is written from a child’s perspective. 这部小说是以一个孩子的视角写的。
   from a feminist/Christian/global etc perspective
   •
   We have to look at everything from an international perspective. 我们必须以国际视角来看待一切问题。
   •
   a much-needed historical perspective 非常必要的历史角度
   wider/broader perspective
   •
   Our work in Uganda and Romania adds a wider perspective. 在乌干达和罗马尼亚的工作经历更加开阔了我们的视角。

[U] a sensible way of judging and comparing situations so that you do not imagine that something is more serious than it really is
〔对事物的〕合理判断，正确认识
•
I think Viv’s lost all sense of perspective . 我认为维夫已不能明察事理。
•
The figures have to be put into perspective . 必须正确认识这些数字。
get/keep sth in perspective (=judge the importance of something correctly)正确判断某事物的重要性

[U] a method of drawing a picture that makes objects look solid and shows distance and depth, or the effect this method produces in a picture
透视（画）法；透视效果，透视感
•
the artist’s use of perspective 那位画家对透视法的运用

[C] formal a view, especially one in which you can see a long way into the distance
〔尤指由近而远的〕景，远景

pros‧pect 1 /'prɒspekt,ˋprɑspɛkt/ n. AC W2

n. 前途；预期；景色

vi. 勘探，找矿

vt. 勘探，勘察

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英 /'prɒspekt/
MEANINGS 义项

[C,U] the possibility that something will happen
可能性；希望
THESAURUS future
•
There is every prospect (= a strong possibility ) of the weather remaining dry this week. 本周天气很有可能持续干燥。
prospect of doing sth
•
I see no prospect of things improving here. 我看这里的情况不可能改善。
[+ for]
•
There are good prospects for growth in the retail sector. 零售行业有很好的发展前景。
prospect that
•
There’s a real prospect that England will not qualify for the World Cup. 英格兰队很有可能进不了世界杯决赛。

[singular,单数] a particular event which will probably or definitely happen in the future – used especially when you want to talk about how you feel about it
很可能发生的事情；必定发生的事情；前景〔尤用于谈论对事情的感受〕
[+ of]
•
The prospect of marriage terrified Alice. 想到要结婚，艾丽斯害怕极了。
•
Greeks face the prospect of new general elections next month. 下个月希腊人面临新的大选。
•
He relishes the prospect of a fight. 他渴望一场战斗。
daunting/exciting etc prospect 可怕的/激动人心等的前景
be excited/alarmed/concerned etc at the prospect (of sth)
•
She wasn’t exactly overjoyed at the prospect of looking after her niece. 想到要照看侄女，她并不怎么高兴。

prospects
[plural,复数] chances of future success
将来成功的机会，前途，前程
•
I had no job, no education, and no prospects . 我没有工作，没受过什么教育，前途渺茫。
job/career prospects
•
Job prospects for graduates don’t look good. 毕业生的就业前景看上去不妙。

[C] a person, job, plan etc that has a good chance of success in the future
有前途的人[工作，计划等]

in prospect
formal likely to happen in the near future
可能即将发生的
•
A new round of trade talks is in prospect. 可能即将举行新一轮的贸易会谈。

[C usually singular,一般用单数] formal a view of a wide area of land, especially from a high place
〔尤指从高处看到的〕景象，开阔的景观，景色

prospect /ˈprɒspɛkt/ |CET4 TEM4
prospectingprospectedprospects

N-VAR If there is some prospect of something happening, there is a possibility that it will happen. 可能性; 前景
• Unfortunately, there is little prospect of seeing these big questions answered.
遗憾的是，几乎没有可能看到这些重大问题得到解答。
• The prospects for peace in the country's eight-year civil war are becoming brighter.
在该国的8年内战中，和平的前景正变得越来越光明。

N-SING A particular prospect is something that you expect or know is going to happen. 将要发生的事
• There was a mixed reaction to the prospect of having new neighbours.
对于将要有新邻居这件事有多种反应。

N-PLURAL Someone's prospects are their chances of being successful, especially in their career. 成功的机会; 前途
• I chose to work abroad to improve my career prospects.
我选择到国外工作，以增进我的事业成功的机会。

V-I When people prospect for oil, gold, or some other valuable substance, they look for it in the ground or under the sea. 勘探
• He had prospected for minerals everywhere from the Gobi Desert to the Transvaal.
他在世界各地探过矿，从戈壁沙漠到德兰士瓦。

invest

• invest /ɪnˈvɛst/ |CET4 TEM4investinginvestedinvests

  • [V-T/V-I ](javascript:;)If you invest in something, or if you invest a sum of money, you use your money in a way that you hope will increase its value, for example, by putting it in a bank, or buying securities or property. 投 (资); 投资

    • Many people don't like to invest in stocks.
    许多人不喜欢投资股票。

    • I'm tired of watching you invest our money in insane projects.
    我看够了你将我们的钱投到一些荒唐的项目上。

  • [V-T/V-I ](javascript:;)If you invest in something useful, you buy it, because it will help you to do something more efficiently or more cheaply. 购买

    • The company has invested a six-figure sum in an electronic order-control system which is used to keep stores stocked.
    这家公司已经耗资6位数购买了电子定单控制系统来为商店进货。

  • [V-T/V-I ](javascript:;)When a government or organization invests in something, it gives or lends money for a purpose that it considers useful or profitable. (政府或机构) 投资

    • ...the need to invest in new technology.
    …这种投资于新技术的需要。

    • Government agencies must invest more funds in training and development programmes.
    政府机构必须将更多的资金投入到培训和开发项目中。

  • [V-T ](javascript:;)If you invest time or energy in something, you spend a lot of time or energy on it because you think it will be useful or successful. 投入 (时间、精力)

    • I would rather invest time in Rebecca than in the kitchen.
    我宁愿把时间花在丽贝卡身上，也不愿花在厨房里。

  • [V-T ](javascript:;)To invest someone with rights or responsibilities means to give them those rights or responsibilities legally or officially. 赋予

    • The constitution invested him with certain powers.
    宪法赋予了他一些权力。

in‧vest

/ɪn'vest,ɪnˋvɛst/

英 /ɪn'vest/

MEANINGS 义项

• [I,T] to buy shares, property, or goods because you hope that the value will increase and you can make a profit

  投资

  •I’ve got a few thousand dollars I’m looking to invest. 我有几千美元想作投资。

  invest (sth) in sth

  •Oliver made a fortune by investing in antique furniture. 奥利弗投资古董家具发了财。

  •Williams invested a large sum of money in Swiss stocks. 威廉斯投资了一大笔钱购买瑞士股票。

  •He had invested heavily (= invested a lot of money ) in the bond market. 他在债券市场作了大量投资。

• [I,T] if a government, business, or organization invests in something, they spend a large amount of money to improve it or help it succeed

  〔政府、企业或机构〕把〔资金〕投入，投资

  invest (sth) in sth

  •The city has invested millions of dollars in the museum. 这座城市对该博物馆已投入了数百万美元。

  •The factory plans to invest in new computers. 该工厂计划投资购买新电脑。

• [T] to use a lot of time, effort etc or spend money in order to make something succeed

  投入〔大量时间、精力、金钱等以成就某事〕

  invest sth in sth

  •It was very difficult to leave a home we had invested so much in. 那个家我们投入得太多，要离开真的很难。

PHRVB 短语动词

• invest (sth) in sthphr v

  to buy something or spend money or time on something, because it will be useful for you

  购买；投入〔金钱或时间〕在〔对自己有用的东西上〕

  •It’s about time you invested in a new shirt. 你该买件新衬衫了。

  •Everyone here has a lot invested in their careers. 这里的每个人都在自己的事业上投入大量时间。

• invest sb/sth with sthphr v

  to officially give someone power to do something

  把…授权给

  •Jody has invested Alan with great power over her career. 事业方面的事，乔迪几乎都听艾伦的。

  to make someone or something seem to have a particular quality or character

  使似乎具有〔某种特性或品性〕

  •Richard’s heavy-rimmed glasses invested him with an air of intelligence. 理查德的厚边眼镜使他看上去很有智慧。

REGISTER 语体

• In everyday English, people often say put money in/into something rather than invest insomething. 在日常英语中,人们常说put money in/into something,而不说invest in something

•He put money into his brother’s business. 他把钱投资到他弟弟的企业里。

•The government put in millions of pounds. 政府投资了几百万英镑。

invent

invent /ɪnˈvɛnt/ |CET4 TEM4inventinginventedinvents

• [V-T ](javascript:;)If you invent something such as a machine or process, you are the first person to think of it or make it. 发明

  • He invented the first electric clock.
  他发明了第一个电动钟。

• [V-T ](javascript:;)If you invent a story or excuse, you try to make other people believe that it is true when in fact it is not. 虚构

  • I stood still, trying to invent a plausible excuse.
  我静静地站着，努力想编出一个听上去可信的借口

MEANINGS 义项

• to make, design, or think of a new type of thing

  发明，创造

  •Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 亚历山大 · 格雷厄姆 · 贝尔于1876年发明了电话。

  Do not confuse with discover (= to be the first person to find something or to know that it exists ) . 不要与discover（发现）混淆: Scientists have discovered a new type of bacteria. 科学家发现了一种新的细菌。

• to think of an idea, story etc that is not true, usually in order to deceive people

  捏造，虚构〔观点、故事等，通常为了欺骗别人〕

  •They invented a very convincing alibi. 他们编造了很有说服力的不在犯罪现场的证据。

THESAURUS 词语辨析

• invent 发明,创造

  to think of an idea for a new product, machine etc, and design it or make it

  • •The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. 电话是亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔发明的。
  • •Who invented the Internet? 因特网是谁发明的？

  create 创造,设计

  to make or design something new and original

  • •We decided to create the software ourselves. 我们决定自己来设计这个软件。
  • •For her latest book, she has created a whole new group of characters. 她在自己的新书中塑造了一批全新的人物。

  think of sth/think up sth 想出[构思出]某事物

  to produce a new idea, plan, method, excuse etc by thinking

  • •I’ve thought of an idea. 我想出了一个主意。
  • •They’re always trying to think up new ways to improve efficiency. 他们总是在探索提高效率的新方法。

  come up with sth 想出某事物

  to produce a new idea, a way of dealing with something etc, especially a good one

  • •How did you come up with that idea? 你是怎么想出那个主意的？
  • •Ellis came up with the solution to the problem immediately. 埃利斯马上就想出了解决问题的办法。

  make sth up 编（造）出某物

  to invent a story, song, game, excuse etc

  • •My mother used to make up bedtime stories for us. 我妈妈以前常常给我们编睡前故事。
  • •I didn’t want to go to the class, so I decided to make up an excuse. 我不想去上课,因此决定编个借口。

  dream sth up 想出〔不同寻常的甚至疯狂的〕主意[计划]

  to think of an idea or plan, especially one that seems unusual or even crazy

  • •It can’t be easy dreaming up new advertisements all the time. 要不断地琢磨出新的广告绝非易事。
  • •I wonder who dreamt up that idea! 我在想是谁想出了那个点子！

  devise 发明,设计

  to invent a way of doing something, especially one that is clever or complicated

  • •This system was devised as a way of measuring students’ progress. 这套系统是为了评估学生的进步情况而设计的。

  conceive 构思,设想

  to think of a new idea, plan etc and develop it in your mind

  • •The project was originally conceived by a Dutch businessman two years ago. 这个计划最初是两年前由一位荷兰商人设想出来的。

invite

• invite |CET4 TEM4invitinginvitedinvites

  • [V-T ](javascript:;)If you invite someone to something such as a party or a meal, you ask them to come to it. 邀请

    • She invited him to her 26th birthday party in New Jersey.
    她邀请了他参加她在新泽西举办的26岁生日聚会。

    • Barron invited her to accompany him to the races.
    巴伦邀请了她陪他去看比赛。

  • [V-T ](javascript:;)If you are invited to do something, you are formally asked or given permission to do it. 邀请; 聘请

    • At a future date, managers will be invited to apply for a management buy-out.
    在将来的某一天，经理们将受邀参加一项管理层控股收购。

    • He invited me to go into partnership with him.
    他邀请了我与他合作。

  • [V-T ](javascript:;)If something you say or do invites trouble or criticism, it makes trouble or criticism more likely. 招致

    • Their refusal to compromise will inevitably invite more criticism from the UN.
    他们的拒绝让步将不可避免地招致来自联合国的更多批评。

  • [N-COUNT ](javascript:;)An invite is an invitation to something such as a party or a meal. 请贴

    • She tried to wangle an invite to the party.
    她试图骗取一张聚会请柬。

MEANINGS 义项

• to ask someone to come to a party, wedding, meal etc

  邀请

  •I’m afraid I wasn’t invited. 恐怕我没有受到邀请。

  invite sb to sth

  •Who should we invite to the party? 我们该邀请谁来参加聚会？

  invite sb to do sth

  •Gail invited me to stay with her while her husband was out of town. 盖尔邀请我在她丈夫出城时住在她家。

  invite sb for sth

  •Why don’t you invite her for a drink at the club one evening? 你何不找个晚上请她到俱乐部去喝一杯？

• to politely ask someone to do something

  〔礼貌地〕请求〔某人做某事〕

  invite sb to do sth

  •Anyone interested in contributing articles is invited to contact the editor. 凡是有兴趣投稿的人请和编辑联系。

• to encourage something bad to happen, especially without intending to

  〔尤指无意地〕招致〔不好的事〕

  •Any government that sells arms to dictators is inviting trouble. 任何向独裁者出售武器的政府都是在自找麻烦。

PHRVB 短语动词

• invite sb alongphr v

  to ask someone if they would like to come with you when you are going somewhere

  〔去某地时〕邀请〔某人〕同往

  •Why don’t you invite Barbara along? 你为什么不请芭芭拉和你一同前往？

• invite sb backphr v

  to ask someone to come to your home, hotel etc after you have been out somewhere together

  〔在与某人一同外出之后〕邀请…到自己家中

  • •Richard often used to invite me back for coffee after the show.过去理查德常常在看完演出后请我到他家里喝咖啡。

    ​

  to ask someone to come to your home, your office etc again

  再次邀请〔某人到家里、办公室等〕

  •If you keep arguing with Gerry, they won’t invite us back. 如果你继续和格里争吵，他们就不会再邀请我们了。

• invite sb inphr v

  to ask someone to come into your home

  邀请〔某人〕进屋

  •After a few seconds, the door opened and Mrs Barnes invited me in. 几秒钟后，门开了，巴恩斯夫人请我进屋。

• invite sb outphr v

  to ask someone to go somewhere with you, especially to a restaurant or film

  邀请〔某人〕外出〔尤其是去饭店或看电影〕

  • •We invited Clarissa out for ice cream.我们邀请克拉丽莎一起去吃冰激凌。

    ​

• invite sb overphr v

  to ask someone to come to your home, usually for a drink or a meal

  邀请〔某人〕来家里〔通常来喝酒或吃饭〕

  • •Max has invited me over for dinner.马克斯已邀请我去他家吃晚饭。

previously /ˈpriːvɪəslɪ/

• [ADV ](javascript:;)Previously means at some time before the period that you are talking about. 先前地

  • Guyana's railways were previously owned by private companies.
  圭亚那的铁路先前为私营公司所拥有。

  • The contract was awarded to a previously unknown company.
  该合同给了一家先前不知名的公司。

• [ADV ](javascript:;)You can use previously to say how much earlier one event was than another event. (某时长) 之前

  • He had first entered the House 12 years previously.
  他12年前首次进入了众议院。

以上来源于《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

• [网络释义](javascript:;)

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• [专业释义](javascript:;)

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• [英英释义](javascript:;)

• [ 先前](javascript:;)

• [ 在以前](javascript:;)

• [ 早先](javascript:;)

• [ 从前](javascript:;)

• 短语

  • [Previously](javascript:;) 先前在以前早先从前

  • [As previously](javascript:;) 如前

  • [previously indicated](javascript:;) 此前曾表示以前表示以前已经指出

  • 更多网络短语

• [同近义词](javascript:;)

• ​

• [同根词](javascript:;)

• ​

• [词源](javascript:;)

• • adv.

    以前；预先；仓促地

    [in advance] (javascript:;)[ago] (javascript:;)[formerly] (javascript:;)[ahead] (javascript:;) [back](javascript:;)

pre‧vi‧ous‧ly

/'priːviəsli,ˋprivɪəslɪ/

AC

S3

W2

英 /'priːviəsli/

MEANINGS 义项

• before now or before a particular time

  以前，先前

  [THESAURUS](javascript:;) [before](javascript:;)

  •Almost half the group had previously been heavy smokers. 该群体中近一半人以前烟瘾都很大。

  two days/three years etc previously (=two days, three years etc before)两天/三年等以前

  •Six months previously he had smashed up his car. 六个月以前他撞毁了自己的汽车。

预测 /yù cè/

• • calculate; forecast; prognosis; divine; forecasting; foreshadowing; predetermination:

    calculate an eclipse of the sun; 预测日蚀

    detect a typhoon; 预测台风

以上来源于《新汉英大辞典》

• [网络释义](javascript:;)

• [ prediction](javascript:;)

• [ Forecast](javascript:;)

• [ project](javascript:;)

• [ foretell](javascript:;)

predict /prɪˈdɪkt/ |CET4 TEM4

predictingpredictedpredicts
V-T If you predict an event, you say that it will happen. 预言
• The latest opinion polls are predicting a very close contest.
最新的民意测验预言将是一场势均力敌的竞赛。
• He predicted that my hair would grow back "in no time."
他预言我的头发会“马上”再长出来。

MEANINGS 义项

to say that something will happen, before it happens
预言，预料，预测
RELTD prediction
•
Sales were five percent lower than predicted. 销售额比预期低5%。
•
As Liz had predicted , the rumours were soon forgotten. 正如利兹所预料的，流言很快就被淡忘了。
predict (that)
•
Newspapers predicted that Davis would be re-elected. 报纸预测戴维斯将再次当选。
predict whether/what/how etc
•
It is difficult to predict what the long-term effects of the accident will be. 很难预料这次事故将产生什么长远影响。
be predicted to do sth
•
Unemployment is predicted to increase to 700,000 by the end of the year. 预计到年底失业人数将增至70万。
THESAURUS 词语辨析

predict 预测,预言
to say that something will happen, before it happens
•
In the future, it may be possible to predict earthquakes. 将来有可能预测地震。
•
Scientists are trying to predict what the Amazon will look like in 20 years’ time. 科学家们正试图预测20年后亚马孙河的面貌。

forecast 预报,预测〔尤用于天气、经济情况或政治局势〕
to say what is likely to happen in the future, especially in relation to the weather or the economic or political situation
•
They’re forecasting a hard winter. 他们预报说将出现寒冬。
•
Economists forecast that there would be a recession. 经济学家预言将出现经济衰退。

project 〔利用已知信息〕推断,预计
to say what the amount, size, cost etc of something is likely to be in the future, using the information you have now
•
The world’s population is projected to rise by 45%. 世界人口预计将增加45%。

can say 能够预言,敢说
to be able to know what will happen in the future
•
No one can say what the next fifty years will bring. 没人能预言今后50年会发生什么。
•
I can’t say exactly how much it will cost. 我说不准那要花多少钱。

foretell 〔运用宗教力量或魔法〕预言,预示
to say correctly what will happen in the future, using special religious or magical powers
•
The woman claimed that she had the gift of foretelling the future. 那女人声称自己有预测未来的天赋。
•
It all happened as the prophet had foretold. 所发生的一切正如先知所预言的那样。

prophesy 〔因感知或运用宗教力量或魔法〕预言,预示
to say that something will happen because you feel that it will, or by using special religious or magical powers
•
He’s one of those people who are always prophesying disaster. 他是那种老是预言灾难的人。
•
The coming of a great Messiah is prophesied in the Bible. 《圣经》中预言将出现一位伟大的弥赛亚。

foresee 预见,预知
to know that something is going to happen before it happens
•
They should have foreseen these problems. 他们理应预见到这些问题。
•
No one foresaw the outcome of the war. 没有人预知会爆发这场战争。

have a premonition 〔尤指坏事发生前〕有预感
to have a strange feeling that something is about to happen, especially something bad, usually just before it happens
•
Suddenly I had a strange premonition of danger ahead. 我突然有一种奇怪的预感,觉得前面有危险。

psycho

n. 心理分析，精神分析；精神病患者
adj. 精神病的；精神病学的

词根：psycho

adj.
psychic 精神的；心灵的；灵魂的；超自然的

psychiatric 精神病学的；精神病治疗的

psychoactive 影响心理状态的；作用于精神的

psychoanalytic 精神分析的；心理分析的

psychiatrical 精神病治疗的；精神病学的

psychoanalytical 精神分析的

psychogenic 精神性的，心理性的

adv.
psychically 精神上

n.
psychic 灵媒；巫师

psychiatry 精神病学；精神病治疗法

psychoanalysis 精神分析；心理分析

psychogenesis [心理] 心理发生；精神发生

physiology /ˌfɪzɪˈɒlədʒɪ/ |TEM4

N-UNCOUNT Physiology is the scientific study of how people's and animals' bodies function, and of how plants function. 生理学
• ...the Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology.
…诺贝尔医学和生理学奖。

N-UNCOUNT The physiology of a human or animal's body or of a plant is the way that it functions. 生理机能
• ...the physiology of respiration.
…呼吸的生理机能。

ADJ 生理的
• ...the physiological effects of stress.
…压力的生理影响。

词根：physics

adj.
physiological 生理学的，生理的

adv.
physiologically 生理学方面

n.
physics 物理学；物理现象

physicist 物理学家；唯物论者

physiologist 生理学家，生理学者

physiography 地文学，地相学；自然地理学；自然现象志

physician /fɪˈzɪʃən/ |CET4 TEM4

N-COUNT A physician is a medical doctor. 内科医生
• ...your family physician.
…你的家庭医生。

mis-

mis- /ˈmɪs-/

PREFIX Mis- is added to some verbs and nouns to form new verbs and nouns which indicate that something is done badly or wrongly. 表示“坏的”、“错误的”或“不当地”
• The local newspaper misreported the story.
当地报纸误报了此事。
• He was eventually convicted for the misuse of official funds.
最终他因滥用公款被判有罪。

PREFIX lack of; not 表示“缺少”、“不”
• mistrust

mis-use:误用

live

live 1 /liv/

• vi.

  • 活着；有生命；生存：

    Is her father living?

    她父亲还健在吗?

  • 过活，过日子；过特定方式的生活：

    The old man is living in comfort.

    老人过着舒适的生活。

  • (按照规矩)管理生活，控制生活：

    He lives by a strict moral code.

    他按照严格的道德准则生活。

  • 一直活到；(事物)继续存在：

    His grandfather lived to a hundred.

    他的祖父活到了100岁。

  • 充分享受人生；体验人生乐趣；生活过得有意义：

    She didn't know how to live.

    她不懂得如何享受生活。

  • 以…为生；靠…过活(常与on或upon连用)：

    He lives mainly on his monthly income.

    他主要靠自己的月收入生活。

  • 以…为主食；靠吃…维持生存：

    The family lived on wild plants.

    全家人靠吃野菜度日。

  • 居住(常与in连用)：

    My brother is living in Sydney.

    我兄弟居住于悉尼。

  • (人物形象等)栩栩如生，生动传神：

    The writer made this historical character live in his book.

    作家在书中将这一历史人物描写得栩栩如生。

  • 留在人们记忆中：

    The general's feats will live after him.

    将军的伟绩将永留人世。

  • 保持自尊心

  • 收起

• vt.

  • 过…的生活；度过：

    to live one's happy and comfortable life

    过幸福而舒适的生活

  • 实践；(在自己的生活中)表现：

    He hated to live a lie.

    他极不愿意虚伪地生活。

    to live one's faith

    恪守信念

  • 演活(某角色)；活现(某角色)

• 短语

  • as I live and breathe

    • [口语]只要我还有口气(用来表示坚决)

  • (as sure) as I live

    • 的的确确[亦作as sure as one lives]

  • He lives long that lives well.

    • [谚语]过得好就是长寿。

  • 展开更多

• 变形
  • vi. [lived](javascript:;) [living](javascript:;)

live 2 /laiv/

• adj.

  • 活的，活着的，有生命的

  • 充满活力的，精力充沛的，精神饱满的，生气勃勃的

  • (颜色)鲜艳的

  • 展开更多

• adv.

  • 实况转播；以现场直播方式；在(表演)现场；实况地

• 变形
  • adj. [liver](javascript:;) [livest](javascript:;)

• live /lɪv/ |CET4livinglivedlives

  • [V-I ](javascript:;)If someone lives in a particular place or with a particular person, their home is in that place or with that person. 居住

    • She has lived here for 10 years.
    她在这里住了10年了。

    • Where do you live?
    你住在哪里？

  • [V-T/V-I ](javascript:;)If you say that someone lives in particular circumstances or that they live a particular kind of life, you mean that they are in those circumstances or that they have that kind of life. 生活

    • We lived quite grandly.
    我们生活得相当快乐。

    • Compared to people living only a few generations ago, we have greater opportunities to have a good time.
    与生活在仅仅几代之前的人相比，我们有更大的过得快乐的机会。

  • [V-I ](javascript:;)If you say that someone lives for a particular thing, you mean that it is the most important thing in their life. (为…而) 活

    • He lived for his work.
    他为了工作而活。

  • [V-T/V-I ](javascript:;)To live means to be alive. If someone lives to a particular age, they stay alive until they are that age. 活着

    • He's got a terrible disease and will not live long.
    他得了一种重病，活不长了。

    • He lived to be 103.
    他活到了103岁。

  • [V-I ](javascript:;)If people live by doing a particular activity, they get the money, food, or clothing they need by doing that activity. 以…为生

    • ...the last indigenous people to live by hunting.
    …最后一个以打猎为生的土著民族。

  • →see also [living](javascript:;)

  • [PHRASE ](javascript:;)If you live it up, you have a very enjoyable and exciting time, for example by going to lots of parties or going out drinking with friends. 尽情玩乐

    • There is no reason why you couldn't live it up once in a while.
    没有理由不让你偶尔尽情玩乐一下的。

  • to live hand to mouth → [hand](javascript:;)

• [ADJECTIVE USES](javascript:;)

  live /laɪv/

  • [ADJ ](javascript:;)Live animals or plants are alive, rather than being dead or artificial. 活的

    • ...a protest against the company's tests on live animals.
    …反对该公司对活的动物进行实验的抗议。

  • [ADJ ](javascript:;)A live television or radio programme is one in which an event or performance is broadcast at exactly the same time as it happens, rather than being recorded first. 现场直播的

    • Murray was a guest on a live radio show.
    默里曾是一个无线电直播节目的嘉宾。

    • They watch all the live matches.
    他们观看所有现场直播的比赛。

  • [ADV ](javascript:;)Live is also an adverb. 现场直播地

    • It was broadcast live in 50 countries.
    它在50个国家进行了现场直播。

  • [ADJ ](javascript:;)A live performance is given in front of an audience, rather than being recorded and then broadcast or shown in a film. 现场表演的

    • The Rainbow has not hosted live music since the end of 1981.
    彩虹乐队自1981年底以来还没有举办过现场音乐会。

    • A live audience will pose the questions.
    一位现场观众将会提些问题。

  • [ADV ](javascript:;)Live is also an adverb. 现场表演地

    • Kat Bjelland has been playing live with her new band.
    凯特·本杰拉德与她的新乐团一直在进行现场表演。

  • [ADJ ](javascript:;)A live wire or piece of electrical equipment is directly connected to a source of electricity. 带电的

    • The plug broke, exposing live wires.
    插头坏了，露出带电的电线。

  • [ADJ ](javascript:;)Live bullets are made of metal, rather than rubber or plastic, and are intended to kill people rather than injure them. 实 (弹) 的

    • They trained in the jungle using live ammunition.
    他们在丛林里使用真枪实弹进行训练。

alive /əˈlaɪv/ |CET4 TEM4

• [ADJ ](javascript:;)If people or animals are alive, they are not dead. 活着的

  • She does not know if he is alive or dead.
  她不知道他是活还是死。

• [ADJ ](javascript:;)If you say that someone seems alive, you mean that they seem to be very lively and to enjoy everything that they do. 有活力的

  • She seemed more alive and looked forward to getting up in the morning.
  她似乎更有活力，并且期待着一早就起来。

• [ADJ ](javascript:;)If an activity, organization, or situation is alive, it continues to exist or function. 继续存在的

  • The big factories are trying to stay alive by cutting costs.
  大工厂试图通过减少开支以维持生存。

• [ADJ ](javascript:;)If a place is alive with something, there are a lot of people or things there and it seems busy or exciting. 满是 (人或物，显得繁忙或兴奋的) 的

  • The river was alive with birds.
  这条河流周围满是各种鸟类。

• [PHRASE ](javascript:;)If people, places, or events come alive, they start to be lively again after a quiet period. If someone or something brings them alive, they cause them to come alive. 恢复生机; 使变活跃

  • The doctor's voice had come alive and his small eyes shone.
  医生的声音变得响亮起来，两只小眼睛也有了神采。

• [PHRASE ](javascript:;)If a story or description comes alive, it becomes interesting, lively, or realistic. If someone or something brings it alive, they make it seem more interesting, lively, or realistic. 使变得有趣; 使显得生动

  • She made history come alive with tales from her own memories.
  她用自己记忆中的往事使历史变得生动有趣起来。

  ​

lively /ˈlaɪvlɪ/ |CET4 TEM4livelierliveliest

• [ADJ ](javascript:;)You can describe someone as lively when they behave in an enthusiastic and cheerful way. 活泼的

  • She had a sweet, lively personality.
  她有着可爱活泼的性格。

• [N-UNCOUNT ](javascript:;)活泼

  • Amy could sense his liveliness even from where she stood.
  艾米甚至能从她所站的地方感受到他的勃勃生气。

• [ADJ ](javascript:;)A lively event or a lively discussion, for example, has lots of interesting and exciting things happening or being said in it. 热烈的

  • It turned out to be a very interesting session with a lively debate.
  结果成了一次充满激烈辩论、非常有意思的会议。

• [N-UNCOUNT ](javascript:;)热烈

  • Some may enjoy the liveliness of such a restaurant for a few hours a day or week.
  有人每天或每周都会来这样一个餐馆，享受几小时热烈氛围。

• [ADJ ](javascript:;)Someone who has a lively mind is intelligent and interested in a lot of different things. 活跃的

  • She was a very well educated girl with a lively mind, a girl with ambition.
  她是一个非常有教养、头脑活跃、有抱负的女孩。

literal

literal /ˈlɪtərəl/ |CET6 TEM8

ADJ The literal sense of a word or phrase is its most basic sense. 字面上的
• In many cases, the people there are fighting, in a literal sense, for their homes.
多数情况下，那里的人们实际上都是在为他们的家园而战斗。

ADJ A literal translation is one in which you translate each word of the original work rather than giving the meaning of each expression or sentence using words that sound natural. 按字面意思的
• A literal translation of the name Tapies is "walls."
名字的字面翻译是“墙”。

literature /ˈlɪtərɪtʃə, ˈlɪtrɪ-/ |CET4 TEM4

N-VAR Novels, plays, and poetry are referred to as literature, especially when they are considered to be good or important. 文学
• ...classic works of literature.
…古典文学作品。
• I have spent my life getting to know diverse literatures of different epochs.
我花费一生时间来逐渐了解不同时代形形色色的文学。

N-UNCOUNT Theliterature on a particular subject of study is all the books and articles that have been published about it. 文献
• ...the literature on immigration policy.
…关于外来移民政策的文献。

N-UNCOUNT Literature is written information produced by people who want to sell you something or give you advice. 印刷品
• I am sending you literature from two other companies that provide a similar service.
我在给你邮寄来自另外两家提供类似服务的公司的宣传单。

liberal /ˈlɪbərəl, ˈlɪbrəl/ |CET4 TEM4

ADJ Someone who has liberal views believes people should have a lot of freedom in deciding how to behave and think. 开明的
• She is known to have liberal views on divorce and contraception.
大家知道，她对于离婚和避孕持开明的观点。

N-COUNT Liberal is also a noun. 开明者
• ...a nation of free-thinking liberals.
…一个思想自由的开明者的国家。

ADJ A liberal system allows people or organizations a lot of political or economic freedom. 自由的
• ...a liberal democracy with a multiparty political system.
…多党政体的自由民主国家。

N-COUNT Liberal is also a noun. 自由主义者
• These kinds of price controls go against all the financial principles of the free market liberals.
这些价格控制违反了支持自由市场的自由主义者的所有金融原则。

ADJ A Liberal politician or voter is a member of a Liberal Party or votes for a Liberal Party. 自由党的
• She withdrew because she did not wish to split the Liberal vote.
她退出是因为不想分散自由党的选票。

N-COUNT Liberal is also a noun. 自由党人
• The Liberals hold twenty-three seats.
自由党拥有23个席位。

ADJ Liberal means giving, using, or taking a lot of something, or existing in large quantities. 慷慨的; 大量的
• As always he is liberal with his jokes.
他总有讲不完的笑话。

ADV 慷慨地; 大量地
• Chemical products were used liberally over agricultural land.
化学产品被大量用于农田。

liberal /'libərəl/

adj.

大方的；慷慨的；愿大量给予的

大量的，丰富的；丰盛的；充足的，充裕的

心胸宽阔的；能采纳不同意见的；不受传统观念束缚的

宽容的；容忍的；无偏见

开明的；主张改革的(尤指主张政治改革、个性解放的)

自由主义的

L-自由党的

代表制政府的；共和政体的(区别于君主制和贵族制)

大学文科的；文科教育的

[美国英语]不拘泥于字面意义的；自由随便的；不苛刻的

[古语]自由民的，适合自由人的；不受限制的

[废语]放肆的；吊儿郎当的
收起
n.

开明的人；自由主义者

L-自由党党员

liberal education 普通教育；文科教育

liberal party n. 自由党

liberal democratic party n. 自由民主党

liberal democracy 自由民主；自由民主主义；自由民主制（一种政府形式，由人民选出的民意代表行使决策权力）

liberal art 文科

liberal arts education 博雅教育

liberal economy 自由经济

liberal democrat 自由民主党（成员）；自民党人

college of liberal arts 文学院；人文学院

liberal studies 人文学科

liberal translation n. 意译法

liberal arts college 文理学院；文科大学

arise

vi. 出现；上升；起立

n. (Arise)人名；(西)阿里塞；(日)在濑(姓)

过去式 arose过去分词 arisen现在分词 arising

高中 | CET4 | 商务英语 | 考研

• arise /əˈraɪz/ |CET4 TEM4arisingarosearisenarises

  • [V-I ](javascript:;)If a situation or problem arises, it begins to exist or people start to become aware of it. 出现

    • ...if a problem arises later in the pregnancy.
    …如果在怀孕后期出现问题。

  • [V-I ](javascript:;)If something arises from a particular situation, or arises out of it, it is created or caused by the situation. (由…) 产生

    • This serenity arose in part from Rachel's religious beliefs.
    这种平和部分由于雷切尔的宗教信仰。

raise /reɪz/ |CET4 TEM4

raisingraisedraises

V-T If you raise something, you move it so that it is in a higher position. 举起
• He raised his hand to wave.
他举起手来挥动。
• Milton raised the glass to his lips.
米尔顿举起杯子放到嘴唇边。

V-T If you raise a flag, you display it by moving it up a pole or into a high place where it can be seen. 升起
• They had raised the white flag in surrender.
他们已经升起白旗投降。

V-T If you raise yourself, you lift your body so that you are standing up straight, or so that you are no longer lying flat. 站立; 起身
• He raised himself into a sitting position.
他起身坐了起来。

V-T If you raise the rate or level of something, you increase it. 增加
• The Federal Reserve Board is expected to raise interest rates.
联邦储备委员会预计将增加利率。

V-T To raise the standard of something means to improve it. 提高 (水平)
• ...a new drive to raise standards of literacy in New York's schools.
…一场提高纽约各学校文化程度的新运动。

V-T If you raise your voice, you speak more loudly, usually because you are angry. (常指因生气) 提高 (嗓门)
• Don't you raise your voice to me!
别对我高声大气！

N-COUNT A raise is an increase in your wages or salary. 加薪

V-T If you raise money for a charity or an institution, you ask people for money which you collect on its behalf. 筹募 (资金)
• ...events held to raise money for flood victims.
…为水患灾民募捐而举行的活动。

V-T If a person or company raises money that they need, they manage to get it, for example by selling their property or by borrowing. 筹措 (资金)
• They raised the money to buy the house and two hundred acres of land.
他们筹措了资金来购买房子和200英亩土地。

V-T If an event raises a particular emotion or question, it makes people feel the emotion or consider the question. 唤起; 引发
• The agreement has raised hopes that the war may end soon.
合约唤起了战争也许很快会结束的希望。

V-T If you raise a subject, an objection, or a question, you mention it or bring it to someone's attention. 提出
• He had been consulted and had raised no objections.
他已经被征询意见，并没有提出异议。

V-T Someone who raises a child takes care of it until it is grown up. 抚养
• My mother was an amazing woman. She raised four of us kids virtually singlehandedly.
我母亲是个了不起的女人。她几乎是独自抚养大了我们4个孩子。

V-T If someone raises a particular type of animal or crop, they breed that type of animal or grow that type of crop. 饲养; 种植
• He raises 2,000 acres of wheat and hay.
他种植了2000英亩的小麦和饲料用草。

to raise the alarm → alarm

to raise your eyebrows → eyebrow

to raise a finger → finger
以上来源于《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
网络释义 专业释义 英英释义
举起
加注
提高
饲养
短语

raise 举起加注提高饲养

Raise question 提出问题提问提出题目提出成绩

raise hell 破口大骂大吵大闹地狱呼唤大发牢骚
更多网络短语
词组短语 同近义词 同根词 词源

raise oneself 长高，发迹

raise money 集资；筹款；募捐

get a raise 得到加薪

vt. 提高；筹集；养育；升起
vi. 上升
n. 高地；上升；加薪
n. (Raise)人名；(英)雷兹
过去式 raised过去分词 raised现在分词 raising
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rise /raɪz/ |CET4 TEM4

risingroserisenrises

V-I If something rises, it moves upward. 上升; 升起
• Wilson's ice-cold eyes watched the smoke rise from his cigarette.
威尔逊那双冰冷的眼睛注视着烟雾从他的香烟中冒出。

PHRASAL VERB Rise up means the same as . 上升; 升起
• Spray rose up from the surface of the water.
水花从水面上溅起来。

V-I When you rise, you stand up. 起身
• Luther rose slowly from the chair.
卢瑟慢慢从椅子上站起身来。

PHRASAL VERB Rise up means the same as . 起身
• The only thing I wanted was to rise up from the table and leave this house.
我惟一想做的是从餐桌旁站起身来，离开这所房子。

V-I When you rise, you get out of bed. 起床
• Tony had risen early and gone to the cottage to work.
托尼很早就起床去那间小屋干活了。

V-I When the sun or moon rises, it appears in the sky. (太阳或月亮) 升起
• He wanted to be over the line of the ridge before the sun had risen.
他想赶在太阳升起前翻过那山脊。

V-I You can say that something rises when it appears as a large, tall shape. 耸立
• The building rose before him, tall and stately.
那栋大楼耸立在他面前，高大而又雄伟。

PHRASAL VERB Rise up means the same as . 耸立
• The White Mountains rose up before me.
怀特山耸立在我面前。

V-I If the level of something such as the water in a river rises, it becomes higher. (河水等) 上涨
• The waters continue to rise as more than 1,000 people are evacuated.
在1000多人被疏散的同时，河水持续上涨。

V-I If land rises, it slopes upward. (地面) 隆起
• He looked up the slope of land that rose from the house.
他抬头看了看从那所房子向上隆起的斜坡。

V-I If an amount rises, it increases. (数量) 增加; 上涨
• Interest rates rise from 4% to 5%.
利率从4%上升到5%。
• Tourist trips of all kinds rose by 10.5% between 1977 and 1987.
各类旅游在1977至1987年间增长了10.5%。
• Exports rose 23%.
出口货品增长了23%。

N-COUNT A rise in the amount of something is an increase in it. 增长; 上涨
• ...the prospect of another rise in interest rates.
…又一次利率上升的可能性。

N-SING The rise of a movement or activity is an increase in its popularity or influence. (运动或行为的) 兴起; 抬头
• The rise of racism in America is a serious concern.
美洲种族主义的抬头是一个严重忧虑。

N-COUNT A rise is an increase in your wages or your salary. (薪水、工资的) 增加
• Within two months Kelly got a rise.
两个月内凯利就获得了加薪。

V-I If the wind rises, it becomes stronger. (风力) 增强
• The wind was still rising, approaching a force nine gale.
风力仍在增强，接近九级。

V-I If a sound rises or if someone's voice rises, it becomes louder or higher. (声音或嗓音) 升高
• "Bernard?" Her voice rose hysterically.
“伯纳德？”她的嗓门歇斯底里地升高了。

V-I When the people in a country rise, they try to defeat the government or army that is controlling them. 起义
• President Bush had encouraged the Panamanian military to rise against General Noriega.
布什总统曾鼓动巴拿马军方起来反抗诺列加将军。

PHRASAL VERB Rise up means the same as . 起义
• He warned that if the government moved against him the people would rise up.
他警告说如果政府对他采取行动，人民将起来反抗。

V-I If someone rises to a higher position or status, they become more important, successful, or powerful. (职位、地位) 升高
• She is a strong woman who has risen to the top of a deeply sexist organization.
她是一位坚强的女性，在一个性别歧视严重的组织中升到了顶层。

PHRASAL VERB Rise up means the same as . (职位、地位) 升高
• I started with Hoover 26 years ago in sales and rose up through the ranks.
我26年前加入胡佛公司作销售，而后一步步晋升。

N-SING The rise of someone is the process by which they become more important, successful, or powerful. 崛起
• Haig's rise was fuelled by an all-consuming sense of patriotic duty.
黑格的崛起被一种压倒一切的爱国责任感推动着。

PHRASE If something gives rise to an event or situation, it causes that event or situation to happen. 引发
• Low levels of choline in the body can give rise to high blood pressure.
体内胆碱含量低可引发高血压。

to rise to the challenge → challenge

to rise to the occasion → occasion
vi. 上升；增强；起立；高耸
vt. 使…飞起；使…浮上水面
n. 上升；高地；增加；出现
过去式 rose过去分词 risen现在分词 rising
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arouse /əˈraʊz/ |CET4 TEM4

arousingarousedarouses

vt. 引起；唤醒；鼓励
vi. 激发；醒来；发奋
过去式 aroused过去分词 aroused现在分词 arousing
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V-T If something arouses a particular reaction or attitude in people, it causes them to have that reaction or attitude. 引起
• His revolutionary work in linguistics has aroused intense scholarly interest.
他在语言学方面的革命性著作引起了强烈的学术兴趣。

V-T If something arouses a particular feeling or instinct that exists in someone, it causes them to experience that feeling or instinct strongly. 激起
• The smell of frying bacon aroused his hunger.
煎咸肉的味道激起了他的饥饿感。

V-T If you are aroused by something, it makes you feel sexually excited. 激起性欲
• Some men are aroused when their partner says erotic words to them.
一些男人在性伙伴对他们说色情话时会被撩起性欲。

meet /miːt/ |CET4 TEM4

meetingmetmeets

vt. 满足；遇见；对付
vi. 相遇；接触
n. 集会
adj. 合适的；适宜的
n. (Meet)人名；(英)米特
</u>过去式 met过去分词 met现在分词 meeting<u>
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V-RECIP If you meet someone, you happen to be in the same place as them and start talking to them. You may know the other person, but be surprised to see them, or you may not know them at all. 遇见
• I have just met the man I want to spend the rest of my life with.
我刚刚遇到了我想与之共度余生的男人。
• He's the kindest and sincerest person I've ever met.
他是我见过的最和善、最真诚的人。

PHRASAL VERB Meet up means the same as . 同(meet)
• Last night, when he was parking my car, he met up with a buddy he had at Stanford.
昨晚他为我泊车时，遇见了他在斯坦福时的一位朋友。

V-RECIP If two or more people meet, they go to the same place, which they have earlier arranged to do, so that they can talk or do something together. 会见
• We could meet for a drink after work.
我们可以在下班后见面喝一杯。

PHRASAL VERB Meet up means the same as . 同(meet)
• We tend to meet up for lunch once a week.
我们往往会每周共进一次午餐。

V-T If you meet someone, you are introduced to them and begin talking to them and getting to know them. 被引见给…
• Hey, Terry, come and meet my Dad.
嗨，特里，过来见见我爸爸。

V-T You use meet in expressions such as "Pleased to meet you" and "Nice to have met you" when you want to politely say hello or goodbye to someone you have just met for the first time. 认识
• "Jennifer," Miss Mallory said, "this is Leigh Taylor."—"Pleased to meet you," Jennifer said.
“珍妮弗，”马洛里小姐说，“这位是利·泰勒。” —“很高兴认识你，” 珍妮弗说道。

V-T If you meet someone at or off their train, plane, or bus, you go to the station, airport, or bus stop in order to be there when they arrive. 迎接
• Mama met me at the station.
妈妈在车站接了我。
• Lili and my father met me off the boat.
莉莉和我爸爸接我下了船。

V-I When a group of people such as a committee meet, they gather together for a particular purpose. 会晤
• Officials from the two countries will meet again soon to resume negotiations.
两国的官员们不久将再次会晤以重新开始谈判。

V-I If you meet with someone, you have a meeting with them. (与…) 会晤
• Most of the lawmakers who met with the president yesterday said they backed the mission.
大多数昨天与总统会面的立法委员们说他们支持这项使命。

V-T/V-I If something such as a suggestion, proposal, or new book meets with or is met with a particular reaction, it gets that reaction from people. 遇到
• The idea met with a cool response from various quarters.
这个想法遭到了各方人士的冷遇。
• We hope today's offer will meet with your approval too.
我们希望今天的提议也将会得到您的批准。

V-T If something meets a need, requirement, or condition, it is good enough to do what is required. 满足
• He suggested that the current arrangements for the care of severely mentally ill people are inadequate to meet their needs.
他认为目前对患有严重精神病的人的护理安排不足以满足他们的需要。

V-T If you meet something such as a problem or challenge, you deal with it satisfactorily or do what is required. 成功应付
• Manufacturing failed to meet the crisis of the 1970s.
制造业没能成功地应对20世纪70年代危机的考验。

V-T If you meet the cost of something, you provide the money that is needed for it. 支付
• The government said it will help meet some of the cost of the damage.
政府说它会帮助支付一些损害造成的费用。

V-T If you meet a situation, attitude, or problem, you experience it or become aware of it. 遇到 (情况、态度、问题等)
• I honestly don't know how I will react the next time I meet a potentially dangerous situation.
老实说，下次再遇到有潜在危险的情况时，我不知道自己会如何反应。

V-I You can say that someone meets with success or failure when they are successful or unsuccessful. 获得 (成功); 遇到 (失败)
• Attempts to find civilian volunteers have met with embarrassing failure.
寻找平民志愿者的种种尝试均遭遇到了令人尴尬的失败。

V-RECIP When a moving object meets another object, it hits or touches it. 击中; 碰到
• He held the lighter so it met the tip of his cigarette.
他举起了打火机，这样它就碰到了香烟头。

V-RECIP If your eyes meet someone else's, you both look at each other at the same time. (目光) 接触
• Nina's eyes met her sisters' across the table.
尼娜的目光碰上了桌对面她的姐妹们的目光。

V-RECIP If two areas meet, especially two areas of land or sea, they are next to one another. (尤指两片地域或海域) 相接
• It is one of the rare places in the world where the desert meets the sea.
那是世界上沙漠和海洋相接的少有的地方之一。

V-RECIP The place where two lines meet is the place where they join together. 相交
• Parallel lines will never meet no matter how far extended.
相平行的线不管延伸多长，永远都不会相交。

N a meeting, esp a sports meeting 会议(尤指体育会议)

to make ends meet → end

to meet someone halfway → halfway

scarce /skɛəs/ |CET4 TEM4

scarcerscarcest

adj. 缺乏的，不足的；稀有的
adv. 仅仅；几乎不；几乎没有
比较级 scarcer最高级 scarcest
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ADJ If something is scarce, there is not enough of it. 短缺的
• Food was scarce and expensive.
食物匮乏而且昂贵。
• Jobs are becoming increasingly scarce.
工作职位变得越来越少。

PHRASE If you make yourself scarce, you quickly leave the place you are in, usually in order to avoid a difficult or embarrassing situation. 溜走
• It probably would be a good idea if you made yourself scarce.
如果你溜走倒可能是个好主意。

assemble

resemble

respect

respective,ly

respectable

respectful

virtue /ˈvɜːtjuː/ |CET4 TEM4

n. 美德；优点；贞操；功效
n. (Virtue)人名；(英)弗丘
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MEANINGS 义项

[U] formal moral goodness of character and behaviour
善；美德
OPP vice

•
Women have often been used as symbols of virtue. 女性常被用作美德的象征。

[C] a particular good quality in someone’s character
〔某人的〕美德，优秀品质
SYN vice

•
Among her many virtues are loyalty, courage, and truthfulness. 她有许多美德，诸如忠诚、勇敢和诚实。

[C,U] an advantage that makes something better or more useful than something else
〔某物的〕优点，长处
THESAURUS advantage
•
Wilkins is now extolling the virtues of organic farming. 威尔金斯现在盛赞有机耕作的好处。
[+ of]
•
Adam Smith believed in the virtues of free trade. 亚当·斯密相信自由贸易的好处。

by virtue of sth
formal by means of, or as a result of something
凭借；由于，因为
•
She became a British resident by virtue of her marriage. 她借着婚姻成了英国公民。

make a virtue of sth
to get an advantage from a situation that you cannot change, usually a bad one
利用某事物，将某事物化为优势〔常指无法改变的不利条件〕
•
She made a virtue of her acting limitations by joking about them. 她拿表演上的不足自嘲，化不利为有利。

make a virtue of necessity
to get an advantage from doing something that you have to do, or to pretend that you are doing it willingly
(假装)把必须要做的事情当作好事来做；不得已而力争有所得

N-UNCOUNT Virtue is thinking and doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong. 正直的品性
• Virtue is not confined to the Christian world.
正直的品性并不限于基督教世界。

N-COUNT A virtue is a good quality or way of behaving. 美德
• His virtue is patience.
他的美德就是耐心。

N-COUNT The virtue of something is an advantage or benefit that it has, especially in comparison with something else. 优势; 益处
• There was no virtue in returning to Calvi the way I had come.
按我来的路线返回卡尔维并不可取。

PHRASE You use by virtue of to explain why something happens or is true. 因为
• The article stuck in my mind by virtue of one detail.
该文章因一细节而印入我脑海。

virtuous

virtuously

manage

regulate

control

curb /kɜːb/ |CET4 TEM4

curbingcurbedcurbs

n. 抑制；路边；勒马绳
vt. 控制；勒住
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curb inflation 抑制通货膨胀

curb market n. 场外交易市场；股票证券场外交易市场
.
V-T If you curb something, you control it and keep it within limits. 抑制
• ...advertisements aimed at curbing the spread of AIDS.
…旨在抑制爱滋病蔓延的广告。

N-COUNT Curb is also a noun. 控制; 限制
• He called for much stricter curbs on immigration.
他呼吁对移民实行更为严格的限制。

V-T If you curb an emotion or your behaviour, you keep it under control. 控制 (脾气、行为等)
• He curbed his temper.
他控制住了自己的脾气。

N-COUNT undefined
→ kerb

N-COUNT a swelling on the leg of a horse, below the point of the hock, usually caused by a sprain (马腿上由扭伤导致的)肿胀

manipulate /məˈnɪpjʊˌleɪt/ |CET4 TEM4

manipulatingmanipulatedmanipulates

vt. 操纵；操作；巧妙地处理；篡改
过去式 manipulated过去分词 manipulated现在分词 manipulating
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.
manipulate data 操作数据

V-T If you say that someone manipulates people, you disapprove of them because they skilfully force or persuade people to do what they want. 控制
• She's always borrowing my clothes and manipulating me to give her vast sums of money.
她总是向我借衣服，并控制我，让我给她大笔的钱。

N-VAR 控制
• ...repeated criticism or manipulation of our minds.
…对我们思想的反复批评或一再控制。

V-T If you say that someone manipulates an event or situation, you disapprove of them because they use or control it for their own benefit, or cause it to develop in the way they want. 操纵
• She was unable, for once, to control and manipulate events.
她曾一度无法控制和操纵事件。

N-VAR 操纵
• ...accusations of political manipulation.
…对政治操纵的指控。

V-T If you manipulate something that requires skill, such as a complicated piece of equipment or a difficult idea, you operate it or process it. 操作
• The technology uses a pen to manipulate a computer.
这项技术使用笔来操作计算机。

N-VAR 操作
• ...science that requires only the simplest of mathematical manipulations.
…只要求进行最简单数学运算的科学。

V-T If someone manipulates your bones or muscles, they skilfully move and press them with their hands in order to push the bones into their correct position or make the muscles less stiff. 使脱臼复位; 用推拿术治疗
• The way he can manipulate my leg has helped my arthritis so much.
他针对我的腿部做的推拿治疗对我的关节炎大有帮助。

N-VAR 推拿术
• A permanent cure will only be effected by acupuncture, chiropractic, or manipulation.
只有针灸、按摩或推拿术才能实现永久的治愈。

MEANINGS 义项

to make someone think and behave exactly as you want them to, by skilfully deceiving or influencing them
操纵，控制〔某人的思想和行为〕
•
He was one of those men who manipulated people. 他是那种要摆布别人的人。
•
You have the constant feeling you are being manipulated. 你总感觉自己是被人控制着的。
manipulate sb into (doing) sth
•
The thought that any parent would manipulate their child into seeking fame just appalled me. 想到竟然有做父母的会驱使自己的孩子去追求名望，我真是吃惊。

to work skilfully with information, systems etc to achieve the result that you want
〔熟练地〕操作，使用〔信息、系统等〕
•
software designed to store and manipulate data 用于存储和处理数据的软件
•
You can integrate text with graphics and manipulate graphic images. 你可以把文本和图形拼接起来进行图像处理。

medical to move and press bones or muscles to remove pain in them
推拿〔正骨〕，推拿治疗
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DERIVATIVE 派生词

manipulation n /mə͵nɪpjuˋleʃən ; mə‚nɪpjʊ'leɪʃ ə n,mə‚nɪpjə'leɪʃ ə n / [U]
•
allegations of political manipulation 操纵政治的指控
•
manipulation of photographic images 编辑摄影图像

advocate |CET4 TEM4

advocatingadvocatedadvocates
vt. 提倡，主张，拥护
n. 提倡者；支持者；律师
过去式 advocated过去分词 advocated现在分词 advocating
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.
V-T If you advocate a particular action or plan, you recommend it publicly. 提倡
• Mr. Williams is a conservative who advocates fewer government controls on business.
威廉斯先生是一位提倡减少政府对商业的控制的保守人士。

N-COUNT An advocate of a particular action or plan is someone who recommends it publicly. 倡导者
• He was a strong advocate of free market policies and a multi-party system.
他是自由市场政策以及多党制的坚定倡导者。

N-COUNT An advocate for a particular group is a person who works for the interests of that group. 为 (某团体) 谋利益者
• ...advocates for the homeless.
…为无家可归者谋利益的人。

N-COUNT An advocate is a lawyer who speaks in favour of someone or defends them in a court of law. 辩护律师

obscure /əbˈskjʊə/ |CET6 TEM4

obscuringobscuredobscurerobscuresobscurest

adj. 昏暗的，朦胧的；晦涩的，不清楚的；隐蔽的；不著名的，无名的
vt. 使…模糊不清，掩盖；隐藏；使难理解
n. 某种模糊的或不清楚的东西
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.
ADJ If something or someone is obscure, they are unknown, or are known by only a few people. 鲜为人知的
• The origin of the custom is obscure.
该习俗的起源鲜为人知。

ADJ Something that is obscure is difficult to understand or deal with, usually because it involves so many parts or details. 复杂难懂的; 难处理的
• The contracts are written in obscure language.
那些合同是用复杂难懂的语言写的。

V-T If one thing obscures another, it prevents it from being seen or heard properly. 遮掩
• Trees obscured his vision; he couldn't see much of the square's southern half.
树木遮住了他的视线，他不怎么看得见广场南半部。

V-T To obscure something means to make it difficult to understand. 使…难懂
• ...the jargon that frequently obscures educational writing.
…常使教学行文变得复杂难懂的术语。

vague

ambiguous

quote

object

objection

even

DISCOURSE USES

even /ˈiːvən/ |CET4

ADV You use even to suggest that what comes just after or just before it in the sentence is rather surprising. 甚至; 连
• He kept calling me for years, even after he got married.
他多年来不断给我打电话，甚至到他结婚以后。
• Even dark-skinned women should use sunscreens.
就连肤色黑的女性也应该用防晒油。

ADV You use even with comparative adjectives and adverbs to emphasize a quality that someone or something has. (与比较级连用) 更加
• On television he made an even stronger impact as an interviewer.
他作为采访者在电视上造成了更大的影响。

PHRASE You use even if or even though to indicate that a particular fact does not make the rest of your statement untrue. 即使
• Cynthia is not ashamed of what she does, even if she ends up doing something wrong.
辛西娅并不为她所做的事感到惭愧，即使她最终把事情做错。

PHRASE You use even so to introduce a surprising fact that relates to what you have just said. 即便如此; 尽管这样
• The bus was only half full. Even so, a young man asked Nina if the seat next to her was taken.
公共汽车上只坐满了一半，即便如此，一个小伙子还问尼娜她旁边的座位有没有人坐。

PHRASE You use even then to say that something is the case in spite of what has just been stated or whatever the circumstances may be. 即便那样
• Peace could come only gradually, in carefully measured steps. Even then, it sounds almost impossible to achieve.
和平只能以谨慎的步伐逐步到来。即便那样，它听起来还是几乎不可能实现。
ADJECTIVE USES

even /ˈiːvən/

ADJ An even measurement or rate stays at about the same level. 保持不变的
• How important is it to have an even temperature when you're working?
工作时保持恒温有多重要？

ADV 保持不变地
• He looked at Ellen, breathing evenly in her sleep.
他看着在睡梦中呼吸均匀的埃伦。

ADJ An even surface is smooth and flat. 平滑的
• The tables are fitted with a glass top to provide an even surface.
那些桌子都装有玻璃台面以提供平滑的表面。

ADJ If there is an even distribution or division of something, each person, group, or area involved has an equal amount. 均等的
• Divide the dough into 12 even pieces and shape each piece into a ball.
把面团分为12等份并把每一块面团揉成球形。

ADV 均等地
• The meat is divided evenly and boiled in a stew.
肉被均等地切开并在锅里炖。

ADJ An even contest or competition is equally balanced between the two sides who are taking part. 实力相当的
• It was an even game.
这是一场势均力敌的比赛。

ADV 实力相当地
• They must choose between two evenly matched candidates for governor.
他们必须从两个不相上下的候选人中选出州长。

ADJ An even number can be divided exactly by the number two. 偶数的

ADJ If there is an even chance that something will happen, the chances that it will or will not happen are equal. (机会) 各半的
• They have a more than even chance of winning the next election.
他们在下次竞选中有过半的胜机。

PHRASE When a company or a person running a business breaks even, they make neither a profit nor a loss. 盈亏平衡
• The airline hopes to break even next year and return to profit the following year.
该航空公司希望来年盈亏平衡，并在随后一年重新开始盈利。

to be on an even keel → keel

显示更多
GRAMMAR 语法

Even usually goes before the word or phrase that you want to emphasize because it is surprising. even 通常用在单词或短语之前，以强调某事令人吃惊
With a verb, even goes after the first auxiliary, if there is one. even 和动词连用时，如有助动词，则用于第一个助动词之后
Even is not used to introduce another clause. Use even if, even though, or even when. 引导从句不能用 even，要用 even if， even though 或 even when
You can use still in a main clause after a clause beginning with one of these expressions, but do not use ‘but’ or ‘yet’. 如主句位于由上述短语引导的从句之后，则主句中可用 still，但不可用 but 或 yet
•
Even young students were aware of how things had changed. 连年幼的学生都知道情况发生了什么变化。
•
There is wildlife even in the centre of town. 即使在市中心也有野生生物。
•
I have even offered to pay for everything. 我甚至提出账都由我来付。
•
He can’t even spell his own name. 他连自己的名字都不会拼。
•
Even if it’s raining (NOT 不说 Even it’s raining), we go for a walk every day. 即使下雨，我们也还是每天散步。
•
They feel anxious even when things are going well. 即使事情顺利，他们仍忧心忡忡 。
•
Even though we’re completely different, we’re still great friends (NOT 不说 but/yet we’re great friends). 尽管我们完全不同，但我们还是很好的朋友。

and even 乃至

even if 即使；虽然

even more 更多地，更多的

even when 即使当

even as 正如；正巧在…的时候

even so 虽然如此，即使如此

even worse 更糟的是

even now 即使到现在；尽管这样

make even 使平坦；使最后一行排足

break even 不赚不赔；并列起跑；打成平手

even then conj. 即使那样；即使在那时

get even 报复；扯平；算帐

never even 连…也不

even number 偶数

even distribution 均匀分布

even up 平均，拉平；扯平，使相等

even out v. 使平坦；使均等；变正常

even since 自从

get even with 报复

even pressure 均匀压力

beside

和。。相比/无关

besides

除了。。之外还有

except

除了。。之外（不包括）

appeal

申请，呼吁

appeal to:上诉，对。。。有吸引力，呼吁

apply

申请，应用

market

marketing

vt:销售，营销

marketer

营销人员

网络

rebel pilot

reb‧el 1 /'reb ə l,ˋrɛbḷ/ n. [C ]

英 /'reb ə l/
MEANINGS 义项

someone who opposes or fights against people in authority
造反者；反叛者
•
Anti-government rebels attacked the town. 反政府的叛乱分子攻击该镇。
•
the rebel leader 叛军首领
rebel forces/soldiers 叛军/叛兵

someone who refuses to do things in the normal way, or in the way that other people want them to
〔拒绝按常规办事、我行我素的〕反叛者，叛逆者
•
Alex has always been a bit of a rebel. 亚历克斯向来有点叛逆。
词根：rebel

adj.
rebellious 反抗的；造反的；难控制的

adv.
rebelliously 难以控制地；造反地

n.
rebellion 叛乱；反抗；谋反；不服从

rebelliousness 造反；判逆性；难以控制

Originality 创新，独特 英 /ə,rɪdʒɪ'nælɪtɪ/

when something is completely new and different from anything that anyone has thought of before
独创性；创见；创造力；新颖
•
Her earlier work shows a lot of originality. 她的早期作品显示出丰富的独创性。
•
A lot of his designs lack originality. 他的很多设计都缺乏创意。
•
a young writer of great originality 一位极富创意的年轻作家
[+ of]
•
I was impressed by the originality of the plan. 我对这个计划的新意印象深刻。

<u>starbucks overpriced</u> coffee Coffee

starbuck 星巴克

Triple-bottle <u>rocket</u>

rocket /ˈrɒkɪt/ |CET4 TEM4

rocketingrocketedrockets

N-COUNT A rocket is a space vehicle that is shaped like a long tube. 火箭
• ...the Apollo 12 rocket that took astronauts to the moon.
…将宇航员送上了月球的阿波罗12号火箭。

N-COUNT A rocket is a missile containing explosives that is powered by gas. 火箭弹
• There has been a renewed rocket attack on the capital.
发生了对首都的新一轮火箭弹攻击。

N-COUNT A rocket is a firework that quickly goes high into the air and then explodes. 火箭弹烟花

V-I If things such as prices or social problems rocket, they increase very quickly and suddenly. 飞速增加; 飞速上涨
• Fresh food is so scarce that prices have rocketed.
新鲜食物如此稀缺以致价格飞涨。

V to propel (a missile, spacecraft, etc) by means of a rocket 用火箭运送

V-I If something such as a vehicle rockets somewhere, it moves there very quickly. (车辆等) 疾驰; 飞奔
• A train rocketed by, shaking the walls of the row houses.
一辆火车疾驰而过，震动着排房的墙壁。

N-UNCOUNT Rocket is a vegetable with green leaves that are used in salads. 芝麻菜
• ...a small salad of rocket and chopped tomato.
...一小盘芝麻菜和西红柿碎片色拉。

火箭
急速上升
起花
火箭发动机
短语

Rocket 火箭急速上升起花火箭发动机

Rocket Man 火箭人火箭队队歌火箭超人火箭客

Rocket jumping 火箭跳

Modular rocket 公共核心助推器

Relativistic rocket 相对论火箭

Rocket Knight 火箭骑士英文名称硬盘版火箭

fusion rocket 核聚变火箭热核火箭

carrier rocket 运载火箭搭载火箭运载工具

rocket plane 火箭飞机喷气式飞机火箭牌飞机火箭牌的飞机

ChuChu Rocket 咻咻火箭啾啾火箭鼠咻咻火箭游戏

<u>ultra</u> instinct

ultra /ˈʌltrə/

ADJ extreme or immoderate, esp in beliefs or opinions (信仰或意见)极端的; 偏激的

N an extremist 极端分子; 偏激的人

词根：ultra

adj.
ultraconservative 极端保守主义的

n.
ultraconservative 极端保守主义者

ultranationalism 极端民族主义

ultra超过的，极其的，那边的
来自 PIE*al,其它，那边，词源同 alias,else,-tra,比较级后缀，词源同 entry,alternate,interior.

来源：童理民

ultra
"An extremist", Early 19th century: an independent usage of ultra-, originally as an abbreviation of French ultra-royaliste 'ultra-royalist'.

Romania right now ,<u>protests</u> against a <u>corrupt </u>government

protest

vi. 抗议；断言
vt. 抗议；断言
n. 抗议
adj. 表示抗议的；抗议性的
TOEFL | CET6 | GRE | CET4 | 考研

protest |CET4 TEM4
protestingprotestedprotests

V-T/V-I If you protest something or protest against something, you say or show publicly that you object to it. 抗议
• They were protesting soaring prices.
他们在抗议不断飞涨的物价。

N-VAR A protest is the act of saying or showing publicly that you object to something. 抗议
• The opposition now seems too weak to stage any serious protests against the government.
反对党现在似乎太弱小，无力针对政府组织什么重大的抗议。
• The Mexican president cancelled a trip to Texas in protest at the state's execution of a Mexican national.
墨西哥总统取消了得克萨斯之行，以抗议该州对一名墨西哥侨民的处决。

V-T If you protest that something is the case, you insist that it is the case, when other people think that it may not be. 断言
• When we tried to protest that Mo was beaten up they didn't believe us.
当我们坚持说莫遭到了毒打时，他们都不相信。
• "I never said any of that to her," he protested.
“我从来没有对她说过那种话，”他断然否认。

corrupt

adj. 腐败的，贪污的；堕落的
vt. 使腐烂；使堕落，使恶化
vi. 堕落，腐化；腐烂
最高级 most corrupt
TOEFL | 高中 | SAT | IELTS | CET6 | GRE | 考研

corrupt /kəˈrʌpt/ |CET6 TEM4
corruptingcorruptedcorrupts

ADJ Someone who is corrupt behaves in a way that is morally wrong, especially by doing dishonest or illegal things in return for money or power. 腐败的
• ...to save the nation from corrupt politicians of both parties.
…把国家从两党腐败的政客们手中解救出来。

V-T/V-I If someone is corrupted by something, it causes them to become dishonest and unjust and unable to be trusted. 使…腐化; 腐化
• It is sad to see a man so corrupted by the desire for money and power.
看到一个人被金钱和权力欲望所腐蚀很可悲。
• Power tends to corrupt.
权力容易造成腐化。

V-T To corrupt someone means to cause them to stop caring about moral standards. 使…堕落
• ...warning that television will corrupt us all.
…电视会使我们所有人堕落的警示。

Old russian <u>crane</u> before wheels where invented.

crane

n. 吊车，起重机；鹤
vi. 伸着脖子看；迟疑，踌躇
vt. 用起重机起吊；伸长脖子
n. (Crane)人名；(意、葡)克拉内；(英、法、西)克兰
复数 cranes或crane过去式 craned过去分词 craned现在分词 craning
IELTS | CET4 | 考研

crane /kreɪn/ |CET4 TEM4
craningcranedcranes

N-COUNT A crane is a large machine that moves heavy things by lifting them in the air. 起重机
• The little prefabricated hut was lifted away by a huge crane.
那间小小的预制棚屋被一台巨大的起重机吊走了。

N-COUNT A crane is a kind of large bird with a long neck and long legs. 鹤

V-T/V-I If you crane your neck or head, you stretch your neck in a particular direction in order to see or hear something better. 伸长 (脖子)
• She craned her neck to get a better view.
她伸长脖子以便看得清楚一些。
• Children craned to get close to him.
孩子们伸长脖子想靠近他。

<u>literal trash</u>

trash

n. 垃圾；废物
vt. 丢弃；修剪树枝
TOEFL | 初中 | GRE | CET4 | 考研
trash /træʃ/ |CET4 TEM4

N-UNCOUNT Trash consists of unwanted things or waste material such as used paper, empty containers and bottles, and waste food. 垃圾; 废物
• The yards are overgrown and cluttered with trash.
院子杂草丛生，堆满了垃圾。
• Would you take out the trash?
你可以把垃圾带出去吗？

N-UNCOUNT If you say that something such as a book, painting, or movie is trash, you mean that it is of very bad quality. 劣质的东西
• Pop music doesn't have to be trash; it can be art.
流行音乐并不一定是劣质的东西，它可以是艺术。

N-SING The trash means the dustbin. 垃圾桶
• I threw it in the trash.
我把它扔进了垃圾桶。

V to attack or destroy (someone or something) wilfully or maliciously 蓄意捣毁(某物); 蓄意攻击(某人)

Bone shaped sugar <u>cubes</u>

A british traveller in india, 1903.What an example of <u>decadency.</u>

decadency

n. 衰微，堕落；颓废，衰落
复数 decadencies

词根：decadent

adj.
decadent 颓废的；衰微的

n.
decadent 颓废者

decadence 堕落，颓废；衰落

Dominoe tower

dominoes /ˈdɒmɪˌnəʊz/

N any of several games in which matching halves of dominoes are laid together 多米诺骨牌

the usual form when referring to the game played with dominoes, c. 1800; see domino.

from：etymonline