CocoaPods-安装、更新、报错等使用总结
CocoaPods简介:
CocoaPods是一个用Ruby写的、负责管理iOS项目中第三方开源库的工具，CocoaPods能让我们集中的、统一管理第三方开源库，为我们节省设置和更新第三方开源库的时间。
CocoaPods安装:
因为Mac电脑自带Ruby环境，我们就只需打开终端开始动手。然而又因为默认情况下我们mac系统自带的Ruby环境版本比较低（大概是2.0.0或者其他较高版本），但是现在安装CocoaPods需要2.2.2版本及以上的，所以我们不管三七二十一先直接先升级ruby。
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安装
CocoaPods：sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods：可能需要输入电脑密码：执行结果：
Password: Fetching claide-1.0.3.gem Fetching CFPropertyList-3.0.4.gem Fetching atomos-0.1.3.gem Fetching xcodeproj-1.21.0.gem Fetching ruby-macho-2.5.1.gem Fetching nanaimo-0.3.0.gem Fetching colored2-3.1.2.gem Fetching nap-1.1.0.gem Fetching molinillo-0.8.0.gem Fetching gh_inspector-1.1.3.gem Fetching fourflusher-2.3.1.gem Fetching escape-0.0.4.gem Fetching cocoapods-try-1.2.0.gem Fetching netrc-0.11.0.gem Fetching cocoapods-trunk-1.6.0.gem Fetching cocoapods-search-1.0.1.gem Fetching cocoapods-plugins-1.0.0.gem Fetching cocoapods-downloader-1.5.1.gem Fetching cocoapods-deintegrate-1.0.5.gem Fetching ffi-1.15.4.gem Fetching ethon-0.15.0.gem Fetching typhoeus-1.4.0.gem Fetching public_suffix-4.0.6.gem Fetching fuzzy_match-2.0.4.gem Fetching concurrent-ruby-1.1.9.gem Fetching httpclient-2.8.3.gem Fetching algoliasearch-1.27.5.gem Fetching addressable-2.8.0.gem Fetching zeitwerk-2.4.2.gem Fetching tzinfo-2.0.4.gem Fetching i18n-1.8.10.gem Fetching activesupport-6.1.4.1.gem Fetching cocoapods-1.11.2.gem Fetching cocoapods-core-1.11.2.gem Successfully installed nanaimo-0.3.0 Successfully installed colored2-3.1.2 Successfully installed claide-1.0.3 ... ... ... Parsing documentation for activesupport-6.1.4.1 Installing ri documentation for activesupport-6.1.4.1 Parsing documentation for cocoapods-core-1.11.2 Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-core-1.11.2 Parsing documentation for cocoapods-1.11.2 Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-1.11.2 Done installing documentation for nanaimo, colored2, claide, CFPropertyList, atomos, xcodeproj, ruby-macho, nap, molinillo, gh_inspector, fourflusher, escape, cocoapods-try, netrc, cocoapods-trunk, cocoapods-search, cocoapods-plugins, cocoapods-downloader, cocoapods-deintegrate, ffi, ethon, typhoeus, public_suffix, fuzzy_match, concurrent-ruby, httpclient, algoliasearch, addressable, zeitwerk, tzinfo, i18n, activesupport, cocoapods-core, cocoapods after 12 seconds 34 gems installed 如果安装了多个Xcode使用下面的命令选择（一般需要选择最近的Xcode版本）：
sudo xcode-select -switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer；-
安装本地库：
pod setup：执行结果：
Setting up CocoaPods master repo $ /usr/bin/git clone https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git master --progress Cloning into 'master'... remote: Counting objects: 1879515, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (321/321), done. Receiving objects: 21% (404525/1879515), 73.70 MiB | 22.00 KiB/
然后就是漫长的等待，当然,网络好的情况下会更快。
说明：该步骤是安装本地库，不安装也没事，项目可以照常pod install。
只不过不安装的话就不能使用pod search 命令了；如果你追求完美那就继续往下看；
最新版的MacOS Catalina 及以后的系统命令行执行pod setup命令后直接结束啦；
需要手动安装本地库：
```
git clone https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git ~/.cocoapods/repos/trunk
```
目录结构见下图,如果不是就自己手动移动一下：
CocoaPods版本升级
执行命令：
gem -v，查看当前RubyGems版本；-
执行命令：
gem sources -l，查看RubyGems源，确保只有gems.ruby-china.com；执行结果：
*** CURRENT SOURCES *** https://gems.ruby-china.com 执行命令：
gem sources --add https://gems.ruby-china.com/ --remove https://rubygems.org/，修改RubyGems源：删除rubygems.org源，添加gems.ruby-china.com源；执行命令：
gem update --system，如果需要管理员权限就执行：sudo gem update --system，更新RubyGems版本，可能需要翻墙；-
执行命令：
pod --version，查看自己的CocoaPods版本号；执行结果：
1.8.4； 执行命令：
sudo gem install cocoapods，安装或者更新CocoaPods；-
输入电脑登录密码；
执行结果：
..... ..... Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-1.9.1 Done installing documentation for ffi, ethon, typhoeus, cocoapods-core, xcodeproj, cocoapods after 33 seconds 6 gems installed 执行命令：
pod --version，查看下CocoaPods版本号是否更新；
到此，CocoaPods升级完成了。
CocoaPods常用语法
// 安装最新版cocoapods
sudo gem install cocoapods --pre
// 移除本地master
sudo rm -fr ~/.cocoapods/repos/master
// 移除本地缓存
sudo rm -fr ~/Library/Caches/CocoaPods/
// 重新setup，如果很慢可使用问题1的解决方法（git clone）
pod setup --verbose
// 移除trunk
pod repo remove trunk
pod search AFNetworking
// 创建Podfile文件：
pod init
// 打开Podfile文件：
open Podfile
// 添加：
pod 'Alamofire'
// 开始下载：
pod install
CocoaPods错误处理
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cocoapods-1.8.4版本错误：-
错误内容：
[!] CDN: trunk Repo update failed - 7 error(s): CDN: trunk URL couldn't be downloaded: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/master/Specs/0/f/b/MJRefresh/1.3.5/MJRefresh.podspec.json, error: Failed to open TCP connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "raw.githubusercontent.com" port 443) CDN: trunk URL couldn't be downloaded: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/master/Specs/0/f/b/MJRefresh/2.4.1/MJRefresh.podspec.json, error: Failed to open TCP connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "raw.githubusercontent.com" port 443) CDN: trunk URL couldn't be downloaded: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/master/Specs/0/f/b/MJRefresh/2.4.11/MJRefresh.podspec.json, error: Failed to open TCP connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "raw.githubusercontent.com" port 443) CDN: trunk URL couldn't be downloaded: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/master/Specs/0/f/b/MJRefresh/3.0.6/MJRefresh.podspec.json, error: Failed to open TCP connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "raw.githubusercontent.com" port 443) CDN: trunk URL couldn't be downloaded: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/master/Specs/0/f/b/MJRefresh/3.1.0/MJRefresh.podspec.json, error: Failed to open TCP connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "raw.githubusercontent.com" port 443) CDN: trunk URL couldn't be downloaded: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/master/Specs/0/f/b/MJRefresh/3.1.12/MJRefresh.podspec.json, error: Failed to open TCP connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "raw.githubusercontent.com" port 443) CDN: trunk URL couldn't be downloaded: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/master/Specs/0/f/b/MJRefresh/3.1.15.3/MJRefresh.podspec.json, error: Failed to open TCP connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "raw.githubusercontent.com" port 443) 解决办法：终端运行：
pod repo remove trunk；
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