本文是2014年ACTFL的听会笔记（一）
这个讲座，演讲者举例介绍了七种故事模式，教大家怎样选取绘本或者自己编写绘本来帮助低年级的小朋友学习外语。听得很粗略，所以回来做了一番功课，自己上网给每个模式找了相应的英文例子。
1、Familiar Sequence
故事按照一定的主题，和生活相关或者有一定的规律性，比如数字、我的一天、四季等等。
After a bath, I try, try, try
To wipe myself 'till I'm dry, dry, dry.
Hands to wipe, and fingers and toes,
And two wet legs and a shiny nose.
Just think how much less time I'd take
If I were a dog, and could shake, shake, shake!
2、Question and Answer
故事以问答的方式展开，一问一答。
Do You Like Broccoli Ice Cream?
Do you like broccoli?
Yes, I do! [Yes gesture.]
Do you like ice cream? [Pretend to lick an ice cream cone.]
Yes, I do! [Yes gesture.]
Do you like broccoli ice cream? [Make a "yucky" face.]
No, I don't. Yucky! [No gesture.]
Do you like donuts? [Pretend to hold and eat a donut.]
Yes, I do!
Do you like juice? [Pretend to drink juice.]
Yes, I do!
Do you like donut juice?
No, I don't. Yucky!
...
3、Repetition of A Phrase
故事中的关键词或者关键结构不断重复。
Old MACDONALD had a farm
E-I-E-I-O
And on his farm he had a cow
E-I-E-I-O
With a moo moo here
And a moo moo there
Here a moo, there a moo
Everywhere a moo moo
Old MacDonald had a farm
E-I-E-I-O
Old MACDONALD had a farm
E-I-E-I-O
And on his farm he had a pig
E-I-E-I-O
With a oink oink here
And a oink oink there
Here a oink, there a oink
Everywhere a oink oink
Old MacDonald had a farm
E-I-E-I-O
4、Rhyme
押韵，有韵律的故事。
<Cat Cat Cat> by Lesléa Newman
Cats in the sunlight enjoying a snooze
While Mrs. Brown watched the eight o'clock news
Cats on the counter, each deep in a dream
While Mrs. Brown drank her coffee with cream
Cats sleeping on sofas, cats sleeping on chairs
While Mrs. Brown swept and vacuumed the stairs
...
Ding, dong, bell,
Pussy’s in the well.
Who put her in?
Little Tommy Thin.
Who pulled her out?
Little Tommy Stout.
What a naughty boy was that,
To try to drown poor pussy cat.
5、Chain or Circular Story
故事的结尾回到故事的开头。
If you give a mouse a cookie 这个系列很有名，作者拿了特别多的奖。
If you give a mouse a cookie, he's going to ask for a glass of milk. When you give him the milk, he'll probably ask you for a straw. When he's finished, he'll ask you for a napkin. Then he'll want to look in a mirror to make sure he doesn't have a milk mustache. When he looks in the mirror...
Looking at the refrigerator will remind him that he's thirsty. So... he'll ask for a glass of milk. And chances are if he asks you for a glass of milk, he's going to want a cookie to go with it.
6、Cumulative Story
每当故事新的情节出现的时候，旧的情节都会被重复一遍。
On the first day of Christmas
my true love sent to me:
A Partridge in a Pear Tree
On the second day of Christmas
my true love sent to me:
2 Turtle Doves
and a Partridge in a Pear Tree
On the third day of Christmas
my true love sent to me:
3 French Hens
2 Turtle Doves
and a Partridge in a Pear Tree
......
On the twelfth day of Christmas
my true love sent to me:
12 Drummers Drumming
11 Pipers Piping
10 Lords a Leaping
9 Ladies Dancing
8 Maids a Milking
7 Swans a Swimming
6 Geese a Laying
5 Golden Rings
4 Calling Birds
3 French Hens
2 Turtle Doves
and a Partridge in a Pear Tree
7、Song
上述例子中有链接的，全都是著名的英文儿歌。链接都是在YouTube上，相应的，可以试着在优酷上找找。
