1.安装基本的开发包
sudo apt-get update upgrade
sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake git pkg-config
#加载图片工具包
sudo apt-get install libjpeg8-dev libtiff4-dev libjasper-dev libpng12-dev
sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev
sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran
2.下载opencv
cd ~
wget -O opencv.zip https://github.com/Itseez/opencv/archive/3.1.0.zip
unzip opencv.zip
#下载扩展功能
wget -O opencv_contrib.zip https://github.com/Itseez/opencv_contrib/archive/3.1.0.zip
unzip opencv_contrib.zip
3.Python虚拟环境
wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
sudo python get-pip.py
rm get-pip.py
sudo pip install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper
#ubuntu 下 ~/.bashrc添加环境变量：
export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
#生效
source ~/.bashrc
#首先在linux安装好python2和python3 使用virtualenvwrapper创建不同的环境
#python3有很多新的特性 如果老的代码还是python2 那虚拟环境能便于对版本的控制
mkvirtualenv cv2 -p python2
mkvirtualenv py3 -p python3
4.编译
#切换工作环境 此处python2版本在2.7+
workon cv2
cd ~/opencv
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
-D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON \
-D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON \
-D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/opencv_contrib/modules \
-D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON ..
#编译
make -j4
#安装
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig
安装成功之后 编译之后生成的so文件：
/usr/local/lib/python-2.7/site-packages/
#创建链接
cd ~/.virtualenvs/cv2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/
ln -s /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cv2.so cv2.so
5.验证一下
workon cv2
python
>>> import cv2
>>> cv2.__version__
