Docker With RabbitMQ
官方 Docker 镜像仓库地址
本地运行 RabbitMQ
docker run -d \
--name rabbitmq \
--restart always \
-p 5672:5672 \
-p 15672:15672 \
-e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=user \
-e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=password \
rabbitmq:3-management
访问可视化面板
- 地址：http://127.0.0.1:15672/
- 账号：user
- 密码：password
Spring Boot With RabbitMQ
Spring Boot 集成 RabbitMQ
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
基本参数配置
# host & port
spring.rabbitmq.host=127.0.0.1
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
Queue / Exchange / Routing 配置
/**
* RabbitMQ 配置
*/
@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {
private static final String EXCHANGE = "priority-exchange";
public static final String QUEUE = "priority-queue";
private static final String ROUTING_KEY = "priority.queue.#";
/**
* 定义优先级队列
*/
@Bean
Queue queue() {
Map<String, Object> args= new HashMap<>();
args.put("x-max-priority", 100);
return new Queue(QUEUE, false, false, false, args);
}
/**
* 定义交换器
*/
@Bean
TopicExchange exchange() {
return new TopicExchange(EXCHANGE);
}
@Bean
Binding binding(Queue queue, TopicExchange exchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(ROUTING_KEY);
}
}
priority queue 定义参考官方文档：https://www.rabbitmq.com/priority.html
Spring Boot 应用启动后，会自动创建 Queue 和 Exchange ，并相互绑定，优先级队列会有如图所示标识。
RabbitMQ Publisher
Spring Boot 相关配置
# 是否开启消息发送到交换器（Exchange）后触发回调
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=false
# 是否开启消息发送到队列（Queue）后触发回调
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=false
# 消息发送失败重试相关配置
spring.rabbitmq.template.retry.enabled=true
spring.rabbitmq.template.retry.initial-interval=3000ms
spring.rabbitmq.template.retry.max-attempts=3
spring.rabbitmq.template.retry.max-interval=10000ms
spring.rabbitmq.template.retry.multiplier=1
发送消息
@Component
@AllArgsConstructor
public class FileMessageSender {
private static final String EXCHANGE = "priority-exchange";
private static final String ROUTING_KEY_PREFIX = "priority.queue.";
private final RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
/**
* 发送设置有优先级的消息
*
* @param priority 优先级
*/
public void sendPriorityMessage(String content, Integer priority) {
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(EXCHANGE, ROUTING_KEY_PREFIX + "test", content,
message -> {
message.getMessageProperties().setPriority(priority);
return message;
});
}
}
RabbitMQ Consumer
Spring Boot 相关配置
# 消息接收确认，可选模式：NONE（不确认）、AUTO（自动确认）、MANUAL（手动确认）
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.acknowledge-mode=AUTO
# 最小线程数量
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.concurrency=10
# 最大线程数量
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.max-concurrency=10
# 每个消费者可能未完成的最大未确认消息数量
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.prefetch=1
消费者执行耗时较长的话，建议
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.prefetch设置为较小数值，让优先级越高的消息更快加入到消费者线程。
监听消息
@Slf4j
@Component
public class MessageListener {
/**
* 处理消息
*/
@RabbitListener(queues = "priority-queue")
public void listen(String message) {
log.info(message);
}
}
番外补充
1、自定义消息发送确认的回调
- 配置如下：
# 开启消息发送到交换器（Exchange）后触发回调
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true
# 开启消息发送到队列（Queue）后触发回调
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true
- 自定义
RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback实现类
@Slf4j
public class RabbitConfirmCallBack implements RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback{
@Override
public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean ack, String cause) {
log.info("消息唯一标识: {}", correlationData);
log.info("确认状态: {}", ack);
log.info("造成原因: {}", cause);
}
}
- 自定义
RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback实现类
@Slf4j
public class RabbitReturnCallback implements RabbitTemplate.ReturnCallback {
@Override
public void returnedMessage(Message message, int replyCode, String replyText, String exchange, String routingKey) {
log.info("消息主体: {}", message);
log.info("回复编码: {}", replyCode);
log.info("回复内容: {}", replyText);
log.info("交换器: {}", exchange);
log.info("路由键: {}", routingKey);
}
}
- 配置
rabbitTemplate
@Component
@AllArgsConstructor
public class RabbitTemplateInitializingBean implements InitializingBean {
private final RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@Override
public void afterPropertiesSet() {
rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(new RabbitConfirmCallBack());
rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback(new RabbitReturnCallback());
}
}
2、RabbitMQ Exchange 类型
